This document discusses several use cases for federation beyond just Keystone federation between OpenStack clouds. It describes using federation for hybrid clouds with different providers like OpenStack, AWS, and Azure. It also discusses using federation for component redundancy, scaling, non-disruptive upgrades/maintenance, providing geography-based services, tracking multiple clouds, templating deployments across clouds, persisting configurations, and disaster recovery. A model is proposed for a Federation Manager that would handle persisting configurations and images between clusters while applications are responsible for syncing runtime databases.