Flight Management System
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The flight management system (FMS) is at the heart of modern aircraft technology. It integrates information from the aircraft's navigation, performance, and flight parameters to provide consolidated navigation and auto flight control, maximizing efficiency. The FMS consists of a flight management computer, control display unit, and visual display. It analyzes inputs like navigation, air data, and engine status to provide autopilot, flight director, and auto-throttle commands optimizing all aspects of flight. Pilots must program the FMS with the route and monitor progress, updating parameters as needed.
Flight Management System
- 2. FMS ARE FOUND IN SOPHISTICATED AIRCRAFT
- 3. FLIGHT MANGAGEMENT SYSTEM Modern aircraft are filled with the latest technology. Technology which greatly reduces workload if the systems are understood and used properly. The heart of all these systems is the FMS. The FMS works to integrate the information from aircraft navigation, performance, and flight parameters to provide consolidated navigation and auto flight control which maximizes aircraft and route efficiency.
- 4. COMPONENTS A typical FMS consists of: –Flight Management Computer –Control Display Unit –Visual Display (EFIS)
- 6. CONTROL DISPLAY UNIT (CDU)
- 7. HOW IT WORKS The Flight Management Computer is supplied with information from: – Navigation systems – Inertial reference system – Air data computer – Engine and system status – Aircraft specific performance database – Route, procedure and terrain database – EGPWS – TCAS – Datalink – Pilot inputs It analyzes these inputs and continually reevaluates changing parameters to provide the autopilot, flight director, and auto-throttles with commands which optimize all aspects of a flight.
- 9. OPERATION The pilot must initialize and program the FMS with relevant route information. The navigation and aircraft performance database must be verified as current and correct. (performance must reflect the specific aircraft) An initial position must be entered. (Lat and Long) A GPS augmented system will take less time to initialize. The required route must be entered. This can include specific departure, en-route, arrival, and approach procedures. (manually entered or previously stored) Routing must be confirmed accurate and correct and any ATC changes to expected routing must be entered manually en-route. The pilot becomes a manager of this sophisticated system, monitoring progress and updating or changing parameters as necessary.
- 10. WHAT IT DOES The FMS is capable of : – Calculating optimum rate of climb/descent, altitude, power setting. – Controlling the aircraft to meet these optimum parameters through autopilot and auto-throttle. – Guiding pilot controlled flight path through a flight director, and target speed and engine setting bugs. – Cross referencing multiple navigation sources to continually update position. – Automatically tuning en-route navaids. – Alerting pilots of systems status and malfunctions.
- 11. ADVANTAGES The workload reduction associated allows pilots more time to analyze and make decisions. (drink coffee too) Computer generated efficiency profiles are more accurate. Navigation accuracy is improved through integration and cross referencing of multiple sources. Improves situational awareness.
- 12. DISADVANTAGES Reliant on pilot input. Intricacies of system leave room for misinterpretation or erroneous data entry. Loss of situational awareness. Pilots may become so involved in operating and monitoring the system that they forget to look outside. Expensive.