Foreign policy of pakistan
- 1. FOREIGN POLICY OF PAKISTAN 1947 to till Present B A FOREIGN POLICY OF PAKISTAN PAKISTAN RELATIONS WITH NEIGHBORING STATES
- 2. F.P of Pakistan: a triangle India (Countering the adversaries) China (the enemy of my enemy is my friend) U.S serving Washington's Interests)
- 3. “In International relations there are no permanent friend no permanent enemy, but the national interest remains permanent”.
- 4. 1. Peaceful Co-Existence 2. Non-Alignment 3. United Nations Charter 4. Nuclear Non-Proliferation 5. Islamic World 6. International and Regional Cooperation Principles of Foreign Policy
- 5. Fifth and sixth Phase Era of Post-Cold-War (1990-2001) Era of Global Antiterrorism (2001- till present) Third and Fourth Phase Era of Bilateralism (1963-78) Era of Non-Alignment (1979-89) Phases of Foreign Policy of Pakistan Era of Neutrality (1947-53) Era of Alliances (1954-62)
- 6. Era of Neutrality (1947-53) No Pacts/Agreement of War Causes of Neutrality: 1. Cold War & Bipolar System 2. Kashmir, Water Issue/Initial Problems 3. Afghanistan (Durand Line, Pakhtunistan) not recognized Pak 4. Muslim state under colonial Powers Pakistan had four options: 1. To remain Neutral 2. To rely on Muslim Countries 3. To Join Soviet Block 4. To Join Western alliances Final Option: 1. Forth option
- 7. Era of Alliances (1954-62) Pacts/agreement of War with two or more countries 1. Joined SEATO, CENTO 2. Signed Defence Pact Objective to join alliances 1. Economic Assistance 2. Modernization of Army 3. Hope to restore Kashmir issue 4. Security Reconsideration of Alliances 1. US don’t supported-Kashmir 2. U-2 Incident https://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=NPH9ZWMYImg 3. Suez Crisis
- 9. Era of Bilateralism (1963-78) Agreement with one country, Relations with Third World, Socialist Countries. 1. Bilateral Relations with China 2. Tashkent Agreement 3. 1965 war, supported Arab- Israel War 4. Formed RCD 5. Withdrew form Alliances 6. Setting Up of O.I.C 7. 1971 war, Second O.I. C Submit
- 10. Era of Non- Alignment (1979-89) No Bloc Politics, 1. CENTO ended in 1979 2. Russian invasion of Afghanistan Objective of this era 1. Relations with China 2. Close relations with US 3. Eco-political ties with Muslims 4. Policy of Non-alignment in world affairs 5. Security 6. Nuclear Boost
- 11. Era of Post- Cold-War (1990-2001) End of Bipolar System, Started Unipolar-Monopoly of US, • Gulf Crisis • Dismantling of Warsaw Pact/Soviet Union • Collapse of USSR • Tested Nuke at Chagai • Nuclear Proliferation Impacts on Pakistan 1. Pressurized to rollback Nuke 2. Terrorist Tag 3. Silenced on Kashmir
- 12. Era of Global Antiterrorism (2001- till present) War on Terror, Taliban Talks, Withdrawal of Forces 1. 9/11- War on Terror 2. March-April 2003 Iraq invasion 3. Operation Zarb-e-Azb-2014 Pakistan had four option 1. To remain Neutral 2. To support US 3. To discard Taliban 4. To fight War on Terror
- 13. Second Part Pakistan Relations with neighboring states
- 16. NAM 1. Set up in Sept 1961 2. Belgrade 3. India, Egypt and Yugoslavia 4. 113 members 5. 35 observers
- 17. NAM Aim and Objective Eschew from power blocs close and friendly relations discusses issues and problems cooperation and exchange of views of mutual interest World peace disarmament Non-discrimination equality of status independence and freedom
- 18. Causes of Unsuccessful NAM 1. Poverty 2. Malnutrition 3. illiteracy 4. terrorism 5. many members have no democracy 6. Nuclear freefalls bomb
- 19. In 1979 Pakistan Become Member of NAM
- 21. Historical Background 1. Masjid-i-Aqsa 2. First Conference 3. Second Conference 4. Third Conference
- 22. Objectives, Bodies and Principles Objectives 1. Strengthen 2. Coordinate Action 3. Work Principles Equality among members states Self-determination Non-Interference Sovereignty and independence Settlement of disputes Refrain from force, threat 1. Conference of Kings 2. Conference of FM 3. General Secretariat
- 23. Other Committees of OIC Chaired by Heads of State. 1. The Al-Quds Committee 2. The Standing Committee for Information and Cultural Affairs (COMIAC) 3. The Standing Committee for Economic and Trade Cooperation (COMCEC) 4. the Standing Committee for Scientific and Technical Cooperation (COMSTECH) 5. The Islamic Peace Committee 6. Fourteen Committees which have been thus established, deal with other important issues such as Palestine, the Sahel, Afghanistan, Kashmir etc.
- 24. Islamic Colleges, and Cultural Institutes and Centers to spread Islamic culture and dispense the Teaching of Arabic, the language of the Holy Qur'an, as well as other languages.
- 25. Relations With Neighbouring States Afghanistan, China, India, Iran
- 26. Afghanistan Durand Line, Russian War, War on Terrorism
- 30. China 1963 accord, K2 Highway, Nuclear, CPEC
- 35. India 1965, 1971 Wars, Nuclear race, War on Terrorism
- 40. Iran Recognized Pak, Nuclear Program, Revolutionary guards
Editor's Notes
- #5: 1. respects the liberty, freedom and sovereignty of others, . Pakistan doesn’t interfere in others internal affairs of other states 2. In 1954 and 1955 Pakistan had signed SEATS and CENTO but in 1979, NAM set up, April 24, 1955, PAK joined Sept 30, 1979 4. suggested for the De-Weaponisation of South Asia 5. Member OIC 6. Pakistan is the active member of UN, NAM, OIC, SAARC, and SCO
- #8: 2. In 1959 US signed defense pact with Pakistan to protect Pak from Communist attack Pak termed US Protégé, H.S Shorwardi termed Pak, “Most Allied Ally.” Reconsider 2. U-2 1960 a. Sino-India war 1962 3. Arab were not happy with Pak as CENTO member-Israel, Suez Canal
- #9: In 1858 - 1869 Canal Setup, first ship passed – S.S Dido Aswan Dam to be built by UK and France 25 OCT, 1956 Israel attacked on Western Part of Suez Canal March 1957 the Canal reopened again by UN
- #10: As support against India Pak reorientation with US-suspended military support to both India, Pak Turned to Third World & Middle East countries RCD 1964 Détente 1971 Withdrew from Commonwealth in 1972
- #11: After withdrawal from CENTO Pak could join NAM, at Havana submit Sept, 1979. US gave 3.2 (1982) & 4.02 (1986) billion dollars aid against Russia.
- #13: US Demand: Disown Taliban, Seal borders with Afghanistan, cut fuel supply to Taliban and block Al-Qaeda’s movements. Agreement for Bringing Peace to Afghanistan, Feb 29, 2020 The withdrawal of all American and NATO troops, a Taliban pledge to prevent al-Qaeda, and talks between Taliban - the Afghan government.
- #17: 2. Its first summit held in Belgrade, Yugoslavia by Nasser, Nehru & Tito of Yugoslavia 2. In the first summit 25 nations participated Note: in Bandung Declaration 1955 – aims & objective define. 3. Observers: Germany, Canada, Australia, China, Russia, Itlay, etc
- #19: It failed to stop Iran Iraq War people of third world earn less than $1 per day, & 200 children die due to poverty
- #22: Setup on Sept 25, 1969- 56 states Aqsa fired on Aug 21, 1969 2. 1st Conference held in Jeddah March 1970 Setup General Secretariat Appointed Secretary General- Tunku Abdul Rahman choose HQ- Jeddah aim Jerusalem would be HQ 4. 2nd Conference: Lahore Summit Feb 22-24, 1974, Lahore 5. 3rd conference adopted Charter of OIC in Rabat a. Adopted charter
- #23: Strengthen: a) Islamic solidarity among Member States; b) Cooperation in the political, economic, social, cultural and scientific fields: c) The struggle of all Muslim people to safeguard their dignity, independence and national rights Coordinate action to: a) Safeguard the Holy Places: b) Support the struggle of the Palestinian people and assist them in recovering their rights and liberating their occupied territories. Work to: a) Eliminate racial discrimination and all forms of colonialism; b) Create a favorable atmosphere for the promotion of cooperation and understanding between Member States and other countries.