Formulation of-ionic-compouds
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This document discusses ionic compounds and their formation. It defines ions as atoms or groups of atoms with a net electrical charge formed through gaining or losing electrons. Cations are positively charged ions like Na+ and Fe2+, while anions are negatively charged like Cl- and NO3-. Ionic compounds are composed of cations and anions held together by ionic bonds due to electrostatic attraction between opposite charges. For an ionic compound to be electrically neutral, it must contain an equal number of cations and anions. Examples of common ionic compounds are given such as NaCl, KCl, MgO, and CuSO4. The attraction between cations and anions in an ionic compound is called the ion
Formulation of-ionic-compouds
- 1. USTH University of Science and Technology of Hanoi Group-Stars ****Energy****
- 3. Ions • An ion is an atom or group of atoms that have a net electrical charge. An ion is formed when electrons or protons are gained or lost by an atom. • There are two types of ions: Cations and Anions.
- 4. • Cations :A positively charged ion is known as cations. A cation is formed by the loss of one or more electrons by an atom. Ex: Sodium ion Na+, Iron ion Fe 2+ • Anions: A negatively charged ion is known as Anion. An anion is formed by the gain of one or more electrons by an atom. Ex: Chloride ion, Cl-, Nitrate ion (NO3-)
- 5. Ionic Compounds • The compounds which are made up of ions are known as ionic compounds. • In an ionic compound, the positively charged ions and negatively charged ions are held together by the strong electrostatic forces of attraction. • The forces which hold the ions together in an ionic compound are known as ionic bonds and electrovalent bonds.
- 6. • Since an ionic compound consists of an equal number of positive ions and negative ions, so overall charge of an ionic compound is zero. • Example: Sodium chloride- NaCl, Na+ and Cl- Potassium Chloride- KCl + = Na Cl NaCl- Sodiumchloride EXEMPLE
- 7. • During the formation of NaCl, one electron is transferred from a sodium atom (Na+)to a chlorine atom (Cl-)
- 9. Some Ionic Compounds Name Formula Ions present 1. Sodium Chloride NaCl Na+ and Cl- 2.Potassiun Chloride KCl K+ and Cl- 3.Ammonium Chloride NH4Cl NH4 + and Cl- 4.Magnesium Chloride MgCl2 Mg2+ and Cl- 5. Calcium Chloride CaCl2 Ca2+ and Cl- 6. Magnesium Oxide MgO Mg2+ and O2- 7. Calcium Oxide CaO Ca2+ and O2- 8.Aluminium Oxide Al2O3 Al3+ and O2- 9.Sodium Hydroxide NaOH Na+ and OH- 10.Copper Sulphate CuSO4 Cu2+ and SO4 2- 11.Calcium Nitrate Ca(NO3)2 Ca2+ and NO3 - Note: Ionic compounds are made up of a metal and a non-metal(except ammonium chloride which is made up of only non-metals.
- 10. Ionic Bond The attraction between the cation and the anion is known as an ionic bond. This bond is what holds the ionic compound together.
- 11. Formula Unit of Ionic Compounds • The simplest combination of ions that produces an electrically neutral unit, is called a ‘Formula Unit’ of ionic compound. Exemple: Thus, Nacl is electrically nuetral • The ‘formula unit’ of an ionic compound can be thought of as the smallest unit that compound, it is the equivalent of a ‘molecule’ of the compound.
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