Foundation of architecture presentation

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FOUNDATION OF
ARCHITECTURE
Presented by Yolisha Moorvan

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INDEX
 Slide 3: Introduction
 Slides 4-5: Different Styles of Architecture
 Slides 6-10: Vitruvius 3 Principles of Architecture
 Slides 11-15: The Four Necessities of Architecture
 Slides 16-24: The Space that Defines Architecture
 Slide 25: References

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Introduction to the Fundamentals
of Architecture Concepts
Architecture is structured with different concepts
that all work together in the end to give us
impressive buildings. Architects do more than just
“drawing a house on paper”. An architect must take
many aspects into account when working on a
good buildings. One must consider the economic
sector, as well as the functionality, aesthetics and
strength of that building.
Without the fundamentals of Architecture, our
architects would not be able to produce the
wonderful buildings we see in our everyday lives.

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Different Styles of Architecture
 Egyptian Architecture
 Pre-Columbian Architecture
 Byzantine Architecture
 Islamic Architecture
 Gothic Architecture
 Cast Iron
 Tibetan
 Georgian Architecture
 Modern Architecture

zDifferent Styles of
Architecture
These different styles of
architecture allow us to learn
more about different cultures and
lifestyles around the world. By
looking at them, we can
understand the evolution of
architecture whilst understanding
the importance of that specific
culture or country.

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Vitruvius’s 3 Principles of Good Architecture
Vitruvius was a roman architect, engineer and author
who spoke about the 3 fundamental principles of
architecture in his well known multi volume book, “De
Architectura”

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Vitruvius’s 3 Principles
of Architecture
 Firmatis (Durability)
 Utilitas (Utility)
 Venustatis (Beauty)

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Firmatis (Durability)
It is important that any building must be built to stand
robustly and remain in good condition. An Architect must
ensure that the building can withstand any bad weather
conditions as well as any natural disaster. A poorly built
building could result in collapsing, endangering many
lives. One must take into consideration the materials
used, as well as a suitable location.

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Utilitas (Utility)
A good building must also be a useful
building. Architects must design
buildings to ensure the people are
using it to function their everyday
lives. A well-designed hospital will
ensure doctors and nurses to function
effectively, resulting in attending to
patients quickly and sufficiently.

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Venustatis (Beauty)
Appearance plays a vital role in the planning and
development of a building for architects. Despite
the many other factors taken into account, overall,
the building must be aesthetically pleasing to look
at. People who look at an aesthetically designed
building will be attracted to it and curious to see
what is inside. It creates a delightful environment
to be around with its unique ambience, and that is
what every Architect must be able to achieve.

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The Four
Necessities of
Architecture
Technical Requirements
Functional Requirements
Spatial Requirements
Revelatory Requirements

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Technical Requirements
Architects must ensure that they are well
informed about the capabilities of the materials
that they will be using. thus allowing the building
to withstand the “test of time” as well as the
environment.

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Functional Requirements
An architect must be fully aware about the functional
aspects of the building they are designing.
For example, a school is designed to hold mass
crowds and a classroom is designed and structured
in such a way that all eyes must be directed to the
front of the classroom, so that the instructor gets
undivided attention and effective learning can take
place.

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Spatial Requirements
The spatial surroundings is imperative when
planning a building. An architect must take into
consideration, the safety of the building as well
as the people interacting with it. For example, an
airport cannot be situated near a university or
school, as the take off of the plane will be loud
and distracting to the students and teachers.

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Revelatory Requirements
A good architect must have the ability to create a
design the form of the building in such a way
that it is able to reveal its function. This allows
people to find or access buildings faster without
going through the struggle of finding a building.
For example, hospitals usually have a big red
cross which symbolises that it is a hospital, thus
making it easily recognisable.

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The Space that
Defines Architecture
 Earth-Rooted
 Sky-Oriented
 Earth-Resting
 Earth-
Dominating

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Earth-Rooted
Architecture
This type of Architecture
allows the building to
emphasise the natural
surroundings and the
earth. a good example of
this is “FallingWater
Architecture” designed by
Lloyd Wright.

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Falling Water
Falling Water was a house designed
in 1935 by Lloyd Wright. It is
situated in Pennsylvania, partly build
over a waterfall in a rural area. It is
one of the most beautifully designed
structures and was declared a
National Historic Landmark in 1966.

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Sky-Oriented
Architecture
It is also referred to as “Sky
Reaching Architecture”. The
purpose of sky orientated
architecture is the the
buildings use the sky for
emphasis about space,
instead of just using the sky
as a backdrop.

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Sky-Oriented Buildings
The "Turning Torso" by Santiago Calatrava

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Earth-Resting Architecture
Earth-Resting architecture uses the earth merely as a
Platform with the sky as a background as it does not
accentuate the earth and the sky. Most of the modern
built buildings are good examples of Earth-Resting
Architecture.

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Earth-Resting Architecture
Modern Houses are a good example of Earth Resting Architecture

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Earth-Dominating
Architecture
These type of architectures “do
not attempt to blend in with
their surroundings”. Instead,
they loom over the landscape.
The purpose of these buildings
is to depict a feeling of power
and superiority, demanding the
attention of others. A good
example of this would be a
palace.

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Earth-Dominating
Architecture
JP Palace Hotel in Mysore

z REFERENCES
 Schooley Caldwell. 2020. 8 Attributes Of A Great Architect — Schooley Caldwell. [online] Available at: <https://www.schooleycaldwell.com/blog/2018/7/2/what-makes-a-
great-architect> [Accessed 27 March 2020].
 Harp, C., 2020. Three Principles Of Good Architecture. [online] Blog.clinicalarchitecture.com. Available at: <https://blog.clinicalarchitecture.com/three-principles-of-good-
architecture> [Accessed 27 March 2020].
 Archpaper.com. 2020. Miami Archives - Page 7 Of 14 - Archpaper.Com. [online] Available at: <https://archpaper.com/tag/miami/page/7/> [Accessed 27 March 2020].
 Fallingwater. 2020. What Is Fallingwater? - Learn More About Frank Lloyd Wright's Masterpiece. [online] Available at: <https://fallingwater.org/what-is-fallingwater/>
[Accessed 27 March 2020].
 En.wikipedia.org. 2020. Fallingwater. [online] Available at: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallingwater> [Accessed 27 March 2020].
 Slideshare.net. 2020. An Introduction To Fundamental Architecture Concepts. [online] Available at: <https://www.slideshare.net/wweinmeyer79/an-introduction-to-
fundamental-architecture-concepts-25828722> [Accessed 27 March 2020].
 Coursehero.com. 2020. Architecture In This Respect Can Be Divided Into Four Main Types 1 The Earth. [online] Available at:
<https://www.coursehero.com/file/p4hr35b/Architecture-in-this-respect-can-be-divided-into-four-main-types-1-the-earth/> [Accessed 27 March 2020].
 Slideshare.net. 2020. Architecture Introduction-To-Humanities. [online] Available at: <https://www.slideshare.net/keppelbernil/architecture-introductiontohumanities>
[Accessed 27 March 2020].
 Farrelly, L., 2007. The Fundamentals Of Architecture. Lausanne: AVA Academia.
 Waterman, T., 2015. The Fundamentals Of Landscape Architecture. London: Bloomsbury Publishing PLC.
 Samalavičius, A., 2018. Theory of architectural proportions, judgment and lithuanian architecture. Symmetry: Culture and Science, 29(3), pp.409-422.
 The 6 Fundamentals of Architecture. 2020. [video] ArchAnime.

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