Functions of management
- 2. • Planning :- planning is a basic managerial function. it is a decision in advance, what to do, when to do, how to do and who will do a particular task. Planning is a process which involves thinking before doing. Planning is a process of looking ahead. The primary objective of the planning is to achieve better results. Process of planning involves a number of steps as gathering information, laying down objectives, developing planning premises, examining alternative courses of action, evaluation of action patterns, reviewing limitations, implementation of plans. • Organinsing :- the function of organising is to arrange, guide, co-ordinate, direct and control the activities of other factors of production like men material money and machines. To identify, classify and assign activities, delegate authority, fix responsibility, co-ordinate relationship.
- 3. • Staffing :- it is concerned with human resources of an organisation. Staffing is filling and keeping filled positions in the organisation structure through defining work force requirements, appraising, selecting, compensating and training. Staffing includes the following :- • 1 Manpower planning • 2 Recruitment, selection and training • 3 Placement of manpower • 4 Development, promotion, transfer and appraisal • 5 Determination of employee remuneration
- 4. • Directing :- directing is concerned with carrying out the desired plans. Direction is called management in action. After planning, organising and staffing, the manager has to guide and supervise his subordinates. Directing concerns the total manner in which a manager influences the actions of subordinates. It is the final action of manager in getting others to act after all preparations. The main activities involved in direction are as follows :- • 1 Leadership • 2 Communication • 3 Motivation • 4 Supervision
- 5. • Co-ordination :- every department or section is given a target to be achieved and they should concentrate only on their work and should not bother about the work of other sections. It is left to the management to see that the work of different sections or departments is going according to pre determined targets and corrective measures have to be taken if there is any deviation. Co-ordination creates a team spirit and helps in achieving goals through collective efforts. Co-operation indicates the willingness of individuals to help each other. • Controlling :- controlling can be defined as determining what is being accomplished that is evaluating the performance, if necessary, applying corrective measures so that the performance takes place according to plans. Control enables the management to take corrective actions if performance is not according to the plans. Planning is looking ahead and controlling is looking back. Control is impossible without planning and planning is meaningless with control.