Fundamentals of computer

 Today’s world is an information-rich world
and it has become a necessity for everyone
to know about computers.
 A computer is an electronic data processing
device, which accepts and stores data input,
processes the data input, and generates the
output in a required format.
 Computer is an Electronic Device. It is use to
calculate and manipulate data. If we give
any instruction to the computer it gives us
output(Result).

C – Commonly
O – Operating
M – Machine
P – Particularly
U – Used For
T – Technical
E – Educational
R - Research

 The word computer comes from the word
”compute", which means “to calculate”.
 Thereby, A computer is an electronic device
that can perform Arithmetic operations as
well as logical operations at high speed.
 A computer is an electronic device that
receives input, stores or processes the input
as per user instructions and provides output
in desired format.

 The activity of processing data using a
computer is called data processing.
 Data is raw material used as input and
information is processed data obtained as
output of data processing
For example If we read a news paper there is
lot of data is available but we want read
some particular news that is information.

 Charles Babbage, British Mathematics professor
regarded as the Father of Computers.
 He was born in England in 1792 as the son of a rich
banker.
 He began to design a "difference engine" in 1821
 It was very complicated machine for doing
calculations automatically.
 He began design of another machine "the analytical
machine", which could carry out many different types
of calculations
 His machine was too ahead of the time of
development.
 Lack of better technology Babbage could not
complete their work and passed away in 1871 before
he had completed his work.

If we look at it in a very broad sense, any
digital computer carries out the following
five functions:
 Step 1 - Takes data as input.
 Step 2 - Stores the data/instructions in its
memory and uses them as required.
 Step 3 - Processes the data and converts it
into useful information.
 Step 4 - Generates the output.
 Step 5 - Controls all the above four steps

Following are certain advantages of computers:-
High Speed
 Computer is a very fast device.
 It is capable of performing calculation of very large
amount of data.
 The computer has units of speed in microsecond,
nanosecond, and even the picoseconds.
 It can perform millions of calculations in a few seconds as
compared to man who will spend many months to perform
the same task
Accuracy
 In addition to being very fast, computers are very
accurate.
 The calculations are 100% error free.
 Computers perform all jobs with 100% accuracy provided
that the input is correct.

Storage Capability
 Memory is a very important characteristic of
computers.
 A computer has much more storage capacity than
human beings.
 It can store large amount of data.
 It can store any type of data such as images, videos,
text, audio, etc.
 Diligence Unlike human beings, a computer is free
from monotony, tiredness, and lack of concentration.
It can work continuously without any error and
boredom. It can perform repeated tasks with the
same speed and accuracy. Versatility A computer is
very flexible in performing the jobs to be done. This
machine can be used to solve the problems related to
various fields. At one instance, it may be solving a
complex scientific problem and the very next
moment it may be playing a card game. A computer is
a very versatile machine.

Fundamentals of computer

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Fundamentals of computer