Computer storage & type of storage.
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The document provides an overview of computer storage, including the definition, importance, and types of memory, such as primary (RAM and ROM) and secondary storage. It details the basic units of data storage, ranging from bits to terabytes, and explains memory hierarchy including CPU registers and cache memory. The document also discusses the distinctions between different types of ROM and secondary storage methods like magnetic and optical storage.
Computer storage & type of storage.
- 2. 2 DAFFODIL INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SUBMITTED BY Niloy Biswas (171-35-225) Tanvir Islam (171-35-239) Mahmudul Islam (171-35-218) KM Abu Saim (171-35-195) Submitted to Asma Mariam Lecturer Department of SWE Daffodil International University Date of submission July 24, 2019
- 3. CONTENTS 3 Storage Basic unit of data storage Memory hierarchy CPU register Cache memory Types of storage Primary Memory •RAM •ROM Secondary Memory •Magnetic memory •Optical storage
- 4. STORAGE 4 • Storage is required for following reason: The main memory is temporary memory. the storage is required to store data and programs permanently. The capacity is limited. The storage is required to store a large amount of data and program Computer data storage, often called storage or memory, is a technology consisting of computer components and recording media used to retain digital data. It is a core function and fundamental component of computers
- 5. BASIC UNIT OF DATA STORAGE 5 1. Bit Computer works with binary digits. These digits are in the form of 0’s and 1’s.A binary digit is called bit. One bit takes one storage location in memory. It is the smallest unit for data storage. 2. Byte A collection of eight bits is called byte. It is used to store single character.The capacity of the memory or the storage is expressed in terms ofbytes. 3. Kilobyte A kilobyte consists of 1024 bytes. It is denoted byKB. 4. Megabyte A megabyte consists of 1024 kilobytes. It is denoted byMB. 5. Gigabyte A gigabyte consists of 1024 megabytes. It is denoted byGB. 6. Terabyte A terabyte consists of 1024 gigabytes. It is denoted byTB.
- 7. CPU REGISTER 7 A processor register (CPU register) is one of a small set of data holding places that are part of the computer processor. A register may hold an instruction, a storage address, or any kind of data.
- 8. CACHE MEMORY 8 Cache memory is a small-sized type of volatile computer memory that provides high-speed data access to a processor and stores frequently used computer programs, applications and data. It is the fastest memory in a computer
- 10. PRIMARY MEMORY 10 Primary memory is computer memory that a processor or computer accesses first or directly. It allows a processor to access running execution applications and services that are temporarily stored in a specific memory location.
- 11. RAM 11 RAM (Random Access Memory) RAM is short-term memory. It’s called “random” because you can read store data randomly at any time and from any physical location. It is a temporal storage memory. • Static RAM: Static RAM is the form of RAM and made with flipflops and used for primary storage are volatile. It retains data in latch if the computer powered. SRAM is more expensive and consumes more power than DRAM. It also called cache memory. • Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM): It is another form of RAM used as Main Memory, it’s retains information in Capacitors for a short period (a few milliseconds) even though the computer powered.
- 12. ROM 12 ROM (Read Only Memory) ROM is the long-term internal memory. ROM is “Non-Volatile Memory” that retains data without the flow of electricity. • PROM(Programmable Read Only Memory): PROM stands for programmable ROM. PROMs retain their contents without the flow of electricity. PROM is also nonvolatile memory. • EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory): EPROM is pronounced ee-prom. This memory type retains its contents until it exposed to intense ultraviolet light that clears its contents, making it possible to reprogram the memory. • EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory): EEPROM can be burned (programmed) and erased by first electrical waves in a millisecond. A single byte of a data or the entire contents of device can be erased. To write or erase this memory type, you need a device called a PROM burner.
- 13. SECONDARY MEMORY 13 Secondary memory is where programs and data are kept on a long-term basis. It’s a non-volatile type memory. Magnetic memory: is the manipulation of magnetic fields on a medium in order to store audio, video or other data. Floppy Disk: Floppy disk is a soft magnetic disk. Unlike most hard disks, floppy disks are portable, because you can remove them from a disk drive.
- 14. SECONDARY MEMORY 14 Optical storage: electronic storage medium that uses low- power laser beams to record and retrieve digital (binary) data. Optical memories are used for large storage of data. CD-ROM: Short for Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, a CD-ROM is an optical disc that contains audio or software data whose memory is read-only. DVD-ROM: Digital versatile disc-read only memory (DVD-ROM) is a read-only digital versatile disc (DVD) commonly used for storing large software applications. It is like a compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM) but has a larger capacity.
- 15. PRIMARY VS SECONDARY MEMORY 15
- 16. REFERENCE 16 www.wikipedia.org searchstorage.techtarget.com www.techopedia.com www.ecomputernotes.com chortle.ccsu.edu techterms.com
- 17. ANY QUESTION? 17
- 18. THANK YOU 18