The document discusses Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), a type of generative model proposed by Ian Goodfellow in 2014. GANs use two neural networks, a generator and discriminator, that compete against each other. The generator produces synthetic data to fool the discriminator, while the discriminator learns to distinguish real from synthetic data. GANs have been used successfully to generate realistic images when trained on large datasets. Examples mentioned include Pix2Pix for image-to-image translation and STACKGAN for text-to-image generation.
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