Generations of Computer
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The document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and magnetic drums for storage. The second generation used transistors, consuming less power. The third generation used integrated circuits for smaller size. The fourth generation used microprocessors and VLSI chips for cheaper and smaller computers. The fifth generation uses ULSI technology for powerful desktops, servers, and supercomputers, along with distributed operating systems and the internet.
Generations of Computer
- 1. GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER Supervised by: Mohammad Mamunur Rashid Associate Professor (Computer Science) School of Science and Technology Bangladesh Open University Presented by: Md. Zubaer Ahammed ID: 20052801006 Dept of CSE School of Science and Technology Bangladesh Open University
- 2. FIRST GENERATION COMPUTERS (1942-55) Vacuum tube based. Large in size / bulky, not portable, expensive & reliable was low. Used magnetic drums which provide very less data storage capacity. Slow, High Power Consumption No Operating System & Used Machine Language only. Examples: ENIAC, EDVAC, EDSAC, UNIVAC I, IBM 701
- 3. SECOND GENERATION COMPUTERS (1955- 64) Transistor based replacing vacuum tubes. Smaller in size as compared to the first generation computers, better speed and could calculate data in microseconds & more reliable. Higher capacity of internal storage, consumed less energy & wider commercial use. Used Batch operating system & Assembly language instead of Machine language. Examples: Honeywell 400, IBM 7030, CDC 1604, UNIVAC LARC
- 4. THIRD GENERATION COMPUTERS (1964-75) Integrated Circuit based in place of Transistors. (A single IC has many transistors, resistors and capacitors) Semiconductor memory devices were used. Size reduced, high processing speed, accurate, reliable & increased commercial use. Time sharing operating system, use of high level language for programming. Use of mouse, keyboard for input. Examples: IBM 360/370, PDP-8, PDP-11, CDC 6600
- 5. FOURTH GENERATION COMPUTERS (1975- 1989) VLSI microprocessor based (ICs with VLSI /ULSI technology). Cheaper, Smaller, Fast processing, less power consumption, more commercial use. Multi-processing operating system with GUI and use of high level languages. Rapid software development possible. Revolution in personal computers. Examples: IBM PC, Apple-Macintosh, TRS-80, VAX 9000, CRAY-1
- 6. FIFTH GENERATION COMPUTERS (1989- PRESENT) ICs with ULSI technology (Ultra large-scale integration). Larger capacity, powerful desktop PCs, workstations, servers & super computers. Multi kernel based, multi threading, distributed OS, parallel programming libraries (like MPI and PVM) World Wide Web, Multimedia, Internet Applications Examples: IBM Notebooks, Pentium PCs, SUN Workstations, IBM SP/2
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