GEOG 100--Lecture 09--Global Climates
9 likes2,229 views
The document discusses climate classification systems. It describes how climate is determined based on temperature, moisture, vegetation/soil conditions, and atmospheric conditions. It then summarizes the Köppen climate classification system which categorizes climates into five main groups (A, B, C, D, E) based on these factors. Each group has additional subclassifications, resulting in over two dozen total climate classifications. Examples of different climate types are provided and explained.
![24 Subclassifications
of the Climate Groups
f No dry season [German feucht, or “moist”]
m Monsoon; a short dry season is opposed by heavy rains in other
months
w Winter dry season (low-sun season)
a Hot summers
b Warm summers
c Cool summers
d Very cold winters
W Desert [German wüste, or “desert”]
S Steppe (semiarid)
h Low-latitude (subtropical) dry climate [German heiss, or “hot”]
k Midlatitude dry climate [German kalt, or “cold”]
s Summer dry season (high-sun season)
T Tundra climates
F Ice cap climates (frost)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pglecture10-globalclimates-121022224446-phpapp02/85/GEOG-100-Lecture-09-Global-Climates-22-320.jpg)
GEOG 100--Lecture 09--Global Climates
- 1. Global Climates Chapter 7
- 2. Trivia of the Day
- 4. What is Climate? Climate is the condition of the lower atmosphere in a particular region on Earth that is the average of at least 30 years worth of weather conditions in that place.
- 5. How is Climate Determined?
- 6. How is Climate Determined? Climatic elements considered when determining the climate of a region: • Temperature • Moisture
- 7. How is Climate Determined? Climatic elements considered when determining the climate of a region: • Temperature • Moisture Precipitation, humidity, cloudiness, surface water, evaporation conditions • Related to temperature
- 8. How is Climate Determined? Climatic elements considered when determining the climate of a region: • Temperature • Moisture Precipitation, humidity, cloudiness, surface water, evaporation conditions • Related to temperature • Vegetation and soil conditions
- 9. How is Climate Determined? Climatic elements considered when determining the climate of a region: • Temperature • Moisture Precipitation, humidity, cloudiness, surface water, evaporation conditions • Related to temperature • Vegetation and soil conditions May be used to determine climatic conditions where unclear
- 11. Additional Conditions Considered: • Air pressure, wind, air mass movements, and global atmospheric circulations are also considered These are related to latitude, altitude, ocean circulation, topography, and spatial distribution of land and sea
- 12. Additional Conditions Considered: • Air pressure, wind, air mass movements, and global atmospheric circulations are also considered These are related to latitude, altitude, ocean circulation, topography, and spatial distribution of land and sea Also factored in:
- 13. Additional Conditions Considered: • Air pressure, wind, air mass movements, and global atmospheric circulations are also considered These are related to latitude, altitude, ocean circulation, topography, and spatial distribution of land and sea Also factored in: • Extreme weather conditions (flooding, drought, hurricanes, tornadoes, etc.)
- 14. Why do we care? Climate and vegetation influence animal habitats Climate, vegetation, and animals together provide usable resources for humans These conditions influence (but do not ultimately determine) the manner in which people may inhabit a region
- 15. Aristotle and Climate Classification
- 16. Aristotle and Climate Classification What about the Incas/Mayas/Aztecs? What about Murmansk, Russia?
- 20. (Köppen only had five original categories—the Highland classification was added later)
- 21. Characteristics of the Major Climate Groups A Tropical Humid—Avg. temp. of each month is > 64ºF (18ºC) B Dry—Evaporation exceeds precipitation C Mild Mid-Latitude—Average temperature of the coldest month is between 27ºF (-3ºC) and 64ºF (18ºC) Average temp. of the warmest month is > 50ºF (10ºC) D Severe Mid-Latitude—The warmest month is > 50ºF (10ºC) The coldest month is < 27ºF (-3ºC) E Polar—No month has an average temp. > 50ºF (10ºC)
- 22. 24 Subclassifications of the Climate Groups f No dry season [German feucht, or “moist”] m Monsoon; a short dry season is opposed by heavy rains in other months w Winter dry season (low-sun season) a Hot summers b Warm summers c Cool summers d Very cold winters W Desert [German wüste, or “desert”] S Steppe (semiarid) h Low-latitude (subtropical) dry climate [German heiss, or “hot”] k Midlatitude dry climate [German kalt, or “cold”] s Summer dry season (high-sun season) T Tundra climates F Ice cap climates (frost)
- 23. The Modified Köppen Classification System
- 24. Would you want to live here? This place exhibits a Csb climate The C = mild midlatitudes • temperatures above 50ºF (10ºC) in summer • winters are short and mild, with little frost The s = summer dry season (winter precipitation) The b = warm summer • warmest summer months below 72°F (22°C)
- 25. Would you want to live here? This place exhibits a Csb climate The C = mild midlatitudes • temperatures above 50ºF (10ºC) in summer • winters are short and mild, with little frost The s = summer dry season (winter precipitation) The b = warm summer • warmest summer months below 72°F (22°C) Welcome to the lovely Mediterranean climate of Santa Barbara, California!
- 26. Modified Köppen Climate Map
- 27. Climograph Climate classification Temperature Location Precipitation
- 29. A Climates: Tropical Humid Tropical Rain Forest Tropical Monsoon Tropical Savanna Avg. temperature of each month exceeds 64ºF (18ºC)
- 30. Typical Daily Precipitation for Tropical Rain Forest (Af) Climates
- 31. Tropical Monsoon (Am) and Tropical Savanna (Aw)
- 33. B Climates: Dry Subtropical Desert Midlatitude Desert Subtropical Steppe Midlatitude Steppe Evaporation exceeds precipitation
- 34. Influence of the Subtropical Highs on Dry (B) Climates
- 35. The Atacama Desert: A Double Whammy of Ocean Currents andTopography
- 36. BSh—Subtropical (hot) Steppe (semi-arid)
- 37. BSk—Midlatitude (cold) Steppe (semi-arid)
- 40. The Four Dry Climate Types Subtropical Subtropical Midlatitude Midlatitude (hot) Desert (hot) Steppe (cold) Desert (cold) Steppe
- 42. C Climates: Mild Midlatitude Humid Subtropical—no dry season, hot summer Humid Subtropical—dry winter, hot summer Humid Subtropical—dry winter, warm summer Marine West Coast—no dry season, warm summer Marine West Coast—no dry season, cool summer Mediterranean—dry, hot summer Mediterranean—dry, warm summer Avg. temp. of coldest month between 27ºF (-3ºC) and 64ºF (18ºC) Avg. temp. of warmest month > 50ºF (10ºC)
- 43. C Climates: Mild Midlatitude Avg. temp. of coldest month between 27ºF (-3ºC) and 64ºF (18ºC) Avg. temp. of warmest month > 50ºF (10ºC)
- 45. Csa—Mediterranean (dry, hot summer)
- 46. C-climates
- 49. D Climates: In Brief
- 50. D—Severe Midlatitude Climates Humid Continental (hot or warm summers) Subarctic (cool summers or very cold winters)
- 52. Winter In A Humid Continental Climate
- 53. D—Subarctic
- 54. Summer in Subarctic Climate Zone: Taiga (Eurasia)/Boreal Forest (Canada)
- 55. E—Polar Climates Polar—tundra Polar—ice cap
- 57. Tundra: Lowland and Alpine
- 58. E Climates—Ice Sheet/Ice Cap
- 65. Global Climate Change Please watch the following videos: Al Gore: New thinking on the climate crisis: http://www.ted.com/talks/ al_gore_s_new_thinking_on_the_climate_crisis.ht ml Al Gore warns on latest climate trends (2009): http://www.ted.com/talks/ al_gore_warns_on_latest_climate_trends.html 52
Editor's Notes
- #2: \n
- #3: \n
- #4: \n
- #5: \n
- #6: \n
- #7: \n
- #8: \n
- #9: \n
- #10: \n
- #11: \n
- #12: \n
- #13: \n
- #14: \n
- #15: \n
- #16: \n
- #17: \n
- #18: \n
- #19: \n
- #20: \n
- #21: \n
- #22: \n
- #23: \n
- #24: \n
- #25: \n
- #26: \n
- #27: \n
- #28: \n
- #29: \n
- #30: \n
- #31: \n
- #32: \n
- #33: \n
- #34: \n
- #35: \n
- #36: \n
- #37: \n
- #38: \n
- #39: \n
- #40: \n
- #41: \n
- #42: \n
- #43: \n
- #44: \n
- #45: \n
- #46: \n
- #47: \n
- #48: \n
- #49: \n
- #50: \n
- #51: \n
- #52: \n
- #53: \n
- #54: \n
- #55: \n
- #56: \n
- #57: \n
- #58: \n
- #59: \n
- #60: \n
- #61: \n
- #62: \n
- #63: \n
- #64: \n
- #65: \n
- #66: \n
- #67: \n