Geosynchronous Satellite

Geosynchronous Satellite
By
MD. Rezaul Islam
Roll: 19654
Candidate to Lecturer cum Network Engineer

Topics to be covered
1. Definitions
2. History
3. Geosynchronous & Geostationary
4. Application
5. Advantages
6. Disadvantages
7. Solutions
8. Bangabandhu - 1
9. Conclusions
10. . Questions

1. Definition of Satellite
 Artificial body
 Placed in orbit
 Rounding planet
 To collect data
 Two Types -
 Natural
 Moon
 Artificial
 Low Earth Orbit [180-200km]
 Medium Earth Orbit [2000-35786km]
 Geosynchronous orbit [35786km]
 High Earth Orbit [>35786km]

1. Def. of Geosynchronous Satellite
 Satellite that
 in geosynchronous orbit
 Synced with earth rotation period [23 h 56 m
4.09s]
 Reach same place after 1 day
 Have inclination
 Orbital path observed as number 8
 Example -
 Russian Raduga 29
 Indian Astra 1C
 Malaysian MEASAT 2

1. Geosynchronous Satellite Path

2. History
 Father of geosynchronous satellite is Harold Rosen, an engineer at
Hughes Aircraft Company
 First geosynchronous satellite Syncom 2 - launched July 26, 1963
 As of October 2018, 446 active geosynchronous satellites
 Some of which are not operational

3. Geostationary & Geosynchronous
 Special type of geosynchronous satellite
 Geosynchronous Satellite that -
 Circulating over equator
 Remains stationary relative to the Earth's surface
 Have not inclination
 Observed as stalled at fixed point
 Most communication satellite are geostationary

3. Geostationary vs
Geosynchronous Path

4. Application
 Voice communication
 Internet
 Broadcasting cable TV and radio signals
 Weather forecasting
 Communicating back and forth with spacecraft
 Hubble Space Telescope
 Space Shuttles
 Geostationary satellites gives
 Detailed info of specific region
 Act as a spy satellite!

5. Advantages
 Get high temporal resolution data.
 Tracking of satellite is simplified.
 Satellite always in same position.
 But geostationary satellites gives more
 Do not need to track such a satellite
 Less expensive than synchronous satellite
 Revolutionized global communications, broadcasting, forecasting
 Have importance at defense and intelligence applications.

6. Disadvantages
 Incomplete geographical coverage
 Satellite dishes pointed towards the horizon
 The signals blocked by land topography, vegetation or buildings
 Geostationary satellites have signal delay approximately 0.25 of a second
 Difficulty of telephone conversation
 Reduces the performance of network protocols such as TCP/IP

7. Solutions
 Special inclined path with elliptical orbits. e.g. Molniya / Orbita,
Sirius Radio satellites
 Proprietary satellite data protocols that are partial solution to the
poor performance of native TCP over satellite links.
 TCP presumes that all loss is due to congestion, not errors, and
probes link capacity with its "slow-start" algorithm

8. Bangabandhu 1
 National pride.
 1
st
BD geostationary[geosynchronous] satellite
 Located at the 119.1° East longitude geostationary
slot
 For communication & broadcasting
 40 transponder [ 26 Ku band & 14 C band]

9. Conclusions
 Satellite in geosynchronous orbit [35786km]
 Round earth within 1 day
 Ease communication [sending, receiving]
 Rounding over equator are known as geostationary.
Bangabandhu 1 is one of them!
 Observing geostationary as fixed while geosynchronous as
moving

10. Questions
 Do you have any question???

Geosynchronous Satellite

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