GIS for Comprehensive Emergency Management
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The document discusses the importance of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in emergency management, emphasizing its role in identifying vulnerabilities, planning for hazards, and supporting decision-making across the four phases of emergency management: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. It outlines how GIS technology can enhance situational awareness, streamline operations, and improve communication among emergency responders. Additionally, it highlights the capabilities of mobile GIS in facilitating real-time data updates and improving recovery efforts by providing actionable information.
GIS for Comprehensive Emergency Management
- 2. GIS for Emergency Mitigation You need to know where your vulnerabilities are before an emergency strikes. A geographic information system (GIS) gives you tools to proactively identify risks and take action. Powerful mapping and analysis capabilities help you plan ahead and be prepared. Planning and Analysis GIS technology provides the capa- bility to map and analyze hazards of all types and visualize their potential impacts. When natural or man-made hazards are fused with critical infrastructure, population densities, and other community values, vulnerabilities can be better The NOAA weather warnings and watches let the EOC know if there are any forecasts of severe weather that could understood. impact the jurisdiction. When hazards have been identified and mapped, their severity and proximity to community values drive mitigation strategies. You can begin to prioritize plans using GIS-based intelligence. GIS can help identify community values at risk to drive mitigation priorities. Hydrogen sulfide plume modeling and area of dispersion using ArcGIS.
- 3. GIS for Emergency Management Terrorist attacks; devastating natural disasters; budgetary con- GIS technology gives you the capability you need to overcome chal- straints; and a greater mandate for collaboration among local, lenges and meet mission requirements. It provides powerful yet state, and federal agencies are just a few of the challenges you easy-to-use tools for the four phases of emergency management: face today. • Mitigation Emergency management organizations are responsible for • Preparedness reducing vulnerabilities and establishing an effective response. • Response Identifying hazards, analyzing community values at risk, develop- ing mitigation and response plans, maintaining situational aware- • Recovery ness, managing resources, and supporting response and recovery GIS enables emergency management professionals to collect vast are complex responsibilities. amounts of data that can be quickly transformed into actionable information. You can reduce response times, gain comprehensive situational awareness, and improve communication. GIS Applies the Geographic Approach Integrate and Analyze Many Data Sources Coordinated Action Turn into Actionable Intelligence Creating the Common Operating Picture Share Communicate Collaborate GIS provides the capability to meet every aspect of the emergency management decision support cycle—from acquiring, analyzing, and managing disparate data to supplying coordinated action. This results in better decisions, greater efficiency, and more effective communications.
- 4. GIS for Emergency Preparedness Emergency managers face the difficult task of developing com- GIS supplies prehensive plans to prepare for all types of disasters. They are • Decision support through a GIS-based common operating picture responsible for protecting emergency staff and the public as well as property and natural resources. GIS technology builds and • The establishment of communications and collaboration enhances emergency preparedness by providing in-depth data among participating departments and agencies management, optimizing situational awareness, and supporting • Resource management for rapid deployment of emergency emergency personnel. personnel, supplies, and equipment • Access to live data feeds and geoprocessing services Data Management To achieve comprehensive preparedness, a great deal of informa- Supporting Emergency Operations and Staff tion must be gathered and maintained in advance of an event. Emergency management mobilizes services and resources to sup- port first responders. The Emergency Operations Center (EOC) ArcGIS is a flexible information platform that enables ® supports incident management operations as well as continuity • Full integration with other information systems of government operations. The staff uses GIS to support the • A standards-based architecture for true interoperability response mission at all levels by • Storage and analysis capability for all types of data • Acquiring and tracking resources from multiple locations • Accurate cataloging of GIS data and services • Providing public warnings, notifications, and general information • Evacuating affected populations and providing shelter support Situational Awareness • Maintaining incident status and damage assessment Gaining an accurate understanding of events on the ground as • Preparing maps and status reports for community leaders and an emergency unfolds is paramount to an effective response. GIS decision makers aids in quickly establishing full situational awareness by linking people, processes, and information together using geography. This vulnerability assessment was generated for a hazard mitigation plan. It is published both in paper form and as an overlay in the common operating picture. Learn more about GIS for emergency management at www.esri.com/publicsafety.
- 5. GIS for Emergency Response and Recovery Field Operations Getting accurate information from field opera- tions back to the command center can be a difficult challenge. Mobile GIS gives you the advantage you need. Field crews can easily capture data and have it instantly sent back for incorporation in the common operating picture. Commanders get a more accurate, dynamic understanding of conditions on the ground. New data can be sent to field teams so they have the best information possible for staying safe and protecting lives. Whether it’s response or recovery, mobile GIS gives you the capabil- ity you need for getting the right information, wherever it may be. Situational awareness can be obtained with this common operat- ing picture illustrating a chemical plume that identifies road closures and critical infrastructure. Recovery Operations GIS is essential for both short-term and long-term recovery. It supplies a central information repository for damage assessment. It allows you to • Collect assessment data from field personnel. • Assess impacts via a common operating picture. • Determine recovery resources from both public and private sectors. • Select the best possible locations for public assistance sites. • Build continuity plans for reestablishing government operations. • Determine alternate transportation routes. • Monitor reconstruction efforts. • Publish recovery progress maps for the public and government organizations. ArcGIS is used to display areas damaged by a tornado as well as a chemical plume from a facility.
- 6. About ESRI Our Focus Contact ESRI For four decades, ESRI has been At ESRI, we focus on promoting 1-800-GIS-XPRT (1-800-447-9778) helping people make better the value of GIS and its applications Phone: 909-793-2853 decisions through management and throughout the world and pay close Fax: 909-793-5953 analysis of geographic information. attention to our users’ needs. Our info@esri.com Our culturally diverse staff work software development and services www.esri.com with our business partners and respond to our customers with Offices worldwide hundreds of thousands of people products that are easy to use, flexible, www.esri.com/locations who use GIS to make a difference and integrated. Our technology is in our world. multidisciplinary, productive, and valuable to our users. A full-service GIS company, ESRI offers support for implementing We have a strong commitment to GIS technology from the desktop educating our customers through to enterprise-wide servers, online ESRI’s various training programs. ESRI services, and mobile devices. is a socially conscious business and GIS solutions are flexible and invests heavily in issues regarding customizable to meet the needs of education, conservation, sustainable all our users. development, and humanitarian affairs. ESRI 380 New York Street Redlands, California 92373-8100 USA Copyright © 2009 ESRI. All rights reserved. ESRI, the ESRI globe logo, ArcGIS, The Geographic Approach, @esri.com, and www.esri.com are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of ESRI in the United States, the European Community, or certain other jurisdictions. Other companies and products mentioned herein may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective trademark owners. 116432 12.5M6/09sp Printed in USA