GIS-Intro-lecture.ppt
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This document provides an overview and syllabus for an introductory course on Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It outlines that grades are based on exams and lab assignments, with exams making up 66% of the grade and labs 34%. It describes the software and hardware available for lab exercises. It defines GIS as a tool for researchers to collect, analyze, and map geographical data to solve problems. Key aspects of GIS include data input, storage, manipulation, analysis, and display in maps, tables, or graphs. It provides examples of using GIS to overlay vector maps to create new derivative data layers.
GIS-Intro-lecture.ppt
- 1. Geol 465- Intro to GIS Geographic Information Systems
- 2. Evaluation • Grades are based on two exams and completion of assignments in the lab part of the class • Midterm Exam is 22% of grade each • Final exam is 44% of grade • Labs are 34% of grade
- 3. Lab exercises • Software and hardware needed to complete lab exercises are available in this room (SC3211) • Files needed to complete the exercises are available from the textbook, from me, or from a wide range of online sources
- 4. What is GIS? • A tool to be used by researchers • System involves collected, tabulated, processed, analyzed geographical data used to solve, diagnose or prevent problems • Maps are heavily utilized – Not the only means of portraying information – Differs from a CAD* system or a CAC‡ system • Arguably more powerful due to ability to generate DERIVATIVE data sets from pre-existing data * Computer Aided Design ‡ Computer Aided Construction
- 5. Subsystems for GIS • Data input and Preprocessing – Transformation of spatial data types • E.g., from topo lines to elevation data points • Data storage and retrieval • Data manipulation and analysis – Modeling, simulations, estimates • Lloyd expressway example • Data reporting and display of information – Tabular, graph-based, or map based
- 11. Information systems Non-spatial Spatial Management systems Nongeographic Geographic Info Systems CAD/CAM* LIS Other systems *Computer Aided Manufacturing
- 12. Digital data • Has benefits over analog (non-digital) data – Photographic example – Rectification- alignment to coordinate system Unrectified Rectified
- 13. Digital data • Continuous data sets are not easily represented – Example topographic map data • Analog maps versus Digital elevation models
- 15. Same image as previous one, grid cells are shaded
- 16. Same image as previous two, just rotated to vertical
- 17. Georectified aerial and satellite photographs
- 18. Overlaying vector based maps to create derivative maps Color is attribute as is alphabetic designation
- 19. Layers of geographic information, which in turn can create new layers of data
- 21. Soils layer
- 22. Land Use Layer
- 25. Tiger file layer
- 26. Point specific layers Weather stations Point source pollution