Gothic architecture
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Gothic architecture, prominent in Europe from the mid 12th to the 16th century, is characterized by features such as ribbed vaults, flying buttresses, and pointed arches, allowing for taller structures and ample natural light through stained-glass windows. This style is exemplified in famous cathedrals like Notre Dame de Paris, which showcases the use of flying buttresses to support thinner walls. Key components such as gargoyles, ribbed vaults, and the gothic arch not only enhanced the aesthetics but also provided structural benefits, contributing to the enduring legacy of Gothic buildings.
Gothic architecture
- 2. Gothic architecture, architectural style in Europe that lasted from the mid 12th century to the 16th century, particularly a style of masonry building characterized by cavernous spaces with the expanse of walls broken up by overlaid tracery. In the 12th–13th centuries, feats of engineering permitted increasingly gigantic buildings The rib vault, flying buttress, and pointed (Gothic) arch were used as solutions to the problem of building a very tall structure while preserving as much natural light as possible. Stained-glass window panels rendered startling sun-dappled interior effects. Gothic architecture is common to most surviving cathedrals, churches and abbeys of Europe.
- 4. Add strength and stability to the structure Enables buildings to reach new heights To make it look light
- 5. Pointed Pinnacles Cathedrale Saint- Etienne de Bourges; France, Bourges
- 7. Pointed Pinnacles Duomo, Milano; Italy, Milano
- 8. The origins of the word 'gargoyle' are derived from the old French word 'gargouille' meaning throat. Gargoyles came into gothic architecture in the early 13th century and are defined as "a waterspout, projecting from an upper part of a building to throw water clear of walls or foundations." Gargoyles are frightening and intimidating sculptures - perfect for the likes of great Lords and Kings who built elaborate fortresses and castles in order to crush and intimidate the indigenous population.
- 9. Gargoyles An illustrated example of a gargoyles….
- 10. Gargoyles Notre Dame cathedral in Paris
- 11. Gargoyles Notre Dame cathedral in Paris
- 12. Stained glass windows could now take up much of the wall space, letting in light and color for a beautiful and moving effect.
- 13. Stained GlassWindow Cathedrale Saint- Etienne de Bourges; France, Bourges
- 14. Stained GlassWindow Cathedrale Saint- Etienne de Bourges; France, Bourges
- 15. Stained Glass Windows Basilique Saint-Denis; France
- 16. Rose Stained Glass Window Basilique Saint-Denis; France
- 17. The Medieval Gothic Arch was a major feature of the architecture of the Middle Ages. The Gothic architects and builders discovered the amazing strength and stability of using pointed arches. The walls of Gothic buildings could be thinner because the weight of the roof was supported by the arches rather than the walls. The use of theGothic arch gave the builders tremendous flexibility. The arch could not only support greater weights but could also span greater distances, allowing vaults to be taller and wider. Thinner walls had wider window openings which encouraged the use of stained glass and the magnificentGothic Rose Windows.
- 18. Gothic Arch Santa Maria del Pi Barcelona
- 19. Gothic Arch Cathedral, Chartres; France, Chartres
- 20. Gothic Arch Grace Cathedral , France
- 21. The reasons that the cathedrals had so many of these vaulted roofs is because the medieval builders thought that they helped reduce the risk of fire. That was really good because fires often spread and there were no fire fighters to help extinguish the fire. Also, it made the inside of the cathedral have a finished look.
- 22. GothicVault
- 23. VAULTS
- 26. BarrelVault
- 30. It serves to transmit the lateral forces pushing a wall outwards (which may arise from stone vaulted ceilings or from wind- loading on roofs) across an intervening space and ultimately down to the ground. Another application of the flying buttress is to prop up a wall which may be leaning with a danger of collapse.
- 31. Flying Buttresses Cathedral at Chartres. France
- 33. Flying Buttresses Cathedrale Saint- Etienne de Bourges; France, Bourges
- 34. SOME FAMOUS GOTHIC BUILDINGS A few cathedrals are listed below: Durham Cathedral ( 1128-1134) England A rib vaulted and a pointed arch roof Cathedral of Cefalù(1131-1471) Sicily In 1420, Portico was added between the two towers of the façade. St. Denis’ Basilica( 1135- 1140) France The flying buttresses, pointed arches and ribbed vault were used as one unit for the first time in this cathedral. Noyon Cathedral ( 1150-1231) France It is the first true Gothic Cathedral because of the heavy use of all features that came to be known as Gothic including pointed arches, flying buttresses and ribbed vaulting. Wells Cathedral ( 1174-1239) England The first building of its kind to entirely dispense with the round arches in favor of the pointed arch and is thus the very truly Gothic cathedral.
- 35. The Notre Dame de Paris The Notre Dame de Paris is one of the finest monumental buildings of French Gothic style of Architecture. It was started by Bishop Maurice De Sully in 1163 and the west towers were the last to be completed in 1250. Its length is 420 ft. X 226 ft. and has height of 226 ft. The Cathedral was to be built in the new gothic style and had to reflect Paris’s status as the capital of the kingdom France. It was the first cathedral built on a monumental scale and became the prototype for future cathedrals in France.
- 36. The Notre Dame de Paris The original plan contained double ambulatories and was on a bent axial line. The interior elevation was of four levels with an area of pillars. It has a wide nave, double aisles, transepts surrounded with chapels and western towers. The central nave is divided into number of bays with cylindrical columns of Corinthian capitals carrying pointed arches. The main doorway has a central pillar with a statue of Christ. The cathedral is crowned with a beautiful central wheel window of 10m in diameter. The frontal west façade features 3 wide portals. Above the portals is the Gallery of Kings with 28 statues of Judean Kings and higher up are the famous gargoyles and grotesques.
- 37. The Notre Dame de Paris Notre-Dame de Paris was among the first buildings in the world to use the flying buttress (arched exterior supports). The building was not originally designed to include the flying buttresses around the choir and nave but after the construction began, the thinner walls (popularized in the Gothic style) grew ever higher and stress fractures began to occur as the walls pushed outward. In response, the cathedral's architects built supports around the outside walls, and later additions continued the pattern.
- 38. Prepared by: Anant Nautiyal Dhir Dhwaj Rishabh Dev Sharma