Growth and developoment lesson 2
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The document outlines the stages of human growth and development, categorized into infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age, with specific age ranges for each stage. It discusses key physical changes, such as growth patterns and weight changes, while highlighting the interaction between maturation and learning. The document also emphasizes the importance of monitoring developmental milestones and identifying 'red flags' when these milestones are not met.
Growth and developoment lesson 2
- 1. Growth and Development Stages of Growth & Development – Lesson 2 Home science 1
- 2. Stages of Growth and Development Sr. No Stages Age Span 1 Infancy Birth to 2 years 2 Childhood Early childhood Late childhood 2 to 12 years 2 t0 6 years 6 – 12 years 3 Adolescence 12 – 19 years 4 Adulthood Early adulthood Late adulthood 19 – 65 years 19 – 40 years 40 – 65 years 5 Old age / Senior citizens From 65 years
- 3. Infancy • Birth to one year • Period of rapid growth • Males are usually heavier and taller than females at birth 3
- 4. 4 Early Childhood • One year to six years of age • Gradual loss of “baby fat” • Girls lose less fat than boys • Rapid growth but not as rapid as infancy • Quite flexible • Muscle development while at play Mid-Childhood Six to ten years of age Slower, more constant growth Improved coordination and motor functioning
- 5. Late Childhood – 6 to 12 years • Increased rate of growth • Fat deposition just prior to adolescent growth spurt • 9-10 years of age in girls • 11-12 years of age in boys Individual differences in maturation • Development of the reproductive system • Appearance of secondary sex characteristics • Breasts • Pubic Hair Redistribution of body weight • Boys - muscle tissue, body fat • Girls - slight body fat 5
- 6. Adolescence • TTwelve to Nineteen years of age • Following puberty • Ends with onset of adulthood • Obvious differences in physical growth cease with the end of adolescence
- 7. Maturation & learning • These two interact always • Growth in height is not learnt but a biological process • Speaking, walking etc depend on maturation and learning • Maturation refers to qualitative and quantitative changes that occur independent of external conditions • Learning implies experience and exercise
- 8. Physical Development It refers to the increase in weight and height and the associated changes in shape and size of the child. Weight – Aprox. birth weight – 3 kgs • Doubles by 6 months • Triples by one year • At two, - child is 12 to 14 Kgs • Growth rate thereafter is 2 Kgs / year Height – at birth 20” • At one year 10” more • At two – 35” • Growth rate thereafter is 3” – 4” / year • Body proportion – improvement • Temporary teeth 8
- 9. Physical Development 9 At Age 5 child weighs about 35 pounds and is 35-40” tall. Girls at this age are shorter and weigh less than the boys of that age.
- 10. Growth Patterns The child’s pattern of growth is in a head-to-toe direction or cephalo-caudal, and in an inward to outward pattern called proximodistal. • Ability to use muscles and bones to perform different skills • Urine and bowel movement control – 2 ½ yrs • Development moves from bigger to smaller muscles
- 11. Growth Patterns contd… • Comparison of a child’s development with the benchmark helps to determine whether developmental milestones are met. • Slight variations may be possible • Some may show reversal of the recognized order or skip some phases. • Red flag – when the developmental milestones are not met with it is called a red flag. Parents will then consult doctors or other professionals. 11
- 12. Growth and Development End of Lesson 2 12