Fire adn safety precaution ( PDF )
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The guest lecture covered three key topics: 1) Fire fighting and preventing fires by eliminating one of the three factors (fuel, heat, oxygen) needed for fire. The different types of fires and appropriate extinguishing methods were discussed. 2) Safety precautions and causes of accidents like overconfidence, not following rules, and negligence. Unsafe conditions and acts were also covered. 3) First aid methods for electrical shock, including turning off the power source, calling for help, and preventing further injury until medical assistance arrives. The importance of electrical safety precautions was emphasized.
Fire adn safety precaution ( PDF )
- 1. 2. Guest Lecture: To be organized from any ONE of the following areas 12 HRS Note: The ISTE student chapter/CCTEK/ Institution of Engineers (Student chapter)/ NSS wing/ Student club of polytechnic may be used as platform to conduct this activity. Experts / Professionals from different field/industries are invited to deliver lectures at least ONE session in a semester. The topics may be selected by the Course Coordinator/industry expert to develop required skills. At the end of this activity each student has to submit a handwritten report of 2 pages including discussion points for CIE and SEE. TOPIC :: FIRE FIGHTING / SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND FIRST AID METHODS OUR GUEST LUCTURE By: Vireshkumar G. Mathad M.Tech., (PhD) Asst. Professor, JCE, Belagavi REPORTED BY Siddarood Karavalli Reg. No. 303EE1605 Diploma in E & E Engg.
- 2. Profession Practice Lab 2017-18 Maratha Mandal Polytechnic Belagavi-590016 Page 2 Table of Contents FIRE FIGHTING .......................................................................................................................................3 I. FIRE..............................................................................................................................................3 II. PREVENTING FIRES......................................................................................................................3 II. EXTIGUISHING FIRES ...................................................................................................................3 III. TYPES OF FIRE EXTIGUISHING .................................................................................................5 SAFETY PRECAUTION.............................................................................................................................6 IV. SAFETY.........................................................................................................................................6 V. NEED FOR SAFETY .......................................................................................................................6 VI. ACCIDENTS ..............................................................................................................................6 VII. CAUSE OF ACCIDENTS .............................................................................................................6 VIII. UNSAFE CONDITIONS..............................................................................................................7 IX. UNSAFE ACTS...........................................................................................................................7 X. METHODS OF ADDRESSING ........................................................................................................7 XI. TYPES OF ACCIDENTS ..............................................................................................................7 XII. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN ELECTRICAL ....................................................................................7 XIII. SAFETY SIGNS ..........................................................................................................................9 A. PROHIBITION SIGNS ................................................................................................................9 A. MANDATORY SIGNS ................................................................................................................9 B. WARNING SIGNS .....................................................................................................................9 C. INFORMATION SIGNS..............................................................................................................9 FIRST AID METHODS............................................................................................................................10 XIV. ELECTRICAL SHOCK................................................................................................................10 XV. WHEN TO CONTACT YOUR DOCTOR.....................................................................................10 XVI. CAUTION................................................................................................................................10 XVII. Take these actions immediately while waiting for medical help:.........................................10 THE KEY MASSAGES ARE FROM ME….. .................................................................................11
- 3. Profession Practice Lab 2017-18 Maratha Mandal Polytechnic Belagavi-590016 Page 3 FIRE FIGHTING I. FIRE Fire is the burning of combination material. A fire in an unwanted place and on an unwanted occasion and in uncontrollable quantity can cause damage or destroy property and materials. It might injure people and some-times cause loss of life as well. When a fire outbreak is discovered, it must be controlled and extinguished by immediate corrective action. Is it possible to prevent fire? Yes, fire can be prevented by eliminating anyone of the three factors that causes fire. The following are the three factors must be present in fire as shown in fig. a. II. PREVENTING FIRES fig. a The majority of fires begin with small outbreaks which burn unnoticed until they have a secure hold. Most fires could be prevented with more care and y following some simple common sense rules. The cause of fire in electrical equipment is misuse or neglect. Loose connection, wrongly rated fuses, overloaded circuits causes overheating which may in turn lead to a fire. Damage to insulation between conductors in cables causes fire. II. EXTIGUISHING FIRES Fires are classification into four types in terms of the nature of fuel. Different types of fire have to be dealt with on different ways and with different extinguisher agents.
- 4. Profession Practice Lab 2017-18 Maratha Mandal Polytechnic Belagavi-590016 Page 4 FUEL EXTINGUISHING Most effective i.e. Cooling with water. Jets of water should be sprayed on the base of the fire and then gradually upwards. Should be smothered. The aim is to cover the entire surface of the burning liquid. This has the effect of cutting off the supply of oxygen to the fire. Water should never be used on burning liquid. Foam, dry powder or CO2 may be used on this type of fire. Extreme caution is necessary n dealing with liquefied gases. There is a risk of explosion and sudden outbreak of dire in the entire vicinity. Dry powder extinguisher are used on this type of fire. Fire on electrical equipment. Holon, carbon dioxide, dry powder and vaporizing liquid (CTC) extinguisher can be used to deal with fires in electrical equipment. Foam or liquid (water) extinguisher must not be used on electrical equipment.
- 5. Profession Practice Lab 2017-18 Maratha Mandal Polytechnic Belagavi-590016 Page 5 III. TYPES OF FIRE EXTIGUISHING 1) Water 2) Foam 3) CO2 4) Dry chemicals
- 6. Profession Practice Lab 2017-18 Maratha Mandal Polytechnic Belagavi-590016 Page 6 SAFETY PRECAUTION IV. SAFETY The state of being safe, freedom from danger or hazard/ freedom from injury and illness. Or Freedom from those condition that can cause injury to persons including death or damage to property or Environment. V. NEED FOR SAFETY a. Protection to human beings from danger. b. Protection to property. c. Protection to Environment. VI. ACCIDENTS It is unwanted and event which may cause injury to the person and damage to the property. VII. CAUSE OF ACCIDENTS Over confidence Not wearing PPE Not fallowing the safety rules Illness Worries Lack of concentration Fatigue Urgency Negligence Carelessness Ignorance Negligence
- 7. Profession Practice Lab 2017-18 Maratha Mandal Polytechnic Belagavi-590016 Page 7 VIII. UNSAFE CONDITIONS Moving equipment’s without guard Defective machines and equipment’s Unsafe design or construction Hazardous works arrangement Improper ventilation / lighting Improper working condition or position Poor house keeping. IX. UNSAFE ACTS Operating or working at unsafe speed Operating without authority Making safety devices inoperative Working on moving equipment’s Distraction, teasing, abusing and starting etc Failure PPE is used X. METHODS OF ADDRESSING Step – 1 : Hazard identification Step _ 2 : Risk assembling Step _ 3 : Control risk XI. TYPES OF ACCIDENTS 1. First aid 2. Minor injury 3. Major injury XII. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN ELECTRICAL
- 8. Profession Practice Lab 2017-18 Maratha Mandal Polytechnic Belagavi-590016 Page 8 1. DON'T plug a bunch of stuff into one outlet or extension cord. It could damage the electrical system in your house or even cause a fire. 2. DO ask grown-ups to put safety caps on all unused electrical outlets. Covering outlets will also help save energy by stopping cold drafts. 3. DON’T yank an electrical cord from the wall. Pulling on a cord can damage the appliance, the plug or the outlet. 4. DO make sure all electric cords are tucked away, neat and tidy. Pets might chew on electrical cords, and people might trip and fall. 5. DO ask a grown-up for help when you need to use something that uses electricity. 6. DO look up and look out for power lines before you climb a tree. The electricity can go right through the tree branch - and right through you! 7. DON'T ever climb the fence around an electrical substation. If a ball or pet gets inside the fence, ask a grown-up to call the electric company - they'll come and get it out for you. 8. DO remind your mom or dad to watch out for power lines when they're using a ladder, chainsaw or other outdoor equipment. 9. DO keep electrical stuff far away from water. Most electrical accidents around the house happen when people use electricity near water. 10. DON’T fly a kite near power lines. The kite and the string may conduct electricity – sending it right through you to the ground.
- 9. Profession Practice Lab 2017-18 Maratha Mandal Polytechnic Belagavi-590016 Page 9 XIII. SAFETY SIGNS The four basic categories of signs are as fallows. 1. Prohibition signs 2. Mandatory signs 3. Warning signs 4. Information signs A. PROHIBITION SIGNS A. MANDATORY SIGNS B. WARNING SIGNS C. INFORMATION SIGNS
- 10. Profession Practice Lab 2017-18 Maratha Mandal Polytechnic Belagavi-590016 Page 10 FIRST AID METHODS XIV. ELECTRICAL SHOCK The danger from an electrical shock depends on the type of current, how high the voltage is, how the current traveled through the body, the person's overall health and how quickly the person is treated. An electrical shock may cause burns, or it may leave no visible mark on the skin. In either case, an electrical current passing through the body can cause internal damage, cardiac arrest or other injury. Under certain circumstances, even a small amount of electricity can be fatal. XV. WHEN TO CONTACT YOUR DOCTOR A person who has been injured by contact with electricity should be seen by a doctor. XVI. CAUTION Don't touch the injured person if he or she is still in contact with the electrical current. Call 911 or your local emergency number if the source of the burn is a high- voltage wire or lightning. Don't get near high-voltage wires until the power is turned off. Overhead power lines usually aren't insulated. Stay at least 20 feet (about 6 meters) away — farther if wires are jumping and sparking. Don't move a person with an electrical injury unless he or she is in immediate danger. XVII.Take these actions immediately while waiting for medical help: Turn off the source of electricity, if possible. If not, move the source away from you and the person, using a dry, non-conducting object made of cardboard, plastic or wood. Begin CPR if the person shows no signs of circulation, such as breathing, coughing or movement.
- 11. Profession Practice Lab 2017-18 Maratha Mandal Polytechnic Belagavi-590016 Page 11 Try to prevent the injured person from becoming chilled. Apply a bandage. Cover any burned areas with a sterile gauze bandage, if available, or a clean cloth. Don't use a blanket or towel, because loose fibers can stick to the burns. THE KEY MASSAGES ARE FROM ME….. The risk of electric shock from correctly installed and maintained power sources is negligible, provided that sensible precautions are taken by the operator and correct work procedures are followed Ensure that the right person is carrying out electrical work – licensed versus competent Electricity is essential but, improperly used, it can be DEADLY! To STAY ALIVE, you have to STAY ALERT………………