Guidance and supervision
- 3. INTRODUCTION Guidance and counseling have, in all places, been a vital aspect of higher education. One of the purpose of education is to help the individual in becoming a useful member of society.
- 5. DEFINITION OF GUIDANCE According to EMERY STOOPS, “Guidance is continuous processes of helping the individual develop to the maximus of their capacity in the direction most beneficial to himself and to society.”
- 6. According to SKINNER, “Guidance is a process of helping young persons learns to adjust to self, to others and to circumstances.”.
- 7. ELEMENTS OF GUIDANCE Guidance focuses on attention on the individual and not the problem. Its leads to the discovery of abilities of individual. It is based upon the limitations of an individual.
- 8. It leads to self-development and self direction. It help the individual to plan wisely for the present and future. It assists the individual to become adjusted to the environment. It assists ti achieve success and happiness.
- 9. CHARACTERISTICS OF GUIDANCE Guidance is a process, it helps every individual to help himself. Guidance is a continous process. Guidance is assistance to the individual in the process of development rather than a direction of that development. Guidance is bith generalized and a specialized service.
- 10. PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE Guidance services which are aimed at bringing about desirable adjustment. Guidance service should not be limited. Guidance touches every phase of individual’s life pattern Guidance service should be flexible.
- 11. Guidance is a slow process. Guidance is developing the insights of an individual. Guidance is universal and meant for all. Guidance is based on educational objective.
- 13. NEEDS OF GUIDANCE Complex nature of society. Individual difference. Welfare state and the individual. Changed industrial and educational pattern of the country. Changed economic patterns of the country. Conservation of human energy.
- 15. INTRODUCTION Supervision is one of the very important elements and essential component of staffing. Supervision involves the management, direction and leadership of employees. It operates in all function of administration, i.e, planning, organizing, leading, educating and staffing.
- 16. MEANING OF SUPERVISION The word supervision is derived from two latin words, ‘SUPER’ means ‘ABOVE’ and ‘VISION’ means ‘SEE’, meaning overseeing or superintending the work of others. Supervision has been defined as ‘overseeing’, as higher vision.
- 17. DEFINITION OF SUPERVISION According to TERRY, “ The supervision is observing the subordinates at work to ensure that they are working according to plans and policies of the organization and to help them solving the problems.”
- 18. According to DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH- 1993, “ Supervision is the central to the process of learning and to the scope of professional practice and should be seen as a means of encouraging self assessment and analytical and reflective skills.”
- 19. OBJECTIVES OF SUPERVISION There are two types of objectives: 1. Main objective 2. Specific objective
- 20. MAIN OBJECTIVES To see that a particular work or a task is being done in the expected manner. To promote continuing improvement in the performance of nurses.
- 21. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES To motivate the staff. To guide the individual. To promote team work. To evaluate the quality of nursing care.
- 22. PURPOSES OF SUPERVISION Getting the work done in an organization. Observing, assessing, checking and amending. Improvement of staff efforts individually and collectively. Self direction. Sense of security and confidence. Help in solving problem. Tram work.
- 24. PRINCIPLES OF SUPERVISION The subordinates must always understand clearly what is expected of them. It should be focused on attainment of the goal. It strives to make nursing unit a good learning situation and consider supervision as a teaching learning process.
- 25. It should be well planned. It fosters the ability of each staff. They should be helped to set up and attain objectives. It should ensure staff development.
- 26. TIPS FOR EFFECTIVE SUPERVISION Don’t over burden a staff. Don’t exert undue pressure. Give autonomy to staff depending upon personality. Provide good leadership.
- 27. Ensure good planning, organizing and coordination. Encourage staff in decision making. Understand situation and the problem. Motivate the subordinates. Provide necessary counselling, guidance and training to staff.
- 28. STEPS FOR SUPERVISION PREPARATION • Having knowledge regarding relevant problem. • Assess the performance of individual. • Study the hospital policy, routine, rules regulation, etc • All activities and task should be supervisied. • Prepare checklist for observation. AUTUAL SUPERVISIN • Establish contact with subordinates, clients and other team members. • Review the objectives with subordinates. • Review job description. • Observe nursing staff. • Observe the performances of the staff in all tasks. • Reporting to health team. FOLLOW UP OF SUPERVISIO N • Prepare a repot of observing made during supervision. • Plan for follow up actins.
- 29. QUALITIES OF A GOOD SUPERVISION INTERPERSONAL SKILLS PROFESSIONALAND TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE THOROUGHNESS FAIRNESS EMOTIONALLY MATURE TEACHING ABILITIES GENERAL OUTLOOK POSITIVE ATTITUDE
- 30. CATEGORIES OF SUPERVISION CLINICAL SUPERVISION MANAGERIAL SUPERVISION PROFESSIONAL SUPERVISION PERSONAL SUPERVISION It is about maintaining an effective balance between the various demand on the heath care practitioners. It is focus on balancing a weekly workload, administrative procedures, meetings, planning, etc This links in which staff interpersonal issues, job pressure, motivation, team issues. This is a type of supervision where by the nurse supervisor reflects her role as a professional.