Hard Disk
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This document discusses the components and operation of hard disk drives. It describes how hard disks store data using longitudinal or perpendicular magnetic recording. The key components of a hard disk drive are platters, read/write heads, cylinders, and a spindle. Platters are coated disks that store data magnetically. Read/write heads barely touch the platter surface to read and write data. Cylinders refer to vertical sections of tracks that pass through all platters. The spindle holds the platters and rotates them at high speeds during operation.
Hard Disk
- 2. By Mirza Danial Masood BS(IT) Department, U.O.S M.B.Din
- 3. Hard Disk It is a storage device that used magnetically platters to store data, instruction and information. The Desktop and notebook computer contains 1 or more hard disks. It have storage capacity from 40 GB to 1.5 TB and more. A Hard Disk that is mounted inside the system unit sometimes is called fixed-disk.
- 4. Hard Disk A Hard Disk which can remove the medium from one computer and carry it to another computer is called Portable-disk. Hard Disk store data by two ways: Longitudinal Recording . Perpendicular Recording .
- 5. Longitudinal Recording Hard disks stored data using, longitudinal recording , which aligned the magnetic particles horizontally around the surface of the disk.
- 6. Perpendicular Recording Hard disks stored data using, perpendicular recording , which aligned the magnetic particles vertically or perpendicular around the surface of the disk .
- 7. Components of Hard Disk These are some components of hard disk : Platters . Disk case. Read/Write Head . Cylinder . Spindle . Disk cache .
- 8. Components of Hard Disk Platter : It is a circular, metal disk that is mounted inside a hard disk drive. It is made of aluminum, glass, or ceramic and is coated with an alloy material that allows items to be recorded magnetically on its surface. Before writing data , the hard disk must be formatted .
- 9. Components of Hard Disk The process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors , so that the operating system can store and locate data and information on the disk is called Formatting . A narrow recording band that forms a full circle on the surface of the disk is called Track. The disk’s storage locations consist of pie- shaped sections, which break the racks into small arcs called sectors .
- 10. Components of Hard Disk The smallest unit of disk space that stores data and information is called Cluster .
- 11. Components of Hard Disk Disk Case : The rectangular shaped disk case holds all of the components of a hard disk drive . Read/Write Head : A read/write head is the mechanism that reads items and writes items in the drive as it barely touches the disk’s recording surface .
- 12. Components of Hard Disk Cylinder :A cylinder is the vertical section of a track that passes through all platters .
- 13. Components of Hard Disk
- 14. Components of Hard Disk Spindle : The spindle holds the platters together and the motor rotates the platters at their designated speed, which is measured in RPM. The platters in the hard disk rotate at a high rate of speed. This spinning, which usually is 5,400 to 15,000 revolutions per minute (rpm) .
- 15. Components of Hard Disk Disk cache : sometimes called a buffer, consists of a memory chip(s) on a hard disk that stores frequently accessed items such as data, instructions, and information .
- 16. Head Crash A head crash occurs when a read/write head touches the surface of a platter, usually resulting in a loss of data or sometimes loss of the entire disk. Dirt, hair, dust, smoke, and other particles could cause the hard disk to have a head crash .