Hazard controls PPE
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This document provides information on personal protective equipment (PPE). It discusses the limitations of PPE, hazard assessments, characteristics of different types of PPE including protective clothing, gloves, eyewear and respirators. It also covers PPE training requirements and exercises for evaluating PPE needs for specific work activities.
![Respirator Fit Testing
• Qualitative
– Irritant smoke
• stannic chloride
– Isoamyl acetate
• banana oilbanana oil
– Saccharin
– Bitrex
• Quantitative
– Portacount
Respirator Fit Test
Positive / Negative pressure fit test
Supplied Air
• Supplies breathing air to worker
– SCBA
– Airline
• Must use Grade D Air
• Many limitations
Breathing Air Quality and Use
• Compressed breathing air must be at least
Type 1 - Grade D [ANSI/CGA G-7.1-1989]:
– Oxygen content = 19.5 - 23.5%
– Hydrocarbon (condensed) = 5 milligrams/cubic meter or
lessless
– CO 10 parts per million (ppm) or less
– CO2 of 1,000 parts per million (ppm) or less
– Lack of noticeable odor
• Compressors may be equipped with in-line
air-purifying sorbent beds and filters.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/hazardcontrolsppelev-190517072756/85/Hazard-controls-PPE-9-320.jpg)
![Branch
Local Exhaust Ventilation
Air Cleaning
System
Fan
Discharge
53
Dip Tank
Capture Hood
Fan
Local Exhaust Ventilation
Volumetric Flow Rate, Q = VA [Circular Opening]
Q = Volumetric flow rate, in cubic meters/second
V = Average velocity, in meters/second
A = Cross-sectional area in square meters
Local Exhaust Ventilation
Duct diameter = 1 meter
V = 600 meters/second
What is Q?
Duct diameter = 0.5 meter
What is the duct velocity (V)?
For circular ducts
Q = VA
Q = (600 m/s)([1m]2/4)
Q = 471 meters3/second
Q = VA
471 meters3/s = V ([0.5m]2/4)
V = 2400 meters/second
A = d2/4
Air
Local Exhaust Ventilation
D = DUCT DIAMETER
vfaceJET 30 Duct Diameters
Air
Duct
Capture of
contaminant is only
effective within one
(1) duct diameter](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/hazardcontrolsppelev-190517072756/85/Hazard-controls-PPE-14-320.jpg)
![ACGIH Ventilation Manual
x
vcapture
vface
Local Exhaust Ventilation
Capture Velocity (V) : [Plain Opening]
Q = V (10x2 + A)
X = distance of source from hood face
Recommended Capture Velocities
CONDITION EXAMPLES
CAPTURE VELOCITY
Range in
meters/second
No velocity,
Quiet air
Evaporation from tanks,
degreasers
0.25 – 0.5
ACGIH Ventilation Manual
Low velocity, moderately
still air
Spray booths, container
filling, welding, plating
0.5 – 1.0
Active generation into
rapid air motion
Spray painting (shallow
booths), crushers
1.0 – 2.5
High initial velocity into
very rapid air motion
Grinding, abrasive
blasting, tumbling
2.5 – 10.1
Recommended Duct Velocities
CONTAMINANT EXAMPLES
DUCT VELOCITY
Meters/second
Vapors, gases, smoke Vapors, gases, smoke 5.0 – 10.1
Fumes Welding 10.1 – 12.7
Very fine dust Cotton lint 12 7 15 2Very fine dust Cotton lint 12.7 – 15.2
Dry dusts & powders Cotton dust 15.2 – 20.3
Industrial dust Grinding dust, limestone
dust
17.8 – 20.3
Heavy dust Sawdust, metal turnings 20.3 – 22.9
Heavy/moist dusts Lead dusts, cement dust > 22.9
ACGIH Ventilation Manual](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/hazardcontrolsppelev-190517072756/85/Hazard-controls-PPE-15-320.jpg)
Hazard controls PPE
- 1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) SAND No. 2009-8395P Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Limitations of PPE • Hazard assessment • Training Ch t i ti f PPE• Characteristics of PPE • Protective clothing • Gloves • Eyewear • Respirators • Exercise Limitations of PPE • The least desirable control, but may be necessary if: – Engineering controls are being installed – Emergency response/spill cleanup – Non-routine equipment maintenanceNon routine equipment maintenance – To supplement other control methods • Problems with PPE: – The hazard is still present with PPE – Use is very dependent on human behavior – Proper fitting is essential • Can exposure be controlled by other means? PPE Hazard Assessment • Identify the hazard(s) – Chemical – Mechanical – Electrical – Light energy (lasersLight energy (lasers, welding) – Fire response – Hot processes • Identify the potential exposure route – Inhalation – Skin contact – Eye contact
- 2. PPE Hazard Assessment • Identify the type of skin contact – Immersion – Spray – Splashp – Mist – Vapor (gaseous) • Consider the exposure time – Incidental contact – Continuous immersion – Unknown/emergency response Exercise • List one work activity at your plant that uses PPE • What is the hazard? • What is the route of exposure? Inhalation, skin, eyes, or ? • Are there ways to control exposure to this hazard other than PPE? – What other ways? Training Employees should be trained to know: • When PPE is necessary • What PPE is necessary • How to properly don, doff,o to p ope y do , do , adjust and wear PPE • Limitations of PPE • Proper care, maintenance, useful life and disposal • Involve workers in selection http://www.free-training.com/OSHA/ppe/Ppemenu.htm Training Retraining is necessary when there is: • A change in the hazards • A change in the type of PPE requiredPPE required • Inadequate employee knowledge or use of PPE http://www.free-training.com/OSHA/ppe/Ppemenu.htm
- 3. General Characteristics of PPE Protective clothing and gloves: • Act as a barrier to prevent contact with the skin • Protect against – Toxics – Corrosives – Irritants – Sensitizers (allergens) – Thermal injury (burns) – Physical Trauma General Characteristics of PPE Protective clothing and gloves • When selecting consider: – Permeation • Breakthrough time ASTM F739 Standard• ASTM F739 Standard – Penetration – Degradation – Comfort – Heat stress – Ergonomics – Cost Photo credit: Permeation, http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/skin/ Permeation Rate (PR) Permeation Breakthrough (PB) Permeation Degradation rate (DR) E- Excellent; permeation rate of less than 0.9 mg/cm2/min >Greater than (time - minutes) E - Excellent; fluid has very little degrading effect. VG - Very Good; permeation rate of less than 9 mg/cm2/min < Less than (time - minutes) G - Good; fluid has minor degrading effect. G - Good; permeation rate of less than 90 mg/cm2/min F - Fair; fluid has moderate degrading effect. F F i ti t f l P P fl id h dF - Fair; permeation rate of less than 900 mg/cm2/min P - Poor; fluid has pronounced degrading effect. P - Poor; permeation rate of less than 9000 mg/cm2/min NR - Fluid is not recommended with this material. NR - Not recommended; permeation rate greater than 9000 mg/cm2/min † Not tested, but breakthrough time > 480 min DR expected to be Good to Excellent †† Not tested, but expected to be Good to Excellent based on similar tested materials Protective Clothing • Special Applications – Hot processes – High voltage/arc flash • NFPA 70E F d i / lt t l– Foundries/molten metal – Refineries • Select flame resistant clothing • Chemical resistant coating may be added to flame resistant clothing
- 4. Gloves • Evaluate the work task Chemical immersion or incidental contact? Consider ergonomics/dexterity required • Use glove charts Charts recommend gloves for specific chemicals Charts recommend gloves for specific chemicals o Evaluate permeation rates and breakthrough time of selected glove for the specific task Consider several glove manufactures data before final selection. o http://www.mapaglove.com o http://www.ansellpro.com o http://www.bestglove.com/site/chemrest/ Gloves Laminated Gloves:4H®,Silver Shield® • Useful for a wide range of chemicals. NOT HYDROGEN FLUORIDE! • Can use with a nitrile over glove to General Types of Glove Material improve dexterity. Butyl Rubber • Highest permeation resistance to gas or water vapors. • Uses: acids, formaldehyde, phenol, alcohols. Neoprene • Protects against acids, caustics. • Resists alcohols, glycols. Nitrile • Good replacement for latex Types of Gloves • Good replacement for latex • Protects against acids, bases, oils, aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents and esters, grease, fats • NOT ketones • Resists cuts, snags, punctures and abrasions
- 5. Latex Allergy Proper Steps for Removing Gloves 1 2 3 4 5 6 Eye and Face Protection • Each day, 2000 U.S. workers have a job-related eye injury that requires medical treatmenttreatment. • Nearly three out of five U.S. workers are injured while failing to wear eye and face protection. NIOSH. (2010). http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/eye/ Types of Eye Hazards Hazard Type Common related tasks Protective Eyewear Impact Chipping, grinding, machining, abrasive blasting, sawing, drilling, riveting, sanding,… Safety glasses with sideshields Goggles Heat Furnace operations, smelting, pouring, casting, hot dipping, welding Face shield with infrared protection welding, … Chemicals Pouring, spraying, transferring, dipping acids, solvents or other injurious chemicals Goggles Faceshield Particles/ Dust Woodworking, metal working, and general dusty conditions Safety glasses with sideshields Optical Radiation Welding, torch-cutting, brazing, and laser work Welding helmet Laser glasses -Must protect for specific wavelength of ultraviolet or infrared radiation.
- 6. Examples of Eye & Face Protection • Goggles • Face shield • Safety glasses • Welding helmet • Hooded faceshield Respiratory Protection U.S. Respirator Requirements • Written program • Hazard assessment • Air monitoring • Medical clearance • Fit testing • Respirator selection • Procedures • Cleaning, maintenance, repairing • Training (annual refresher) Basic Types of Respirators • Air purifying (APR) – Half Face – Full Face – Powered APR (PAPR) • Air supplypp y – Air line – SCBA Air Purifying Respirators (APR) • Work area must have at least 19.5% oxygen • The contaminant must have adequate warning properties. Ex. ammonia – Never use APR in oxygen deficient atmospheres • APRs work by filtering absorbing adsorbing the• APRs work by filtering, absorbing, adsorbing the contaminant or chemical reaction. – Filters, cartridges, canisters • The contaminant concentration must NOT exceed the maximum use concentration. • Some cartridges have “end of service life” indicators or can use change schedules
- 7. Types of APR Cartridges Cartridge Description Organic Vapor Organic Vapor and acid gases Ammonia, methylamine and P100 particulates filter End of Service Life Indicators (ESLI) There are very few NIOSH-approved ESLI’s: – ammonia – carbon monoxide – ethylene oxidey – hydrogen chloride – hydrogen fluoride – hydrogen sulfide – mercury – sulfur dioxide – toluene-2,4-diisocyanate – vinyl chloride APR Filter Efficiency National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Filter Efficiencies Filter Class N95 Filters at least 95% of airborne particles. Not resistant to oil. N99 Filters at least 99% of airborne particles. Not resistant to oil. N100 Filters at least 99.97% of airborne particles. Not resistant to oil. R95 Filters at least 95% of airborne particles. Somewhat resistant to oil. P95 Filters at least 95% of airborne particles. Strongly resistant to oil. P99 Filters at least 99% of airborne particles. Strongly resistant to oil. P100 Filters at least 99.97% of airborne particles. Strongly resistant to oil Assigned Protection Factors (APF) • Level of workplace respiratory protection that a respirator or class of respirators is expected to provide. • Each specific type of respirator has an Assigned Protection Factor (APF). • Select respirator based on the exposure limit of a contaminant and the level in the workplace. Maximum Use Concentration (MUC) = APF x Occupational Exposure Limit (e.g. PEL, TLV)
- 8. Assigned Protection Factors Type of Respirator Half Face Mask Full Facepiece Helmet/ Hood Loose-Fitting Facepiece Air-Purifying 10 50 - - PAPR 50 1,000 25/1,000 25 Supplied-Air or Airline – Demand – Continuous flow – Pressure demand 10 50 50 50 1,000 1,000 - 25/1000 - - 25 - SCBA – Demand – Pressure Demand 10 - 50 10,000 50 10,000 - - Assigned Protection Factors Workplace air sampling indicates the exposure to benzene is 15 ppm. The exposure limit is 0.5 ppm (ACGIH TLV). What respirator should you choose? Maximum Use Concentration (MUC) = APF x OEL Half Face Mask: MUC = 10 x 0.5 ppm = 5 ppm PAPR (LFF): MUC = 25 x 0.5 ppm = 12.5 ppm Full Face Respirator: MUC = 50 x 0.5 ppm = 25 ppm Filtering Facepieces Filtering Facepiece Use
- 9. Respirator Fit Testing • Qualitative – Irritant smoke • stannic chloride – Isoamyl acetate • banana oilbanana oil – Saccharin – Bitrex • Quantitative – Portacount Respirator Fit Test Positive / Negative pressure fit test Supplied Air • Supplies breathing air to worker – SCBA – Airline • Must use Grade D Air • Many limitations Breathing Air Quality and Use • Compressed breathing air must be at least Type 1 - Grade D [ANSI/CGA G-7.1-1989]: – Oxygen content = 19.5 - 23.5% – Hydrocarbon (condensed) = 5 milligrams/cubic meter or lessless – CO 10 parts per million (ppm) or less – CO2 of 1,000 parts per million (ppm) or less – Lack of noticeable odor • Compressors may be equipped with in-line air-purifying sorbent beds and filters.
- 10. Maintenance and Storage Procedures • Disposable filtering face-piece: – Dispose after use • Air purifying respirators: – Discard cartridges based on expiration date, end-of- service life indicator or calculated service life – Clean – Dry – Place in sealable bag (write your name on bag) – Contact Safety Office for repairs • SCBA: – Inspected monthly – Accessible and clearly marked Exercise • A contractor has been hired to sweep out a work area that contains lead dust. The plant safety officer has recommended that the worker don a full-face air purifying respirator with a HEPA filter (P100) during this activity.( ) g y • Later that week the plant safety officer observes the worker sweeping without wearing the respirator. When asked why he is not wearing the respirator, the worker states “it is too uncomfortable to wear.” • What approach should the safety officer take to ensure the worker wears a respirator? PPE Exercise • Worker A needs to transfer 10 liters of acetone into a hazardous waste drum. • The safety officer has determined that due to the use of ventilation, the air concentration of acetone is below the exposure limitacetone is below the exposure limit. • The worker may have incidental skin contact with the acetone during pouring. • Prolonged skin exposure to acetone causes dry and cracked skin, but acetone is not normally absorbed through the skin. • There is also a possibility that the acetone may splash in the worker’s face during pouring. PPE Exercise • Worker B is walking back from the break room when he notices a yellow cloud of chlorine coming towards him from the chlorine storage area. He also notices that some of the chlorine has come into contact with water under one of the tanks and formed chlorine hydrate. • He alerts the emergency response team who arrive at the emergency staging area. – Chlorine is a corrosive and toxic gas by inhalation. – Chlorine hydrate is corrosive to the skin and eyes. – The airborne concentration of chlorine is unknown in this situation. What PPE should the emergency response team use?
- 11. PPE Exercise • Worker C is tasked with adding zinc oxide pigment into a mixing bath by hand. • This task will take 15 minutes. • Worker C performs this task once every day. • The safety officer has determined that the• The safety officer has determined that the airborne concentration during this task is 20 milligrams/cubic meter. • The short term exposure limit (15 minutes) for zinc oxide is 10 milligrams/cubic meter . • Zinc oxide powder is mildly irritating to the skin and eyes, but not toxic or corrosive. What PPE should Worker C wear? Industrial Ventilation SAND No. 2009-8395P Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Industrial Ventilation • Definitions • Common Terminology • Purpose • Hazard Assessment • General Ventilation • Local Exhaust Ventilation • Ventilation Evaluation • Troubleshooting • Exercises American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Ventilation Manual 27th Edition http://www.acgih.org/store/ProductDetail.cfm?id=1905 Definitions • Heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC):refers to the distribution system for heating, ventilating, cooling, dehumidifying and cleansing air. • Replacement/Supply air: refers to replacement air for HVAC and local exhaust ventilation. • General ventilation: refers to ventilation that controls the air environment by removing and replacing contaminated air before chemical concentrations reach unacceptable levels. • Local exhaust ventilation (LEV): refers to systems designed to enclose, or capture and remove contaminated air at the source.
- 12. Common Terminology Q = volume of air in cubic meters V = velocity of air in meters per second – Duct velocity-velocity required to transport the contaminant Face velocity velocity on the front of an enclosing hood– Face velocity-velocity on the front of an enclosing hood – Capture velocity-velocity required to capture contaminant at point of generation A = cross sectional area of hood opening in square meters X = distance of ventilation from the source in meters Purposes of Industrial Ventilation • Protect workers from health hazards – Dilute, capture, or contain contaminants • Protect workers from• Protect workers from hot processes – Ovens, foundries • Protect the product – Semiconductor – Electronics – Pharmaceuticals Slot Hood Canopy Hood Laboratory Fume Hood Purposes of Industrial Ventilation • Emergency ventilation – Standalone fans – Detectors connected to ventilation or scrubber systemsy – Safe room • Positive pressure • Enclosed vented rooms or cabinets – Gas cabinets • Comply with health and safety regulations Photo credit: Advanced Specialty Gas Equipment Photo credit: Emergency Responder Products Hazard Assessment • What are the airborne contaminants? – Particles – Solvent vapors – Acid mists – Metal fumes • How do to the workers interact with the source contaminant? • Are workers exposed to air contaminants in concentrations over an exposure limit? *Requires air monitoring of the task • Dilution or local exhaust ventilation? Picture Credit : International Labor Organization
- 13. General Ventilation • Natural Ventilation: – Useful for hot processes – Chimney effect Windows and doors kept open– Windows and doors kept open • Example: a warehouse opens the windows to create natural ventilation Q = 0.2 AV A = square meters (area of open doors) V = wind speed in kilometers/hour Q = estimates the flow rate through the building (m/s) General Ventilation Dilution Ventilation •Heat control •Dilution of odors, flammables •Not for control of toxics Principles •Contaminant emissions must be widely dispersed •Exhaust openings must be near contaminant source •The worker must not be downstream of contaminant •Air flow over worker should not exceed 3.5 meters/sec General Ventilation Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) • Use when contaminant concentration cannot be controlled by dilution ventilation or other controls • Select the type of LEV from hazard assessment – Which type is best to capture the contaminant? • Enclosed or capture hood? • Consider worker’s needs – What duct transport velocity is required to carry the contaminant? Heavy particles? – What face or capture velocity is required? • Select duct material for the contaminant • Ensure enough replacement air/adequate fan size
- 14. Branch Local Exhaust Ventilation Air Cleaning System Fan Discharge 53 Dip Tank Capture Hood Fan Local Exhaust Ventilation Volumetric Flow Rate, Q = VA [Circular Opening] Q = Volumetric flow rate, in cubic meters/second V = Average velocity, in meters/second A = Cross-sectional area in square meters Local Exhaust Ventilation Duct diameter = 1 meter V = 600 meters/second What is Q? Duct diameter = 0.5 meter What is the duct velocity (V)? For circular ducts Q = VA Q = (600 m/s)([1m]2/4) Q = 471 meters3/second Q = VA 471 meters3/s = V ([0.5m]2/4) V = 2400 meters/second A = d2/4 Air Local Exhaust Ventilation D = DUCT DIAMETER vfaceJET 30 Duct Diameters Air Duct Capture of contaminant is only effective within one (1) duct diameter
- 15. ACGIH Ventilation Manual x vcapture vface Local Exhaust Ventilation Capture Velocity (V) : [Plain Opening] Q = V (10x2 + A) X = distance of source from hood face Recommended Capture Velocities CONDITION EXAMPLES CAPTURE VELOCITY Range in meters/second No velocity, Quiet air Evaporation from tanks, degreasers 0.25 – 0.5 ACGIH Ventilation Manual Low velocity, moderately still air Spray booths, container filling, welding, plating 0.5 – 1.0 Active generation into rapid air motion Spray painting (shallow booths), crushers 1.0 – 2.5 High initial velocity into very rapid air motion Grinding, abrasive blasting, tumbling 2.5 – 10.1 Recommended Duct Velocities CONTAMINANT EXAMPLES DUCT VELOCITY Meters/second Vapors, gases, smoke Vapors, gases, smoke 5.0 – 10.1 Fumes Welding 10.1 – 12.7 Very fine dust Cotton lint 12 7 15 2Very fine dust Cotton lint 12.7 – 15.2 Dry dusts & powders Cotton dust 15.2 – 20.3 Industrial dust Grinding dust, limestone dust 17.8 – 20.3 Heavy dust Sawdust, metal turnings 20.3 – 22.9 Heavy/moist dusts Lead dusts, cement dust > 22.9 ACGIH Ventilation Manual
- 16. Local Exhaust Ventilation •Canopy hood: – Best for controlling hot processes – Not good for capturing dusts, or vapors – Not good where cross-drafts exist – Worker must not put head under canopy Local Exhaust Ventilation •“Elephant trunk”: – Good for welding fumes, small process tasks, machining, disconnecting process linesp – Place close to contaminant – Ensure adequate capture velocity at distance from contaminant – Flanged opening captures contaminant better Local Exhaust Ventilation •Downdraft hood: – Vapors pulled down through grill C t l it– Capture velocity depends on source distance from grill – Not for hot operations Local Exhaust Ventilation •Slot ventilation: – Best for liquid open surface tanks • Acid baths • Plating tanks – Pulls air across the tank away from worker – Side enclosures prevent cross drafts – Push-Pull design is optional (push jet)
- 17. Local Exhaust Ventilation •Fume hood: – Laboratory use – Best for small amounts of chemicals – Sash must be kept at set level – NO storage of equipment in the hood! Local Exhaust Ventilation •Enclosures: – Example: • Paint booths – Control of exposure t li id l dto liquid aerosols and vapors – Flammability hazard – Must have scheduled filter changeout – Operator must be upstream Photo Credit: Spray Shield Industries Local Exhaust Ventilation • Other vented enclosures • Glove boxes • Furnaces/ovens • Abrasive blasting Photo credit: U. S. Department of Labor. OSHA Photo credit: Borel Furnaces and Ovens Local Exhaust Ventilation Exhaust Systems: •Do not place exhaust stack near air intakes –Re-entrains contaminants into the b ildingthe building •Do not use rain caps •Stack height depends on: –Contaminant temperature –Building height –Atmospheric conditions –Discharge velocity –Ideal discharge velocity is 15 meters per second
- 18. Ventilation System Evaluation • Evaluate capture velocity • Quantitatively-anemometers, velometers • Qualitatively-smoke tubes, - Visualizes air movement - Use water vapor for cleanUse water vapor for clean rooms Photo Credit: All Products Inc. Ventilation System Evaluation • Air velocity measurements - Measure air velocities (meter/sec) at a number of points - Average the results and determine volumetric flow rate: Q = VA - All instruments must be calibrated periodically - Types: - Swinging vane velometer - Hot-wire anemometer Troubleshooting • Wrong hood for process • Example: canopy hood for toxics • Insufficient capture velocity • Insufficient duct velocity 14 t / d f• ~14 meters/second for vapors • ~18 meters/second for dust • Too much air flow = turbulence • Traffic or competing air currents • Insufficient make up air • Negative pressure • Can’t open doors Exercise • What is the preferred ventilation system for the following situation? – Dilute non-toxic odors in the warehouse A) General ventilation B) Local exhaust ventilation
- 19. Exercise • What is the preferred ventilation system for the following situation? – Acid processing bath with open surface area A) Lab fume hood B) Slot ventilation C) Elephant trunk D) Canopy hood E) Paint booth Exercise • What is the preferred ventilation system for the following situation? – Welding table A) Lab fume hood B) Slot ventilation C) Elephant trunk D) Canopy hood E) Paint booth Exercise • What is the preferred ventilation system for the following situation? – Chemical analysis of small samples for quality controlcontrol A) Lab fume hood B) Slot ventilation C) Elephant trunk D) Canopy hood E) Paint booth Exercise • What is the preferred ventilation system for the following situation? – Spray painting a large piece of equipment A) Lab fume hood B) Slot ventilation C) Elephant trunk D) Canopy hood E) Paint booth
- 20. ACGIH American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Industrial Ventilation, A Manual of Recommended Practice AIHA American Industrial Hygiene Association Standard Z9 2 Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operation of Local US Standards & Guidelines Standard Z9.2, Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operation of Local Exhaust Ventilation Systems ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers Standard 62.1-2010, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration Ventilation, 29 Code of Federal Regulations 1910.94 http://osha.gov/