HTTP/1, HTTP/2 and HTTP/3
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HTTP has evolved from version 1.0 to 2.0 to 3.0 (QUIC) to enable more efficient use of network resources, reduce latency, and avoid head of line blocking. Key features introduced include header compression, multiple concurrent requests per connection, binary framing, and using UDP to transport HTTP traffic instead of TCP. The goal has been reducing latency while increasing complexity with each new version.
HTTP/1, HTTP/2 and HTTP/3
- 1. London Perl Workshop 2018 Leon Brocard HTTP/1, HTTP/2 and HTTP/3
- 2. 1980 RFC 768 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) 1981 RFC 791 Internet Protocol (IPv4) 1981 RFC 793 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
- 3. From: timbl@info.cern.ch (Tim Berners-Lee) Newsgroups: alt.hypertext Subject: WorldWideWeb: Summary Date: 6 Aug 91 16:00:12 GMT The WWW project merges the techniques of information retrieval and hypertext to make an easy but powerful global information system. ... A simple protocol ("HTTP") is used to allow a browser program to request a keyword search by a remote information server. HTTP
- 4. 1996 RFC 1945 HTTP/1.0 1997 RFC 2068 HTTP/1.1 1999 RFC 2616 HTTP/1.1 2014 RFC 7230-5 HTTP/1.1: Message Syntax and Routing 2015 RFC 7540 HTTP/2 2019 RFC ? QUIC: A UDP-Based Multiplexed and Secure Transport HTTP
- 6. ~200,000 km/s ~140 ms one way
- 7. HTTP/1
- 11. HTTP/1
- 12. GET /technology/2016/jul/15/ how-the-internet-was-invented -1976-arpa-kahn-cerf HTTP/1.1 Host: www.theguardian.com HTTP/1
- 13. HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Content-Length: 110502 <!DOCTYPE html>... HTTP/1
- 14. HTTP/1
- 15. HTTP/1
- 16. HTTP/1
- 17. HTTP/1
- 18. HTTP/1
- 19. HTTP/1 This does not happen in HTTP/1 :-(
- 20. HTTP/1
- 21. HTTP/1
- 22. HTTP/1
- 24. HTTP/1
- 25. HTTP/1
- 26. HTTP/1
- 28. HTTP/2 2015
- 29. HTTP/2 enables a more efficient use of network resources and a reduced perception of latency by introducing header field compression and allowing multiple concurrent exchanges on the same connection HTTP/2
- 32. GET http://www.example.com/ 8286 8441 8cf1 e3c2 e5f2 3a6b a0ab 90f4 ff HTTP/2
- 33. HTTP/2
- 34. HTTP/2
- 35. HTTP/2
- 36. HTTP/2
- 37. HTTP/2 TCP head of line blocking :-(
- 39. TLS/1.3 2018
- 40. A TLS False Start reduces handshake latency to one round trip HTTP/2 with TLS/1.3
- 41. A zero round-trip time (0-RTT) mode was added, saving a round trip at connection setup for some application data, at the cost of certain security properties. HTTP/2 with TLS/1.3
- 43. HTTP/3 2019?
- 44. QUIC is a multiplexed and secure general-purpose transport protocol that… uses UDP as a substrate to avoid requiring changes in legacy client operating systems and middleboxes HTTP/3
- 48. Summary
- 50. ✔ Reducing latency ✔ No head of line blocking ✘ Complexity
- 52. 47% HTTP/2
- 53. HTTP/2
- 54. HTTP/2
- 55. HTTP/3