Human memory by rustam
- 1. Topic; Human Memory Instructor; Rustam Ali
- 2. Lecture outline • What is Memory • Woodworth L-I-R Formula • Importance of Memory • Stages of Memory • Types of Memory • Process Of Memory • Forgetting • Memory Disorders • Memory Enhancement Techniques
- 3. What is Memory • The word “Memory” have been derived by a Latin word “Memoria” means retain in mind. • Memory is the storage of past experiences • Ability to take information, encode it, store it and retrieve it when the need arises.
- 4. Importance of Memory • Memory is essential to all over lives • Without memory of the past we can’t operate our present and think about the future • Without memory we couldn’t learn anything • Memory is involved in processing vast amount of information
- 7. Types of Memory • Sensory Information storage (SIS) • Short Term Memory (STM) • Long Term Memory (LTM)
- 9. Process Of Memory • Learning • Retention • Recall or Reproduction • Recognition • Learning involves Attention + Perception+ Retention + Recall + Recognition
- 10. Woodworth L-I-R Formula • “Memory Means to remember which has been learned in the past”, Woodworth • He Presented L-I-R formula Study Memory A. L means Learning B. I means Internal C. R means Remembering (Recall or Recognition) • Learning is extremely important element
- 11. Forgetting • The inability to retrieve a memory is one of the most common causes of forgetting. • Retrieval failure is the failure to recall a memory due to missing stimuli or cues that were present at the time the memory was encoded. • A vitamin B-12 deficiency — common in older adults — can cause memory problems. • Hypothyroidism. An underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism) can result in forgetfulness and other thinking problems. • Brain diseases
- 12. Memory Disorders • Amnesia (mental Conflicts) • Fugue (shattered Mind) • Multiple Personality • Evasion From growth • Dissociative Disorder
- 13. Memory Enhancement Techniques • Attention • Rehearsal • Over-Learning • Spaced Practice • Organization • Chunking • Feedback • Method of loci • Minimizing interference • Whole vrs part Method
- 14. Thanks