[Call for code] IBM 블록체인을 활용하여 투명하게 구호기금 관리하기 - Hyperledger Fabric v1.1 by 맹개발

1
IBM Watson & Cloud Platform
Technical Service Professional
Yunho Maeng 맹윤호Blockchain : Hyperledger Fabric
블록체인을
활용하여 투명하게
구호기금 관리하기

2
Prerequisite for development environment

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http://ibm.biz/1808busan
$ git clone https://github.com/yunho0130/global-citizen
Download repository
URL for hands-on

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Setting development environment
For Windows User: Install VirtualBox (Recommended)
https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

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Setting development environment
For Windows User: Install Ubuntu 16.04 server(Recommended)
http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.04/

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NVM: Node Version Manager
$ curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.33.11/install.sh | bash
Install NVM

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$ nvm install 8
Install Node v8
$ which node $ node -v

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$ npm install -g composer-cli@0.19.5
Install Composer CLI

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Overview : Hyperledger Fabric & IBM

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Hyperledger Project
https://gerrit.hyperledger.org/r/#/admin/projects/

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IBM Blockchain Platform
IBM Blockchain Platform (IBM, 2017)

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Making blockchain real for business with over 400 engagements
Trade Finance Pre and Post Trade Complex Risk Coverage
Identity/ Know your customer (KYC) Unlisted Securities/ Private Equity Funds Loyalty Program
Medicated Health Data Exchange Fraud/ Compliance Registry Distributed Energy/ Carbon Credit
Supply Chain Food Safety Provenance/ Traceability
many more at www.ibm.biz/BlockRef

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Hyperledger Members
Premier General
Associate
Source: https://www.hyperledger.org/members
Updated 15 November 2017
General

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IBM Blockchain Platform : Why IBM?
IBM LinuxOne Architecture for Blockchain (IBM, 2018)
IBM® 솔루션은 하드웨어
에서부터 상위 계층까지
보안을 통합하여 블록체
인 네트워크를 무단 액세
스로부터 안전하게 보호
합니다.

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Introduction Hyperledger Fabric
https://youtu.be/lD9KAnkZUjU
How it Works: Blockchain

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Introduction Hyperledger Fabric
https://youtu.be/IgNfoQQ5Reg
IBM Blockchain Car Lease Demo

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Private vs Public Blockchain

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Public Blockchain vs Private Blockchain
https://remix.ethereum.org
Ethereum Solidity: Smart contract

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https://remix.ethereum.org

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https://etherscan.io/

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https://etherscan.io/tx/0xcf3da48fdbdffde2811c98c291f80957030f3e2520b38f2271c8b260ac886c38

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Hyperledger Fabric: Chaincode
- Access Control (.acl), Deploy Changes
http://composer-playground.mybluemix.net/

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Hyperledger Composer: Historian Record

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Hyperledger Fabric ICO?
Utility Token vs Security Token
Utility Token Security Token
• There is no crypto currency in Hyperledger Fabric Project
• However, you can create utility token. (Not necessary)

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Why Private Blockchain?
Only TPS(Transactions Per Second)?
DAG (Wikipedia, 2018)Ethereum Plasma Network (Buterin, 2017)
• There are too many projects to increase TPS on public blockchain.
• Ethererum Plasama Network, Sharding, DAG(Directed Acyclic Graph)

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Why Private Blockchain?
Data Governance & Permission control
• How to run data business on public blockchain?
• How about GDPR? If some of your customers were European?

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Off-chian : Why we have to consider off-chain model

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Global Citizen :
Management of donation for philanthropy

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IBM BaaS : Blockchain as a Service
2018-07-31 Update! Starter Plan support Hyperledger Fabric V1.1
(Formerly V0.6)

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Create blockchain service via IBM Cloud
https://console.bluemix.net/developer/blockchain/dashboard

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Starter Plan offer the $500 credit per account using BaaS
https://www.ibm.com/blogs/blockchain/2018/06/by-developers-for-developers-the-ibm-blockchain-platform-starter-plan/

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Price plan (Monthly based)

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Build Your First Network (BYFN) : Local
https://github.com/jgkong/BlockchainNetwork-CompositeJourney/blob/jgkong-korean/README-ko.md
If you have issue on IBM Cloud Account, try following tutorial

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Global Citizen with IBM BaaS
https://github.com/yunho0130/global-citizen/blob/master/README-ko.md

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https://developer.ibm.com/kr/?post_type=pnext_journey&p=16191&preview=true

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https://developer.ibm.com/kr/?post_type=pnext_journey&p=16191&preview=true
Flow

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Global Citizen: Composer model

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Global Citizen: Composer REST API

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Understanding Hyperledger Fabric

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Hyperledger Fabric V1.1
Hyperledger Fabric protocol (Sousa, 2017)

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Hyperledger Fabric: Smartcontract (IBM, 2018)

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A Fabric network with federated MSPs and running multiple (Androulaki, 2018)
- gossip: 이벤트를 성공했는지
실패했는지를 체크할 수 있는
event listener와 같은 역할
- MSP: Membership Service
Provider
- Privacy through Channel:
네트워크간에도 참여자를
제한할 수 있는 채널 방식.

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Hyperledger Fabric : Smart contract

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Summary of a Hyperledger Fabric Block
- txPayload=<operation, metadata>: 작업operation에 대한 argument나 데이터.

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Hyperledger Composer
https://hyperledger.github.io/composer/latest/introduction/introduction

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How Composer Maps to Fabric Chaincode
– Each Business Network is deployed to its own chaincode container
– Container contains a static piece of Go chaincode that starts a Javascript virtual machine
running transaction processors
– Browse these containers to view diagnostic information (docker logs)
– Embedded chaincode is not a Composer external interface
Composer
Client
Fabric
Client
Composer
Chaincode
(Go)
Composer
Runtime (JS)
End-User
Code
(JS)
Fabric
Shim
(Go)
Duktape JS VM
Hyperledger Fabric Peer
Events

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Technical Deep dive into Consensus

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Sample transaction: Step 1/7 – Propose transaction
Application proposes transaction
Endorsement policy:
• “E0, E1 and E2 must sign”
• (P3, P4 are not part of the policy)
Client application submits a transaction
proposal for Smart Contract A. It must
target the required peers {E0, E1, E2}
E0
E1
E2
Client
Application
SDK
Endorser Ledger
Committing
Peer
Application
Ordering Node
Smart Contract
(Chaincode)
Endorsement
Policy
Key:
Hyperledger Fabric Network
Ordering-Service
O
O O
OP
P4P3
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
D
Endorse Order Validate

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Sample transaction: Step 2/7 – Execute proposal
Endorsers Execute Proposals
E0, E1 & E2 will each execute the
proposed transaction. None of these
executions will update the ledger
Each execution will capture the set of
Read and Written data, called RW sets,
which will now flow in the fabric.
Transactions can be signed & encrypted
Key:
Ordering-Service
Endorser Ledger
Committing
Peer
Application
Ordering Node
Smart Contract
(Chaincode)
Endorsement
Policy
O
O O
O
E0
E1
E2
P
P4P3
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
D
Client
Application
SDK

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Sample transaction: Step 3/7 – Proposal Response
Application receives responses
RW sets are asynchronously returned to
application
The RW sets are signed by each
endorser, and also includes each record
version number
(This information will be checked much
later in the consensus process)
Key:
Ordering-Service
Endorser Ledger
Committing
Peer
Application
Ordering Node
Smart Contract
(Chaincode)
Endorsement
Policy
O
O O
O
E0
E1
E2
P
P4P3
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
D
Client
Application
SDK

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Sample transaction: Step 4/7 – Order Transaction
Responses submitted for ordering
Application submits responses as a
transaction to be ordered.
Ordering happens across the fabric in
parallel with transactions submitted by
other applications
(other applications)
Key:
Ordering-Service
Endorser Ledger
Committing
Peer
Application
Ordering Node
Smart Contract
(Chaincode)
Endorsement
Policy
O
O O
O
E0
E1
E2
P
P4P3
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
D
Client
Application
SDK

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Sample transaction: Step 5/7 – Deliver Transaction
Ordering-Service
Orderer delivers to committing peers
Ordering service collects transactions
into proposed blocks for distribution to
committing peers. Peers can deliver to
other peers in a hierarchy (not shown)
Different ordering algorithms available:
• SOLO (Single node, development)
• Kafka (Crash fault tolerance)
O
O O
O
*
Key:
Endorser Ledger
Committing
Peer
Application
Ordering Node
Smart Contract
(Chaincode)
Endorsement
Policy
E0
E1
E2
P
P4P3
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
D
Client
Application
SDK

53
Sample transaction: Step 6/7 – Validate Transaction
Ordering-Service
Committing peers validate transactions
Every committing peer validates against
the endorsement policy. Also check RW
sets are still valid for current world state
Validated transactions are applied to the
world state and retained on the ledger
Invalid transactions are also retained on
the ledger but do not update world state
Endorser Ledger
Committing
Peer
Application
Ordering Node
Smart Contract
(Chaincode)
Endorsement
Policy
Key:
O
O O
O
E0
E1
E2
P
P4P3
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
D
Client
Application
SDK
* * *
*
*

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Sample transaction: Step 7/7 – Notify Transaction
Client
Application SDK
Ordering-Service
Committing peers notify applications
Applications can register to be notified
when transactions succeed or fail, and
when blocks are added to the ledger
Applications will be notified by each
peer to which they are connected!
!
!
!
! !
Key:
Endorser Ledger
Committing
Peer
Application
Ordering Node
Smart Contract
(Chaincode)
Endorsement
Policy
O
O O
O
E0
E1
E2
P
P4P3
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
D

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Assets, Participants and Transactions
Vehicle Vehicle
Listing AuctioneerMember
Place Offer
Close Bidding
Transaction
Processors

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The blockchain developer
Ledger
…
Blockchain
Developer
D
f(abc);
Smart
Contract
Blockchain developers’ primary interests are…
They should NOT have to care about operational concerns, such as:
Peers Consensus
…and how they interact with the ledger and other systems of record:
Systems
IntegrationEvents
!
Traditional
Data Sources
Traditional
Processing
Platforms
Application
X Security
- Developer: 비즈니스 로직과 어플리케이션 만드는 사람.

57
The blockchain operator
Blockchain
Operator
O
Blockchain operators’ primarily interests are in the deployment
and operation of part of the blockchain:
They should NOT have to care about development concerns, such as:
Application code Smart contract code
Peers Consensus
ü
Security
X
- Operator: 네트워크 자체를 운영하고 관리하는 사람.

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Summary of Key Roles
Blockchain
Developer
D
Blockchain
Operator
O
Peers Consensus
ü
Security
Systems
IntegrationEvents
!
Ledger
…
Traditional Data
Sources
Traditional
Processing
Platforms
f(abc);
Smart
Contract
Application
Blockchain
Architect
A
Business
concerns
$
Design
Tradeoffs

59
Workflow (NSC -> BSC -> End User)
Network
Service
Consumer
End user
End-User
Identity
issues
Connection
profile
creates
refers toBusiness
Service
Consumer
Identity
issues
Business
Network
Card
(Connection profile +
Business Service
customizes and
deploys
Hyperledger Fabric
Peer
Chaincode container Ledger
…
Asset
Registry
Participant
Registry
Transaction
Registry
Identity
Registry
packages
Business
Network
Archive
Smart Contract Logic
Business
Service
Consumer
connects
hosts
Business Logic
REST
Interface
Business App
Integration
Logic

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Hyperledger Fabric v1.2 and next version

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New! Hyperledger Fabric v1.2
•Private Data Collections: A way to
keep certain data/transactions
confidential among a subset of
channel members. We also have an
architecture document on this topic
which can be found here.
•Service Discovery: Discover network
services dynamically, including
orderers, peers, chaincode, and
endorsement policies, to simplify
client applications.
•Access control: How to configure
which client identities can interact
with peer functions on a per channel
basis.
•Pluggable endorsement and
validation: Utilize pluggable
endorsement and validation logic per
chaincode.
https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-1.2/whatsnew.html

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Consensus Mechanism
Hyperledger Fabric Next version?: RAFT
State transition of participant peers (Ha, 2017)Official document of Hyperledger fabric v1.2 (Hyperledger
Foundation, 2018)

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Consensus Mechanism
Summary of the single-decree Paxos consensus
protocol(Ongaro, 2014)
Paxos Algorithm : To understand the RAFT
Common patterns for using a single replicated state
machine(Ongaro, 2014)

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Consensus Mechanism
Process for dynamic configuration of participant peers (Ha, 2017)

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Consensus Mechanism
RAFT Algorithm Summary (Ongaro, 2014)

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Consensus Mechanism
RAFT Algorithm Summary (Ongaro, 2014)

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Save the world with your code!
Make your idea into reality

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Writing whitepaper & Making actual product! Right Now
You don’t need to wait the main net launching or don’t lose your way to build DApp!
You can use your familiar language with SDK!
Chaincode (smart contracts) in Go or Node.js, Java,
SDKs in Node.js, Java, Go, REST and Python(Hyperledger
wiki,2018).

69
Blockchain Use-Case Template
Description of the Business Problem: 비즈니스 문제
List of Participants / Roles: 참가자 리스트와 역할 Description of Transactions: 트랜잭션에 대해 기술
Blockchain MVP Use Case Description: 최소기능제품MVP의 사용 예시
Types of Assets and Description: 자산의 유형

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Writing whitepaper & Making actual product! Right Now
http://composer-playground.mybluemix.net/login?ref=web-%24default#deploy

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IBM Blockchain Foundation Developer Badge
https://www.coursera.org/learn/ibm-blockchain-essentials-for-developers
https://www.youracclaim.com/user/yunho-maeng

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Awesome Blockchain Kor : More examples
https://github.com/yunho0130/awesome-blockchain-kor

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References
1. Androulaki, E., Barger, A., Bortnikov, V., Cachin, C., Christidis, K., De Caro, A., ... & Muralidharan, S. (2018, April). Hyperledger fabric: a distributed
operating system for permissioned blockchains. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth EuroSys Conference (p. 30). ACM.
2. Hyperledger Foundation(2017) Fabric official release note v1.1 : Architecture Explained, https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-1.1/arch-
deep-dive.html
3. Hyperledger wiki (2018) Hyperledger Fabric: Key Characteristics, https://wiki.hyperledger.org/projects/Fabric
4. Ongaro, D. (2014). Consensus: Bridging theory and practice (Doctoral dissertation, Stanford University). https://purl.stanford.edu/qr033xr6097
5. Poon, J., & Buterin, V. (2017). Plasma: Scalable autonomous smart contracts. White paper.
6. Sousa, J., Bessani, A., & Vukolić, M. (2017). A byzantine fault-tolerant ordering service for the hyperledger fabric blockchain platform. arXiv preprint
arXiv:1709.06921.
7. Yeoun-Ui Ha, Jae-Hwan Jin, & Myung-Joon Lee. (2017). Raft-D: A Consensus Algorithm for Dynamic Configuration of Participant Peers. Asia-pacific
Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Vol 7, 267-277, http://www.sersc.org/journals/AJMAHS/vol7_no2_2017/27.pdf
8. IBM (2017.11) IBM 블록체인 플랫폼 기술개요 (Kr-whitepaper-external), https://www-01.ibm.com/common/ssi/cgi-
bin/ssialias?htmlfid=00013800KRKO
9. IBM (2018.02) 블록체인-IBM Systems 관점에서 본 효용 가치와 실행 시스템, https://www-01.ibm.com/common/ssi/cgi-
bin/ssialias?htmlfid=LUS12348KRKO
10. IBM (2018) LinuxONE 블록체인 보안 인포그래픽, https://www-01.ibm.com/common/ssi/cgi-bin/ssialias?htmlfid=LU912346KRKO
11. IBM(2018), SPRI FORUM: 하이퍼레저 패브릭 구조 및 주요 구축사례

77
IBM Watson & Cloud Platform
Technical Service Professional
Yunho Maeng 맹윤호
yunhomaeng@kr.ibm.com
Blockchain : Hyperledger Fabric
Q & A

[Call for code] IBM 블록체인을 활용하여 투명하게 구호기금 관리하기 - Hyperledger Fabric v1.1 by 맹개발

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