IDENTIFYING THE INQUIRY AND STATING THE PROBLEM RELATED TO DAILY LIFE
- 1. LESSON 6: IDENTIFYING THE INQUIRY AND STATING THE PROBLEM RELATED TO DAILY LIFE
- 2. LEARNING COMPETENCIES a. designs a research project related to daily life (CS_RS11-IIIc- e-1) b. writes a research title (CS_RS11-IIIc-e-2), c. describes justifications/reasons for conducting the research (CS_RS11-IIIc-e-3), d. states research questions (CS_RS11-IIIc-e-4), indicates scope and delimitation of research (CS_RS11-IIIc-e-5), e. cites benefits and beneficiaries of research (CS_RS11-IIIc-e- 6), and f. presents written statement of the problem (CS_RS11-IIIc-e-7).
- 3. SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of the lessons, you will be able to: a. identify the steps in designing a research project, b. determine the guidelines in writing a research title, c. craft a research project related to daily life, and d. formulate a research title
- 4. PRETEST 1. The reason why researcher has to examine literature as a technique in narrowing down the research topic is______________. A. It is already edited. B. It is an excellent source of ideas. C. It is abundant in the library and in the internet. D. It can be copied so that researchers do not need to work a lot.
- 5. PRETEST 2.One of the following is NOT a good contributor of ideas in research. A. People who aspire to do research study B. People who are knowledgeable about the topic C. People who have opposing views about the research D. People whose opinions may differ from the researcher
- 6. PRETEST 3.One of the following research topics below needs to be narrowed down into specific one. A. Menace of Terrorism in Mindanao B. HIV: Causes, Prevention and Cure C. Global Warming and Greenhouse Effect D. Body Tattooing as an Art in the Philippines
- 7. PRETEST 4. An example to this source of research topic is a blog. A. Replication C. Wide Reading/Critical Film Viewing B. Social Networking D. Lectures, Talks, Seminars
- 8. PRETEST 5. Researchers should avoid controversial topic because _______________. A. It lacks focus along the process. B. It is prone to opinions of the subject. C. It requires thorough and extensive reading. D. There are no available materials as source of information to support it.
- 9. PRETEST 6. As a remedy, a broad research topic should be ___________. A. Narrowed down B. Converted into a broader topic C. Supported with extensive reading and investigation D. Challenging to the researcher as it needs more sources
- 10. PRETEST 7. In research,this is the answerableinquiryof a specific concern or issue. Thesis statement A. Researchquestion B. Significanceof the study C. scope and delimitation D. Research Title
- 11. PRETEST 8. This is a statementcontainingthe main point,main ideaor centralmessageof the paper. A. Conceptualframework B. Significanceof the study C. Thesis statement D. Statement of the problem
- 12. PRETEST 9. It containsthe explanationof what informationor subject is beinganalysedfollowingthe limitation of the study. A. Researchdesign B. Scope of the study C. Researchtitle D. Thesis statement
- 13. PRETEST 10. This is where the purposeof the studyis highlighted indicatingthe key reasonsof doing such. A. Significanceof the study B. Researchobjectives C. Scope of the study D. Rationale
- 14. PRETEST 11. One of the componentsof a researchquestion that providesenoughspecifics that one’s audiencecan easily understandits purposewithout needingadditional explanation. A. Complex B. Clear C. Arguable D. Brief
- 15. PRETEST 12. This is consideredto be the groundbeneaththe foundation. A. Statisticaltreatment B. Researchtitle C. Researchquestion/s D. Scope of the study
- 16. PRETEST 13. This is the chapter wherethe significanceof the study is particularlyindicated. A. Chapter1 B. Chapter2 C. Chapter3 D. Chapter 4
- 17. PRETEST 14. One of the componentsof a researchobjective which is expressedin the fewestpossiblewords. A. Complex B. Concise C. Goal-driven D. Clear
- 18. PRETEST 15. You cannot formulatequestionsunless you have alreadyidentifiedyour______. A. References B. Researchtopic C. Researchdesign D. Audience
- 19. DESIGNING A RESEARCH PROJECT RELATED TO DAILY LIFE
- 20. •Designing a research is similar to making a house, car, bag, dress, cake, etc. which needs appropriate materials and necessary process or steps to follow. Then, you have to consider whether what you intend to make or invent has significance to you as a person. Otherwise, your efforts will not be put to use. • In designing your qualitative research, you have to consider whether the topic you have chosen is relevant to you as a learner, as a constituent in your barangay, and as a citizen of this country.
- 21. •Therefore, the first question you should answer is “What is the issue, phenomenon or problem in my school and community that needs my special attention by conducting a research?” Examples: 1.In School Based on observation, what are the issues and problems I encounter inside the classroom? Is it the lesson, teachers, learners’ attitude and hindrances to graduation?
- 22. Examples: 2. At Home Considering my life on a daily basis, what are the things that bother me at home? 3. In the Community What are the usual complaints of my neighbor regarding ordinances, practices and activities in the barangay? Or, what are the situations in my community that need to be improved? ➢Once you have decided on area where you can focus on, you need to remember these:
- 23. Design of Qualitative Research Qualitative research is an emergent design which means that it emerges as you make ongoing decisions about what you have learned.
- 24. As a design, qualitative research: Requires researcher’s decision-making like: (a) How to gather data (b) From where and whom to collect (c) When to gather (d) For how long
- 25. ➢To have a holistic picture of qualitative research project, you have to remember that in deciding on a topic, you have to consider the kind and the field it belongs, as well as its relevance to your daily life.
- 27. You begin your research work with a problem. Mulling over a topic for your research work drives you to perform HOTS or higher-order thinking skills.
- 28. A topic is researchable if the knowledge and information about it are supported by evidence that is observable, factual and logical.
- 29. Guidelines in Choosing a Research Topic 1. Interest in the subject matter 2. Availability of information 3. Timeliness and relevance of the topic 4. Limitations on the subject 5. Personal resources
- 30. Research Topics to be Avoided 1. Controversial Topics 2. Highly technical subjects 3. Hard-to-investigate subjects 4. Too broad subjects 5. Too narrow subjects 6. Vague subjects
- 31. Sources of Research Topics 1. Mass media communication- press (newspapers, ads, TV, radio, films, etc.) 2. Books, Internet, peer-reviewed journals, government publications
- 32. Sources of Research Topics 3. Professional periodicals 4. General periodicals 5. Previous reading assignments in your other subjects 6. Work experience
- 34. How to Narrow Down a Topic 1.You can narrow down the topic by exploring and extending the explanation of a theory. 2.Talk over ideas with people who know research. 3.Focus on specific group. Ex: Students, Mothers, Teachers 4.Define the aim or desired outcome of the study a. Is the study exploratory, explanatory, or descriptive? b. Is the study applied or basic?
- 35. Before deciding on your topic, ask: 1. What areas are not yet explored that I want to investigate? 2. Is my research useful to me, to my school, to my family and to my community? ✓ Remember, a research study must be significant enough to make it worth your efforts as the researcher.
- 39. Let’s Evaluate!
- 40. Formulating Research Questions, Scope and Delimitation of the Study, Significance of the Study, Stating the Problem
- 41. ➢Qualitative research is an inquiry process of understanding a social or human problem based on building a complex holistic picture formed with words, reporting detailed views of informants and conducted in a natural setting (Creswell, 1994). ➢ Participant Observation, Observation, In-depth interviewing, Focus Group Interviewing, Content Analysis, Narratology and Films are the kinds of Qualitative Research ➢ Types of Qualitative Research are: Phenomenology, Ethnography, Grounded Theory and Case Study ➢ A research title capsulizes the main thought or idea of the whole research paper. It also reflects the variables under study
- 42. Formulating Research Questions The questions that you ask in your research will determine the data that you want to have, answer, and specify in Chapter 4. Hence, it is a crucial stage to attain your research objective. Research questions help writers focus their research by providing a path through the research and writing process. You should ask a question about an issue that you are genuinely curious and/or passionate about. The question you ask should be developed for the discipline you are studying. A question directed towards Literature, for instance, is different from an appropriate one in Mathematics to Biology.
- 43. ➢A research question is an answerable inquiry into a specific concern or issue. It is the initial step in a research project. The 'initial step' means after you have an idea of what you want to study, the research question is the first active step in the research project. A metaphor for a research project is a house. Your data collection forms the walls, and your hypothesis that guides your data collection is the foundation. So, what is the research question? It is the ground beneath the foundation. It is what everything in a research project is built on. Without a question, you can't have a hypothesis. Without the hypothesis, you won't know how to study what you’re interested in.
- 44. ➢ A research question forms the base of where you are going, so we have to write a good research question. If your foundation is built on something shifty, like a house built on sand, then everything following that will be about correcting that initial issue instead of on making an awesome home/research project.
- 45. Writing a Research Question Writing a good research question means you have something you want to study. Let's say you're interested in the effects of television. We will examine the steps and then look at how you could write a research question. ✓ Specify your specific concern or issue ✓ Decide what you want to know about the specific concern or issue ✓ Turn what you want to know and the specific concern into a question ✓ Ensure that the question is answerable ✓ Check to make sure the question is not too broad or too narrow ✓ This is the basic process in writing a research question. Writing a good question will result in a better research project.
- 46. A research question should be (from the Writing Center of George Mason University): • Clear. It provides enough specifics that one’s audience can easily understand its purpose without needing additional explanation. • Focused. It is narrow enough that it can be answered thoroughly in the space the writing task allows. • Concise. It is expressed in the fewest possible words. • Complex. It is not answerable with a simple ‘yes’ or ‘no’, but rather requires synthesis and analysis of ideas and sources prior to composition of an answer. • Arguable. Its potential answers are open to debate rather than accepted facts.
- 48. HAVE YOU DECIDED ON YOUR RESEARCH QUESTIONS? ➢If yes, your next step would be to articulate it in a a form of a problem statement. ➢A statement of the problem defines the cause that your research is working towards. It highlights a knowledge gap or gap between the real/current state and the ideal state. ➢The ultimate goal of SOP is to transform a genralizes problem into a targeted, well-defined problem that can be resolved through focused research and careful decision making. ➢3 elements 1. The problem itself, stated clearly and with enough contextual detail 2. The method of solving the problem, often stated a s a claim 3. The purpose, statement of objective and the scope of the project
- 50. What is a thesis statement?
- 51. ➢Every paper you write should have a main point, a main idea, or central message. The argument(s) you make in your paper should reflect this main idea. The sentence that captures your position on this main idea is what we call a thesis statement.
- 52. How long does it need to be?
- 53. ➢A thesis statement focuses your ideas into one or two sentences. It should present the topic of your paper and also make a comment about your position in relation to the topic. Your thesis statement should tell your reader what the paper is about and also help guide your writing and keep your argument focused.
- 54. Where is your thesis statement?
- 55. You should provide a thesis early in your essay -- in the introduction, or in longer essays in the second paragraph -- in order to establish your position and give your reader a sense of direction.
- 56. Tip: In order to write a successful thesis statement: A. Avoid burying a great thesis statement in the middle of a paragraph or late in the paper. B. Be as clear and as specific as possible; avoid vague words. C. Indicate the point of your paper but avoid sentence structures like, “The point of my paper is…” Unless you're writing a technical report, avoid technical language. Always avoid jargon, unless you are confident your audience will be familiar with it. Avoid vague words such as "interesting,” "negative, "exciting,” "unusual," and "difficult." Avoid abstract words such as "society," “values,” or “culture.”
- 58. The scope of study in your research paper contains the explanation of what information or subject is being analyzed. It is followed by an explanation of the limitation of the research. Research usually limited in scope by sample size, time and geographic area; while the delimitation of study is the description of the scope of study. It will explain why definite aspects of a subject were chosen and why other were excluded. It also mentions the research method used as well as the certain theories applied to the data.
- 59. YOUR STUDY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE
- 60. Writing a research paper has its purpose-- may it be for you (as a researcher) or even for others. That is why, you need to identify the key reason/s why you are taking a step forward and make your query into a formal writing. In this stage, your ‘WHYs’ and ‘HOWs’ will be answered and explained. Before taking this step, read the following notes:
- 61. Tips in Writing the Significance of the Study (Regoniel, 2015) A. Refer to the statement of the problem Your problem statement can guide you in identifying the specific contribution of your study. You can do this by observing a one-to-one correspondence between the statement of the problem and the significance of the study. : For example, if you ask the question ‘Is there a significant relationship between the teacher’s teaching style and the students’ long quiz scores in Mathematics?’ then the contribution of your research would probably be a teaching style or styles that can help students perform better in Mathematics.
- 62. B. Write from general to specific contribution Write the significance of the study by looking into the general contribution of your study, such as its importance to society as a whole, then proceed downwards-towards its contribution to individuals and that may include yourself as a researcher. You start off broadly then taper off gradually to a specific group or person.
- 64. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING! ☺