LESSON 1 LANGUAGE OF RESEARCH.pptx Module 1 Lesson 1 ROV
- 2. _____ 1. Which of the following is not considered a good research question? a. What features do most popular national parks have in common? b. What factors have influenced population growth in the fastest growing countries? c. What effect do social media have on people’s minds? d. What effects does daily use of Twitter have on the attention span of under-16s? Try this out!
- 3. _____ 2. All of these are ways to limit and narrow your research topic except a. by geographical area b. by interest c. by culture d. by time Try this out!
- 4. _____ 3. Which of the following is a strong thesis statement? a. A healthy diet is important because it increases energy, prevents illness and promotes well-being in all people. b. A healthy diet is important. c. People should include eight servings of fruits and vegetables in their diet everyday. d. Bananas are one of the most nutritious foods on earth. Try this out!
- 5. 4. The first and most important step in any research is to identify and delineate the research problem. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if is not.
- 6. 5. Internet is the most useful and accessible source of information in research. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if is not.
- 7. ______ 1. Raise research questions ______ 2. Formulate objectives ______ 3. Dissect the broad area into sub-areas ______ 4. Identify a broad research area of your interest ______ 5. Select one of the sub-areas Arrange the following steps in formulating a research problem by numbering the sentences from 1-5.
- 8. Table of contents Vocabulary Development 01 Characteristics of a Good Research Problem 03 Selecting and Limiting Topic for Research 02 Formulation of a Research Problem 04
- 10. Vocabulary It is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions in gathering information from the respondents. Questionnaires It is a face to face survey method that is utilized when a specific target population is involved. Personal Interviews It is a sentence that expresses the main idea of a research paper. Objectives It is the subject or issue that a researcher is interested in when conducting a research. Research Topic These are materials from which the writer gathers ideas and information. Sources
- 11. Vocabulary It is the systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to field of study. Methodology It is an answerable inquiry into a specific concern or issue. Research Question These are specific statements that define measurable outcomes to achieve the desired outcome. Thesis Statement It is a statement about an area of concern, a condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exists in scholarly literature for meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation. Research It is an answerable inquiry into a specific concern or issue. Research Problem
- 13. 1. Brainstorm for Ideas! Choose a topic that interests you. What local treasure or heritage in the community would you like to research on? Why does it interest you and what would you like to know more about it? Do you have an opinion about the local treasure or heritage?
- 14. 2. Identify the Sources of General Background Information Choose sources where you can gather information about your topic. What sources of information can you use to gather information? Who can help you in providing information about the topic?
- 15. 2. Identify the Sources of General Background Information Can you use the library, magazines, journals, periodicals, or the internet to collect information? Do you know any organization that can help you in gathering information?
- 16. 3. Focus on Your Topic A topic will very difficult to research if it is too broad or too narrow. Some common ways to limit a topic are: by geographical area, by culture, by time frame, by discipline and by population group.
- 17. 3. Focus on Your Topic What specific area or factor of a local treasure or heritage in the community would you focus your research on? Why did you decide to focus on that specific area or aspect? Who is affected by the topic?
- 18. 4. Make a List of Useful Keywords Find key concepts to widen your search capabilities. What are the keywords that you can use to best describe your topic?
- 19. 5. Flexible It is common to modify your topic during the research process. You may find too much and need to narrow your focus, or too little and need to broaden your focus.
- 20. 5. Flexible What are the considerations or adjustments that you would do if ever there is a need to modify your research topic?
- 21. 6. Define your topic as a Focused Research Question You will often begin with a word, develop a more focused interest in an aspect of something relating to that word, and then begin to have questions about the topic.
- 22. 6. Define your topic as a Focused Research Question What the primary question that your research topic wants to answer?
- 23. 7. Formulate a Thesis Statement This may be the answer to your research question and/or a way to clearly state the purpose of your research.
- 24. 7. Formulate a Thesis Statement Your thesis statement will usually be one or two sentences that states precisely what to be answered, proven, or what you will inform your audience about your topic.
- 25. 7. Formulate a Thesis Statement What is the thesis statement of the study that you would like to conduct?
- 26. Selecting and Limiting Topic for Research 1. Brainstorm for Ideas 2. Identify the Sources of General Background Information 3. Focus on Your Topic 4. Make a List of Useful Keywords 5. Be Flexible 6. Define your topic as a Focused Research Question 7. Formulate a Thesis Statement
- 27. Characteristi cs of a Good Research Problem 03
- 28. A research problem is a statement about an area of concern, a condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to the need for meaningful understanding and
- 29. 1. Stated clearly and concisely The best way to test the problem statement is to write it into a concise sentence or paragraph and to share it with others. If the problem cannot be stated in a clear paragraph it has difficulties and will not endure as a suitable problem.
- 30. Of course, it is not easy to express complex issues in simplistic terms and it may take many weeks and countless drafts before the statement is satisfactory.
- 31. 2. Generates research questions The problem should generate a number of more specific research questions. These turn the problem into a question format and represent various aspects or components of the problem. The research questions make the more general statement easier to address and provide a framework for the research.
- 32. 3. Grounded in theory Good problems have theoretical and/or conceptual frameworks for their analysis. They relate the specifics of what is being investigated to a more general background of theory which helps interpret the results and link it to the field.
- 33. 4. Related to academic fields of study Good problems relate to academic fields which have adherents and boundaries. They typically have journals to which adherents relate.
- 34. Research problems which do not have clear links to one or two such fields of study are generally in trouble. Without such a field it becomes impossible to determine where, in the universe of knowledge, the problem lies.
- 35. 5. Based in the research literature Related to the former points, a well- stated problem will relate to a research literature. Tight problems often relate to a well-defined body of literature, written by a select group of researchers and published in a small number of
- 36. 6. Potential significance This is the important ‘so what’ question: Who cares once you solve the problem? Assume that you have solved the problem and answered the questions and then ask yourself if you are any further ahead.
- 37. 6. Potential significance At the very least, the problem must have importance to the researcher, but ideally it should also be of consequence to others.
- 38. 7. Doable within the time frame & budget There are logistic factors in terms of your ability actually to carry out the research. There is no point pursuing a problem which is not feasible to research.
- 39. 7. Doable within the time frame & budget Do not do a study of education in India, Japan, Canada or any other country, unless you have the means to go there and collect data ̶ which may require years to collect.
- 40. 8. Data is available/obtained In some cases, there are insufficient data to address the problem. Historical persons may have died, archival materials may be lost, or there may be restrictions on access to certain environments.
- 41. As noted, it is difficult to conduct research on a distant country unless you can go there and collect local data. One under-used approach is to use an existing database. Some data banks have been developed over many years and contain many opportunities for exploration of new questions and issues.
- 42. A research problem is a statement about an area of concern, a condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to the need for meaningful understanding and
- 43. Selecting and Limiting Topic for Research 1. Brainstorm for Ideas 2. Identify the Sources of General Background Information 3. Focus on Your Topic 4. Make a List of Useful Keywords 5. Be Flexible 6. Define your topic as a Focused Research Question 7. Formulate a Thesis Statement
- 44. Characteristics of a Good Research Problem . Stated clearly and concisely . Generates research questions . Grounded in theory . Related to academic fields of study . Based in the research literature . Potential significance . Doable within the time frame & budget . Data is available/obtained
- 46. Step 1: State the current and ideal situation: School is a forum where students are preparing themselves for the future life. Through the school activities, they gain self-confidence and skills that will help them in being successful later in life. Interest of parents in a child‘s schooling life also plays an important role in his
- 47. The more parents participate in a child‘s life, the more secure child will feel which in turn will raise his self- confidence. It is one of the ideal conditions where children‘s personality can be built for future in a manner that they can tackle the challenges successfully.
- 48. Step 2: State the 5 WH questions of the study: The aim of the research is to determine the impact of a parent‘s participation in a child‘s school activities to boost his self-confidence. We plan to study here that the more interest parent‘s show, the more self-confident the child will be.
- 49. Step 3: State the scope and method for investigative study: To conduct this research, we will gather the data from all the local schools in the area and attempt to conduct this research through the help of questionnaires and personal interviews that will be filled out by the students and their parents.
- 50. 1. How is the research problem written? _________________________________ ____ 2. What are the steps in writing the research problem? _________________________________ ____ 3. Does it provide you with the significant information?
- 52. Formulation of research problem refers to stating the problem in researchable manner. It means to portray the topic in a way that it becomes ready for scientific investigation. A research problem is simply research topic.
- 53. A researcher needs to refine the topic and clearly state what is intended to explore about the topic. Formulation of the research problem basically includes narrowing down the research area and formulating the objectives.
- 54. 1. Identify a broad research area of your interests – You should first select a major area which you want to investigate. Such area must have a wide significance and must be according to your interest, knowledge and specialty. Example: Domestic Violence
- 55. 2. Dissect the broad area into sub-areas – You need to narrow down the area into a specific topic that is researchable and manageable for the researcher. Examples: Causes of Domestic Violence Impacts of Domestic Violence on children Services available to the victims of Domestic Violence
- 56. 3. Select one of the sub-areas – Select one sub-area that interests you more and is more feasible and manageable for you. Example: Impacts of Domestic Violence on Children
- 57. 4. Raise research questions – Raise important questions about the chosen sub-area which you need to answer on your research. Choose the most important and relevant ones. Example: How Domestic Violence affects the child’s academic performance?
- 58. 5. Formulate Objectives – the objectives of the study basically stem out of the research questions. The difference between research questions and objective is the way they are written. Example: To examine the influence of Domestic Violence on the child’s academic performance
- 59. A good research problem must have the following components: • It should answer the 5 WH questions of the research, i.e., what, who, where, why and when • It should explain purpose of the research • It should explain the scope of the study • It should identify the major variables of the problem
- 60. Check if these characteristics are present in the sample problem about child labor. _____1. The problem can be stated clearly and concisely. _____ 2. The problem generates research questions.
- 61. Check if these characteristics are present in the sample problem about child labor. _____ 3. It is grounded in theory. _____ 4. It relates to one or more academic fields of study. _____ 5. It is based on the research literature.
- 62. Check if these characteristics are present in the sample problem about child labor. _____ 6. It has potential significance/ importance. _____ 7. It is do-able within the time frame, budget. _____ 8. Sufficient data are available or can be obtained.
- 63. Check if these characteristics are present in the sample problem about child labor. _____ 9. The researcher‘s methodological strengths can be applied to the problem. _____ 10. The problem is new; it is not already answered sufficiently.