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- 1. Subject: IE (03109305) Topic : Plant layout class: 5A6 Alpesh C Patel 160303109749 Darshit P patel 160303109753 Name and Enrol no. WhatsApp or Mail me for help: WhatsApp no. +918460951756 Mail: eagleghost1997@gmail.com
- 2. PLANT LAYOUT Plant layout is a floor plan of the physical facilities which are used in production. Layout planning refers to the generation of several possible plans for the special arrangement of physical facilities and selects the one which minimizes the distance between the departments.
- 3. OBJECTIVES OF PLANT LAYOUT The objectives of plant layout are: Minimize investment in equipment. Minimize overall production time. Utilize existing space most effectively. Provide for employee convenience, safety and comfort. Maintain flexibility of arrangement and operation. Minimize materials handling cost. Facilitate the manufacturing process. Facilitate the organizational structure.
- 4. CLASSIFICATION OF LAYOUT Layouts can be classified into the following four categories. Process layout Product layout Combination layout Fixed position layout
- 5. PROCESS LAYOUT In a process layout, similar machines and services are located together. Therefore, all drills will be located in one area of the plant. Process layout is normally used when the production volume is not sufficient to justify a product layout. Typically, job shops employ process layout due to the variety of products manufactured and their low production volumes.
- 6. PRODUCT LAYOUT Product layout is used when machines and auxiliary services are located according to the processing sequence of the product. The product layout is selected when the volume of production of a product is high such that a separate production line to manufacture it can be justified. In a strict product layout, machines are not shared by different products. Therefore the production volume must be sufficient to achieve satisfactory utilization of equipment.
- 7. Combination Layout A combination of process and product layouts combines the advantages of the both types of layouts. A combination layout is also useful when a number of items are produced in same sequence but none of the items are to be produced in bulk and thus no item justifies for an individual and independent production line. For example, files, hacksaws, circular metal saws, wood saws, etc. can be manufactured on a combination type of layout. (c) Combination layout
- 8. It is the static product layout, or layout by fixed position, in which the physical characteristics of the product dictate as to which type of machine and men are to be brought to the product. The ship building company commonly employs a static product layout. Since, the static product layout is not justified except in unusual situations, it has limited scope. FIXED POSITION LAYOUT
- 9. ADVANTAGES •Machines are better utilized; fewer machines are required. •A high degree of flexibility in terms of task allocation to machines exists. •Comparatively low investment in machines is required. •The diversity of tasks offers a more interesting and satisfying occupation for the operator. LIMITATIONS •Material handling cost will be high. •Production planning and control systems are more involved. •Throughput time is longer. •Large amount of in-process inventory will result. •Space and capital are tied up by work in process. •Higher grades of skills are required. ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF PROCESS LAYOUT
- 10. ADVANTAGES •The flow of product will be smooth and logical in flow lines. •In-process inventory is less. •Throughput time is less. •Material handling cost is minimum. •Operators need no be skilled. •Simple production planning and control systems are possible. •Less space is occupied by work in transit and for temporary storage. LIMITATIONS •A breakdown of one machine in a product line may cause stoppages of machines in the downstream of the line. •A change in product design may require major alterations in the layout. •The line output is decided by the bottleneck machine. •Comparatively high investment in equipment is required. ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF PRODUCT LAYOUT
- 11. ADVANTAGES Group technology layout can increase the items given in list A and it can decrease the items given in list B. List A •Component standardization and rationalization •Reliability of estimates •Effective machine operation •Productivity Costing accuracy List B Planning effort Paper work Setting time Down time Work in progress ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF GROUP TECHNOLOGY LAYOUT