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Pathogens - Agents ofPathogens - Agents of
DiseaseDisease
Bacteria
Protists
Viruses
Worms
Fungi
Viruses are NOT alive!Viruses are NOT alive!
Not made of cells!
Do not use energy
Made of nucleic acid surrounded by a
protein coat
Genes are expressed using the machinery of
the host cell they infect
Head
Tail
sheath
DNA
Tail
fiber
RNA
Capsid
proteins
RNA
Capsid
Surface
proteins Membrane
envelope
The Immune System:The Immune System:
Non-Specific DefensesNon-Specific Defenses
1st
line
Skin, mucus, tears, stomach acid
2nd
line – Inflammatory Response
Blood flow increases to site of tissue damage
WBC’s called macrophages ingest and destroy the pathogen
Fever
Specific DefensesSpecific Defenses
Immune system response to
ONE PARTICULAR pathogen
Triggered by an antigen on
surface of pathogens
Antibodies bind to antigens
Antibodies mark antigens for
destruction by the
macrophages
Very specific
Immunological MemoryImmunological Memory
Primary Immune Response
Secondary Immune Response
Immune System Disorders:Immune System Disorders:
Allergies
Overreactions of the immune
system
Mast cells produce histamines
Signals inflammation
Autoimmune Disorders
Immune system mistakenly
attacks its own cells
Type 1 Diabetes, rheumatoid
arthritis
Immune system for moodle

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Immune system for moodle

  • 1. Pathogens - Agents ofPathogens - Agents of DiseaseDisease Bacteria Protists Viruses Worms Fungi
  • 2. Viruses are NOT alive!Viruses are NOT alive! Not made of cells! Do not use energy Made of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat Genes are expressed using the machinery of the host cell they infect Head Tail sheath DNA Tail fiber RNA Capsid proteins RNA Capsid Surface proteins Membrane envelope
  • 3. The Immune System:The Immune System: Non-Specific DefensesNon-Specific Defenses 1st line Skin, mucus, tears, stomach acid 2nd line – Inflammatory Response Blood flow increases to site of tissue damage WBC’s called macrophages ingest and destroy the pathogen Fever
  • 4. Specific DefensesSpecific Defenses Immune system response to ONE PARTICULAR pathogen Triggered by an antigen on surface of pathogens Antibodies bind to antigens Antibodies mark antigens for destruction by the macrophages Very specific
  • 5. Immunological MemoryImmunological Memory Primary Immune Response Secondary Immune Response
  • 6. Immune System Disorders:Immune System Disorders: Allergies Overreactions of the immune system Mast cells produce histamines Signals inflammation Autoimmune Disorders Immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells Type 1 Diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis