Implementing and Upgrading Clinical Information Systems
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Clinical information systems (CIS) integrate medical applications and technologies to collect, store, and analyze healthcare data to provide secure access for clinicians. A CIS includes electronic medical records, clinical decision support, and tools for training and research. Key benefits include easier access to patient data, improved searchability, enhanced safety, and data analysis. Nurses, physicians, administrators and other staff must be involved in selecting and implementing a CIS to ensure it meets clinical needs. The implementation process involves eight phases from planning to evaluation to ensure the system functions properly. Overall, a well-implemented CIS aims to make healthcare delivery and decision making more efficient, safer and higher quality.
Implementing and Upgrading Clinical Information Systems
- 1. Implementing and Upgrading Clinical Information Systems
- 2. Overview of CIS – What is a CIS? • “CIS is an array or collection of applications and functionality; amalgamation of systems, medical equipment, and technologies working together that are committed or dedicated to collecting, storing, and manipulating healthcare data and information and providing secure access to interdisciplinary clinicians navigating the continuum of client care. Designed to collect patient data in real time to enhance care by providing data at the clinician’s fingertips and enabling decision making where it needs to occur-at the bedside”.
- 3. Overview of CIS • Some areas addressed by CIS are: • “Clinical decision support: This provides users with the tools to acquire, manipulate, apply and display appropriate information to aid in the making of correct, timely and evidence- based clinical decisions. • Electronic medical records (EMR): this contains information about the patient, from their personal details, such as their name, age, address and sex to details of every aspect of care given by the hospital (from routine visits to major operations) • Training and Research: Patient information can be made available to physicians for the purpose of training and research. Data mining of the information stored in databases could provide insights into disease states and how best to manage them”
- 4. What are some benefits of a CIS? • Ease of obtaining patient data at the point of care • Ability to search patient data easily • There is no concern with legibility of charting • Ability to analyze data easily • Enhanced patient safety
- 5. Who are the key players to a CIS? • Nurses • Nurse managers • Support staff • Performance improvement analysts • Physicians • Administration After all, all of these people will have to use the system!
- 6. Who should be involved in picking a CIS? • Nurses HAVE to be involved in choosing a good CIS • “It behooves nurses to be engaged in the acquisition, design, implementation, and evaluation of CIS to assure the realization of benefits for clinical care and outcomes”
- 7. Clinical Information Systems assists clinicians with data necessary for decision-making and problem solving. It must serve the organization and the patient in much the same way an efficient health care delivery system involves all appropriate departments in establishing health care delivery processes
- 8. Major Clinical Information Systems Requirements for Nursing 1. To administer a nursing department 2. To assist the management of nursing practice 3. To assist nursing education 4. To support nursing research
- 9. Eight Phases of Clinical Information Systems Implementation 1. PLANNING - begins once an organization has determined that an existing need or problem may be filled or solved by the development or implementation of a Clinical Information System or application. 2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS - also known as fact finding phase, all data requirements related to the problem defined in the project scope agreement are collected and analyzed to gain a sound understanding of the current system, how it is used, and what is needed from the new system.
- 10. Eight Phases (con't) 3. SYSTEM DESIGN/ SYSTEM SELECTION - the design details of the systems and the detailed plans for implementing the system are developed for both the functional and the technical components of the system. Acceptance of the system proposal by the steering committee heralds the beginning of the system design phase. 4. DEVELOPMENT
- 11. Eight Phases (con't) 5. TESTING - ensure that all data are processed correctly and the desired outputs are generated. Testing verifies that the computer programs are written correctly and ensures that when implemented in the production environment, the system will function as planned. 6. TRAINING - it is essential to train the end users how to use the system properly. A Clinical Information Systems will function only as well as its users understand its operation and the operations streamline the work.
- 12. Eight Phases (con't) 7. IMPLEMENTATION - organizes all the steps into a detailed plan describing the series of events required to begin using the system or application in the production or live environment and details the necessary computer and software maintenance operations required to keep the system running. 8. EVALUATION - describes and assesses, in detail, the new system’s performance. Using the criteria established in planning and system design phases, the evaluation process summaries the entire system, identifying both the strengths and weaknesses of the implementation process. An evaluation study often leads to system revisions and ultimately a better system.
- 13. Why a CIS? “The use of health information technology should lead to more efficient, safer, and higher quality care” If utilized correctly, the CIS makes our jobs easier!