Implications of a Mobile Computing World for Academic Libraries and Their Users

Implications of a Mobile
Computing World for
Academic Libraries and
Their Users
2013 Snezek Library Leadership Institute
Westmont College, Santa Barbara, CA July 19, 2013
Merrill Johnson, Dean of Libraries, George Fox University
Robin Ashford, Ref & E-Learning Librarian, George Fox Univ

Working Definition: Mobile
• Distinguishing features: mobile
operating system, touchscreen,
internet connectivity, use of apps.
• Mobile devices:
o Smartphones & similar devices
o Tablets

Evolution of Mobile
Smartphones:
o Introduced in 2007; by end of 2012 over 1 billion sold
around the world.
o According to the 2012 Educause Center for Analysis and
Research (ECAR) 2012 Study: 62% (2012) of students
own smartphone; up from 55% (2011).
o 67% of students say they use for academic purposes, up
from 37% in 2011.
o Among students who use a smartphone for academics
44% use an iPhone, 46% use an Android device.

Evolution of Mobile
Tablets:
o Over 200 million shipped between 2009 and
2012. Projected over one billion will ship in next
five years.
o A third (34%) of American adults ages 18 and
older own a tablet computer.

Evolution of Mobile - Apps
• First quarter of 2013 alone more than 13.4 billion
downloads across four major app stores.
• Apple's App Store topped 40 billion downloads
at end of 2012, with nearly 20 billion in 2012
alone.
Fact: the number of minutes people spend on
average each day on mobile apps in the U.S. is
94 -flurry.com

Evolution of Mobile
Adobe Digital Marketing - Tablets trump smartphones in global website traffic

Evolution of Mobile
At GFU, during past three years over 50+% of
devices using wireless network are mobile.

Evolution of Mobile in Libraries
• By 2010 44% of academic libraries nationally
offered some type of mobile library service.
• 2012 pacific northwest library survey revealed
52.7% had a mobile-friendly web-site; 48.6% had a
mobile friendly catalog interface.

History and Evolution of Mobile @ GFU Library
GFU libraries launched mobile site in fall 2010. Included catalog.

History and Evolution of Mobile
@ GFU Library
Incorporated mobile access from database vendors
(e.g., ebrary and EBSCOhost) into user education.

Assessment of Mobile @ GFU Library
• 150% increase in mobile device visits
to library web site: 2,068 in 2011/12;
5,167 in 2012/13.
• 3,296 visits to library mobile site in
2012/13.
• Formal evaluation in the near future.

What the Mobile OS Means for Libraries

From Standard Operating Systems...

...to Mobile Operating Systems
(it’s not just a smaller screen)
iPhone
iOS (Apple)
Nexus 7 Tablet
Android OS (Jelly Bean)

Reaching Our Mobile Users
Considering a library app or mobile
presence of some kind?
There are a few options...

Native App, Mobile Site, Responsive Web Design
Native app
A software application developed
specifically to run on the
architecture of a mobile device,
and which is downloaded,
purchased, and upgraded through a
central distribution portal
(such as the App Store).
Definitions - Stanford IT - Web Publishing
for Mobile Terminology

Web app: Uses web browser technology on the Internet to display a mobile URL on
a device, often with a different appearance than the corresponding desktop website.

Responsive web design: A website that responds to the device that
accesses it and delivers the appropriate output for it uses responsive
design.
ACRL Tech Connect Article: Responsive Web Design

Digital Content: E-books and DRM

http://libguides.georgefox.edu/content.php?pid=461430&sid=3777009

Library Vendors:
Developing for the
Mobile Market

After installing the app on your device, it must be
authenticated from the EBSCOhost or EBSCO
Discovery Service interface. To authenticate the
EBSCOhost app:
1.Log into EBSCOhost.
2.Click the EBSCOhost iPhone and Android
Applications link at the bottom of the page and
enter an email address which you can access from your
device. An email with an authentication key is sent to
you.
3.Access the email from your device and click the link
found in the email to authenticate the application.You
have 24 hours to access the key.

Apps for Research & Education
http://libguides.georgefox.edu/MobileApps

Library Research Apps
http://libguides.georgefox.edu/MobileApps

Teaching Library Instruction Classes on Mobile
(for programs gone mobile)
Blog Post: http://librarianbydesign.blogspot.com/2012/06/teaching-library-research-on-ipad.html

Helpful Services for Mobile Users

Learn more: http://nsc.nevada.libguides.com/ipads (QR Code resolves to the libguide to learn more)
Tablets for loan at Nevada State College Library

UTexas Library Catalog
Scanning library card
24-hr texting at VCU
Reference help for
student
questions using
Google Hangouts on
iPad

QR (quick response) Codes
•Fad, trend, practical?
•How long will QR codes stick
around?
•Will they mainstream in North
America?
•Does it matter?

Marketing and Education at BSU Albertsons Library
http://guides.boisestate.edu/QRcodes
QR Codes & Libraries: The Library Audio
Tour at BYU Library by M.
Whitchurch Audio Tour Map
Thoughtful strategies for helpful QR codes...

Changing Mobile Landscape - New and Soon:
Phablets, OLED Displays - YOUMs and more
Phablets = 5”- 6.9” displays
OLED = flexible screens
OLED-Info Samsung YOUM
OLED Wikipedia

New Reading Experiences - NYPL Biblion Award Winning iPad App
-Free!

Convergence of Print & Digital - Reading and Learning
Experiences with Augmented Reality (AR)
Playing with the AR App IMAG-N-O-TRON Playing with Flying Morris in the GFU Library
NYTimes AR Example

Emerging Tech and Looking Forward - AR Educational Applications
AR medical app for patient education
Augmented Reality - Teaching and Learning with Aurasma
Ex: Macular Degeneration - EyeDecide App
Aurasma Site

Emerging Tech - Smarter Smartphones
NFC (near field communication), Apple Passbook and more
Apple Passbook vs. Google
Wallet
Will hardware or software win the
mobile payment game?
Examples: NFC tags can replace QR codes, walking by
the library with a passbook card your smartphone
notifies of a book ready for pickup on the hold shelf, etc.
What does NFC and
Passbook cards and
notifications have to do
with libraries?

Thank you!
References and image credits on following slides.

References
ABI, R. (1). U.S. Consumer Tablet On-device Spending Soars with 22% of Users Spending More Than $50 per Month, Says ABI
Research. Business Wire (English)
Apple. "App Store Tops 40 Billion Downloads with Almost Half in 2012." Business Wire (English) July 0001: Regional Business
News. Web. 7 July 2013.
Statista, Inc., company dossier. Retrieved June 4, 2013 from http://www.statista.com/topics/840/smartphones/
Ashford, Robin, and Laura Zeigen (February 2012). Mobile Technology in Libraries Survey-Academic Libraries. Presented at
Online Northwest, Corvallis, Oregon. http://www.ohsu.edu/xd/education/library/about/staff-
directory/upload/mobile_survey_ACADEMIC_final.pdf
Online NW Full Presentation
ECAR 2012 Report, Infographic, PPTX, etc.
http://www.educause.edu/library/resources/ecar-study-undergraduate-students-and-information-technology-2012
International Business, T. (2013, April 10). Top 4 App Stores Log 13.4 Billion Downloads in Q1 2013. International Business
Times.
NMC Horizon Report 2013 Higher Education Edition. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 July 2013. <http://www.nmc.org/publications/2013-
horizon-report-higher-ed>.
Thomas, L. (2010). Gone Mobile? (Mobile Libraries Survey 2010). Library Journal, 135(17), 30-34.
White, Tyler. "Tablets Trump Smartphones in Global Website Traffic." Adobe Digital Marketing Blog. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 July 2013.
<http://blogs.adobe.com/digitalmarketing/digital-index/tablets-trump-smartphones-in-global-website-traffic/>.
Zickuhr, Kathryn. "Tablet Ownership 2013." For the First Time, a Third of American Adults Own Tablet Computers. N.p., n.d. Web.
02 July 2013. <http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2013/Tablet-Ownership-2013/Findings.aspx>.

Image Credits / Reading List
Image slide #13 Computers by Valley Library (Oregon State University)
Image slide #13 Mobile devices by Joint Base Lewis McChord
Image slide #13 Students in library study room by by East Georgia State College
Image slide #15 Mobile OS image of hand with Sony mobile Xperia™ smartphones by vernieman
Image slide #27 Smartphone Printing by Lester Public Library
Image slide #29 Scan library card iPhone by Brian Herzog
Pre-session reading list:
Dresselhaus, A., & Shrode, F. (2012). Mobile Technologies & Academics: Do Students Use Mobile
Technologies in Their Academic Lives and are Librarians Ready to Meet this Challenge?. Information
Technology and Libraries, 31(2), 82-101. http://ejournals.bc.edu/ojs/index.php/ital/article/view/2166
Thomas, Lisa Carlucci (2012, February 7). The State of Mobile in Libraries 2012. The Digital Shift.
http://www.thedigitalshift.com/2012/02/mobile/the-state-of-mobile-in-libraries-2012/.
Walsh, A. (2012). Mobile information literacy: a preliminary outline of information behaviour in a mobile
environment. Journal of information literacy, 6(2), 56-69.
http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/15435/

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