Inclusive rebuilding proposal final edition

Universidad Austral de Chile
“Knowledge and Nature”

Proposal “Inclusive Rebuilding Plan”.
Committee on Social Inclusion and Disability, Universidad Austral de Chile.

Developed by:

-Carlos Kaiser Mansilla, Collaborating Expert Committee on Social Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities of the Universidad Austral de
Chile Kaiser.carlos@gmail.com

-Cristian Salazar C. Academic Universidad Austral de Chile, Coordinating Committee on Social Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities of the
Universidad Austral de Chile.cristiansalazar@uach.cl

INDEX

Abstract .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................3
Introduction....................................................................................................................................................................................................................4
Context Analysis…….......................................................................................................................................................................................................6
Antecedents :…...............................................................................................................................................................................................................6
Dimension…....................................................................................................................................................................................................................7
Rule of Law and Inclusive Rebuilding………………...........................................................................................................................................................10
Proposals......................................................................................................................................................................................................................15
Problem Tree……….………… ...........................................................................................................................................................................................16
Objective Tree………………..............................................................................................................................................................................................17
Strategic option….........................................................................................................................................................................................................18
Inclusion Index Calculation Matrix…………...................................................................................................................................................................21
Proposals:….................................................................................................................................................................................................................24
Disasters and emergency relief………………...................................................................................................................................................................25
Inclusive Rebuilding……….…………………….....................................................................................................................................................................28
Future disasters and emergency relief inclusive prevention........................................................................................................................................30
Final recommendations….............................................................................................................................................................................................31
Acknowledge ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................31
Annex I..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................32

Abstract:
"When facing disaster and emergency situations, along with subsequent reconstruction efforts, the global trend has been, up to now, no proper
reaction regarding implementing solutions to the needs of people with disabilities, a situation that contravenes international treaties on human
rights conventions and specific human rights of persons with disabilities ones. This trend can be seen whenever the Office for the Coordination of
Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), belonging to the United Nations, includes variables such as gender, but has no special measures for people with
disabilities. In Chile, the Earthquake and Tsunami 8.8 º Richter happened on 27th February 2010, showed the urgent that need that public-private
efforts aimed at inclusive rebuilding. In this regard, the authorities must use all available legal powers, good governance, together with the use of
tools and methodologies specifically designed for that purpose, with an inclusion indicator to quantify and qualify the impacts of actions. The
objectives of this paper are:

 Ob. No. 1: To contribute to the inclusive reconstruction of our country, presenting a series of proposals and a measuring instrument.
 Ob. No. 2: To contribute to the establishment of inclusive reconstruction important issue within the national agenda.
 Ob. No. 3: deliver to the authorities and institutions committed to rebuilding technical inputs for inclusive reconstruction.
 Ob. No. 4: To contribute to the establishment of networks towards inclusive reconstruction.

The expected outputs are:

a) Document with directions and suggestions for dealing with disasters and emergencies with a focus on inclusion.

b) Document with directions and suggestions for Inclusive Rebuilding.

Keywords: Earthquake, Tsunami, rule of law, Disability, Inclusive rebuilding, disaster and emergency relief, good governance, Integrated Land
Management, International Classification of Functioning, Inclusion Index Matrix Calculation.

Introduction
After the earthquake happened on February the 27th 2010, the Committee on Social Inclusion and Disability of the Universidad Austral de Chile
understood the relevance of working on the needs of persons with disabilities living in disaster zones. Emergency, disaster relief and inclusive
rebuilding must be considered a national and international key aspect. This paper has been done based on the observance of the corporate ethics
values of the university, following up the spirit of the first human rights convention for persons with disabilities.

The first version of this document, drafted in the first week after the earthquake, was broadcast via the internet to different countries, individuals
and institutions. Was accepted and published by the International Cooperation Agency of Japan, on its Web site Jica Friends1, part of its disability
program. The National Disability Service of Chile (SENADIS), collected all the suggestions contained in the document and used them to develop
their emergency plan of action.

2 3 4
The Committee on Social Inclusion and Disability Uach is collaborating or in contact with Mideplan JICA, PAHO, SENADIS, Ciudad Accesible ,
among others.

Guiding principles:
1. The defense of the role of the person with disabilities as subjects of rights.
2. The protection of the dignity of the human person in the emergency and inclusive rebuilding efforts.
3. The promotion of actions based on the concept of disability seen from the approach proposed by the World Health Organization in their
International Classification of Functioning CIF.
4. The human rights of people with disabilities as an obligation referred to and protected by the rule of law.
5. The promotion of a holistic approach, the person with disabilities is understood as a dynamic whole that requires, like all other human
beings, to be valued and respected, attended the psychological, material, the community aspects of his/ hers life.

1
http://jicafriends.jp/projects/latinamerica/chile/l2003carlos/index.html
2
Universidad Austral de Chile
3
Planning Ministry, Chile
4
Accessible City, it is a famous Chilean NGO, they promote full universal accessibility.

This paper is divided into two areas:

I) Context Analysis.

 Background.
 Dimension.
 Rule of law and Inclusive rebuilding.

II) Proposals.

 Methodologies and tools.
 Disasters and emergencies relief.
 Inclusive rebuilding.

Context Analysis

Background:

Chile has suffered the ravages of an earthquake of 8.8 degrees on the Richter scale and a tsunami. The reconstruction of Chile must consider the
needs of the entire national population without excluding people with disabilities. The plan calls for rebuilding to effectively live under the rule of law
and to act more efficiently in an emergency. It can be implemented in its various components by the central government, regional government,
municipalities, NGOs, the private sector among others. The plan for its implementation will require political will, networking, spirit of justice and
observance of the rule of law.

Inclusive Rebuilding is defined as: "to build and rebuild Chile with places, buildings, technologies, procedures, practices, protocols and initiatives
with universal access and usage, to enhance the functionality5 of people with disabilities based on respect for the law and international treaties.

The reasons for rebuilding in the form of an inclusive are:

1. Ethics: justice, equality, liberty, fraternity and the pursuit of happiness should prevail.
2. Legal: compliancy of Article 1 of the Constitution of the Republic of Chile, the International Convention of Human Rights, the International
Convention of Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the new disability law (20,422), the Consumer Rights Act, the accessibility act
among many other legislation.
3. Economic: to give autonomy to the generation of employment, more people would enter to the labor force, thus generating wealth. If more
people with disabilities become economically active, their families may participate in productive work, raising family incomes and
contributing to national reconstruction.

5
IFC

Human dimension.

People with disabilities represent an important percentage of population in the affected zones. The following chart show figures breakdown by
affected regions.

Source: own production based on Endisc 2004 (First National Study of Disability, Chile)

When calculating the Number of inhabitants per area affected by implementing the calculation of prevalence of Endisc 2004, the number of
disabled people living in affected areas is over a million and a half people. However, this figure corresponds to the total number of disabled people
affected, but not necessary facing trouble. The challenge of authority is complex because not all people with disabilities are related or linked with
networks participating with government or private agencies (users / partners).

Region Total population National Census % People with disabilities Endisc Total Nº of PwD (Census 2002-
2002 20046 Endisc 2004
Valparaiso Region 1,539,852 8.5% 130,887.42
O’Higgins Region 780,627 15.1% 117,874.68
Del Maule Region 908,907 17.8% 161,641.24
Bio Bio Region 1,861,562 15.1% 281,095.86
La Araucania Region 868,535 17.5% 153,038.16
Metropolitan Region 6,061,185 11.6% 703,097.47
Total Nº of possible PwD living in the disaster zone 1,547,634.85
Source: own production based on Endisc 2004 (First National Study of Disability, Chile)

National figures, according to official estimates of the Ministry of Finance, there are 800,000 homeless peole. Applying a conservative estimate of
reducing the prevalence of people with disabilities to only 10% of the population living in affected areas, we would have a baseline of 80,000 .-
people with disabilities in homeless category. It is an urgent need for hard data that yield a clear diagnosis of the real dimension of the problem.

The disaster may worsen the levels quality of life experienced by persons with disabilities. There is a direct link between disability, poverty and
social exclusion. The World Bank estimates that people with disabilities are the poorest of the poor, living on less than a dollar a day. The entity
stated in the Millennium Development Goals that "Disability and poverty form a vicious circle. Poverty often leads to disability, which then traps
people in poverty7 "

6
First National Study of Disabilities 2004, Chile
7
The eight Millennium Development Goals, which range from halving extreme poverty to halting the spread of HIV / AIDS and achieving universal primary
education by 2015, form a blueprint agreed by all nations the world and all major development institutions worldwide. They have galvanized unprecedented
efforts to help the poorest in the world.

The Casen8 survey year 20069, identifies economic situation of persons with disabilities. The following table shows the distribution by
decil.

8
It is a national survey carried by the Planning Ministry. It is a social characterization of population by income among other variables
9
The Casen 2006 concludes that, in general, people with disabilities are concentrated in lower income deciles

Rule of law and Inclusive Rebuilding.

The actions of the State, Citizens and Institutions are covered under the rule of law, defined by the Chilean Home Ministry as "rule of law means
that the State is under a legal system, which is the authentic expression the idea of law in force in society.

The foundations of the rule of law are:

1) Rule of Law: The rules should be an expression of popular will and must submit to it both rulers and ruled ones.
2) Distribution of state power in different organs: In this way state power is not concentrated in one institution, but is distributed more efficiently and
allowing proper controls to prevent arbitrariness and abuse of power.
3) The legality of the administration and responsibility of the authorities, whether criminal, civil, administrative and political.
4) Respect and guarantee human rights through the legal system which also provides the capabilities or resources that may be brought in cases of
abuse."

These being the bases of the rule of law, we must analyze the role of the state regarding with human rights. The Republic of Chile, in its
Constitution, states in Chapter I of the institutional bases article 1 the following "People are born free and equal in dignity and rights ...." Then it
notes that "The State serves the individual and its purpose is to promote the common good, which should help to create the social conditions that
enable each and every one of the members of the national community to greater spiritual fulfillment and material assistance, with full respect for
the rights and guarantees established by this Constitution".

The analysis of these points must be applied to people with disabilities. A disabled person is, above all, a person. People with disabilities rights and
obligations are identical to those of any other. The State is obliged to ensure the welfare of persons with disabilities affected by the earthquake and
tsunami of February 27th. Chilean State has acknowledge its duties in this matter to its peer states to ensure human rights of persons with
disabilities when ratified the international convention on the subject.

If public policy of reconstruction is not designed in an inclusive and universal way, the real participation of people with disabilities will be, at least
diminished.

Existing national laws and inclusive rebuilding.

Chile has specific legislation on disability, the problem is that the level of compliance is low and often violated by the very agencies that should
ensure its compliance

.
1. Law No. 20 422 That sets rules on Equal Opportunities and Social Inclusion of People with Disabilities

In Article 1 the law clearly states that: "The purpose of this law is to ensure the right to equal opportunities for persons with disabilities to obtain
their full social inclusion, ensuring the enjoyment of their rights and eliminating any forms of discrimination based on disability. "

The design of public policies for prevention and disaster relief are not appropriate and not efficient. This could be interpreted as a form of
discrimination. After the earthquake and Tsunami of 27th February 2010, official communications were made without sign language interpreters,
clearly an act of discrimination contrary to law.

The 20,422 law is clear on accessibility, a concept vital to inclusive rebuilding. In Article 8 .- states: "In order to guarantee the right to equal
opportunities for persons with disabilities, the State shall establish measures against discrimination, which consist of accessibility requirements,
implementation of necessary adjustments and prevention harassing behavior. "

In the second paragraph of that article states: "The term accessibility requirements is understood as the requirements for property, environment,
products, services and procedures, and the conditions of non-discrimination norms, standards and practices under principle of universal
accessibility. "

The law 20 422 delves into the matter in the TITLE IV: Measures for Equal Opportunities. In Paragraph 1, accessibility measures, Article 23 states:
"The State, through relevant agencies, will promote and implement positive measures to encourage the removal of architectural barriers and to
promote universal accessibility."

We can analyze the Supreme Order of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, in particular the Supreme Decree No. 32 amending the
DS N º 201, which provides accessibility for people with disabilities to public buildings and building collective. The regulation rules, among other
technical aspects, the gradient of ramps, wide doors, handrails and other important elements to ensure accessibility.

The International functioning classification approach clarifies that disability is a dynamic phenomenon in relation to the physical and cultural
environment. Architectural barriers reduce the functionality of a physically disabled person to move. If we focus the problem on the person, it would
suffice to give some technical help as a cane or a crutch. On the contrary, if we approach the problem from a legal perspective, the environment
must be modified, provided rehabilitation and social conscience, in other words, to achieve real practice of human rights of persons with
disabilities, it requires a inclusive policy applied from the Integrated Land Management. The implementation and monitoring of compliance with the
law is crucial for inclusive reconstruction of the country.

International Law and Inclusive Rebuilding.

Chile has signed several international treaties on human rights and People with disabilities-specific ones. In relation to international treaties on
human rights, the Constitution of Chile, Article 5, subsection 2, provides that “state bodies have a "duty (of) respect and promote (the essential
rights emanating from human nature ) guaranteed by this Constitution and by international treaties ratified by Chile that are in force. "

Some of the agreements listed below are not specific to the subject, but its spirit and implementation ensure compliance with the promotion of
rights in which disabled people stand out as a vulnerable group.

International treaties in force.

Following is a list containing some of the existing agreements:

1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights Adopted and proclaimed by General Assembly resolution 217 A (III) of December 10,
1948.
2. Convention on Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment of Disabled Persons of the International Labour Organisation
(Convention 159).
3. The Declaration of the Rights of Mentally Retarded (AG.26/2856 of December 20, 1971).
4. The Declaration of the Rights of Disabled Persons United Nations (Resolution No. 3447 of December 9, 1975).
5. The World Program of Action for Persons with Disabilities, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations (resolution
37/52 of December 1982 3de).
6. The Principles for the Protection of Mental Illness and the Improvement of Mental Health Care (AG.46/119, 17 December 1991)
7. The Declaration of Caracas of the Pan American Health Organization, the resolution on the Status of Persons with Disabilities in
the Americas (AG / Res. 1249 (XXIII-O/93).
8. The Standard Rules on Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities (AG.48/96 of December 20, 1993).
9. The Declaration of Managua, December 1993.
10. The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action adopted by the World Conference of the United Nations on Human Rights
(157/93).
11. The resolution on the Situation of Disabled Persons in the Americas (AG / Res. 1356 (XXV-O/95).
12. Panama Commitment to Persons with Disabilities in the American (AG / Res. 1369 (XXVI-O/96).
13. International Convention of Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities, ratified by Chile in August 2008.

Proposals.

In order to generate feasible and viable proposals, the first step was to identify the central problem with its causes and effects. The next step was
to develop the work from the chosen strategic option.

We attached methodologies and tools designed to facilitate the implementation of the proposals. The results have been processed in proper
proposals.

For its realization it is necessary to create networks, involving the general public, organizations of and for Persons with Disabilities, the state,
private sector and international organizations.

Problem Tree:

Decreased real social inclusion opportunities for PwD

Deficient attention to PwD
PwD with increased
PwD in need of Loss of obtained Increased affected by the earthquake
problems to access to
emergency housing functionality dependency level
social benefits
Inadecqate
PwD with increased Rehabilitation and help
problem to do their Difficulties to Deficient
Homeless PwD treatments displacement coordination diagnosis
errands
interrupted

Disabilities and
earthquake problem First level effect: PwD with increased vulnerability
tree

Central problem: People with disabilities see the difficulties for they to exercise their rights and duties
increased by the damages caused by the earthquake and tsunami

First level cause: Destruction and damages originated by the mega 8.8º
Richter earthquake and Tsunami February 27th 2010.

Deficient Inadequate system
Damaged or
Damaged or destroyed Damaged or destroyed Damaged PwD’s presence of of people with
destroyed streets,
houses Pubic usage buildings attention networks disability disabilities needs
avenues
variable in in disasters zones
public policies
Damaged or
destroyed bridges
Deficient tools

Inadequate inclusive anti seismic planning

Source: Uach own production

Solution tree

Increased real social inclusion opportunities for PwD

Efficient attention to PwD
PwD with adapted PwD with increased access Regained functionality Increased affected by the earthquake
housing conditions to social benefits levels independency level
Adequate
PwD with increased help
independence to do their Rehabilitation and Easier
PwD with homes coordination Efficient diagnosis
errands treatments continued displacement

Disabilities and
earthquake objective First level effect: PwD with decreased vulnerability
tree

Central problem: People with disabilities see their opportunities to exercise their rights and duties
increased by the inclusive rebuilding efforts

First level cause: inclusive rebuilding of the destruction and damages
originated by the mega 8.8º Richter earthquake and Tsunami February
27th 2010.

Efficient Adequate system
Repaired wD’s Repaired streets, presence of of people with
Rebuilt houses Rebuilt Pubic buildings
attention networks avenues disability disabilities needs
variable in in disasters zones
public policies

Repaired bridges
Efficient tools

Inadequate inclusive anti seismic planning


Strategic option.

"Poor variable presence of disabilities in public policy" Line was chosen.

Nature of strategic option:

1) Legal nature: poor presence of disability variable is itself an act of discrimination issue contrary to the Convention of Human Rights, the First
Convention of Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities, United Nations Standard Rules, the current legislation of different countries, given that
States and / or entities at different levels, deliberately or by default, tend not to meet the needs of people with disabilities immediately in case of
disaster. It is common practice to leave the attention to the needs of people with disabilities as one of the last tasks when they are served.

2) Ethics Nature: a weak presence of the disability variable is against the principles of justice and equality, difficult freedom, is not an expression
of brotherhood and becomes a hindrance to the pursuit of happiness of people with disabilities.

3) Administrative nature: poor presence of disabilities variable delays and generated little coverage emergency relief of persons with
disabilities. It does not provide the Integrated Land Management approach and subtraction impact to the Products, Goods and Services.

4) Economic nature: poor presence of the disability variable hampers the optimization variable and efficient management of resources, while
making more expensive processes.

Having an efficient variable presence of disability in public policies generated a series virtuous effects, as shown in the following
table:

Public policies and disaster relief with "Disabilities variable" leads to:

Good practices that have a" Inclusion indicator", leads to

Coordinated inter sectorial work, facilitating:

Eficiency and efectiviness in proces control, wich is translated into:

Real and effective respects of People with disabilities right, that leads to concrete
actions, measurable in theit cuantity and cuality.


To enable the effective inclusion of persons with disabilities, we must work with logic processes.

Disability variable Inclusion indicator inclusion index

Critical tool of analysis of the Instrument to quantify and Tool to evaluate how inclusive
presence of positive action qualify the presence of is a project, a commodity,
towards disabled people. Products, Goods and Services good or service.
with Disability variable.


The application must be made by multi- sectoral teams, with adaptations to local needs and realities. Measures should be taken with emphasis on
Integrated Land Management, ordering products, goods and services of each institution in order to optimize resources and strengthen the results.

Integrated Land Management, disability variable included into Goods, Products and Services, matrix
Institution
PwD needs detected
Integrated Land Management GPS Distribution networks
Goods
Products
Services

Inclusive Index Calculation Matrix

This methodology is based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. It works on environment aspects. It is not
designed to evaluate Peoples with disabilities’ skills, it is designed to measure how inclusive a place, procedure, methodology or a technology is.
It can be used in the whole project cycle.

Calculation of inclusion level

The calculation variables are:

•Autonomy: the ability to perform an action or activity without the need third parties intervention (strengthens independent living).
•Dignity: design procedures, technology usage, spaces designed to be used protecting the respect due to every person, avoiding situations that
might be uncomfortable.
• Security: the presence of protective factors (physical and / or social) that prevent or decrease the risk of accidents and / or loss of functionality.
• Reasonable time of usage: time of usage of a given facility, furniture, technology or a procedure should be optimally the same time required by
any user.

Scale

In the design stage levels 0 and 1 can be reached. Given the complexity of the operations that a user could be made for use or participate,
sometimes maximum level attainable is 1.

Level 0 = Optimal level (universal access). The project guarantees free transit, use and participation of people with different types and degrees of
disabilities. The person with disability can perform independently, his/ hers dignity, safety, autonomy and proper time of usage is guaranteed.

Level 1 = good. The project provides free transit, use or participation of people with different types and degrees of disability. The person with
disability can perform most of the time independently, but sometimes with third party support. His/ hers dignity, safety, autonomy and proper time
of usage is respected, but It is recommended to enhance the aspects that can be improved to rise to level 0.

Level 2 = acceptable level. The project gives priority to the welfare (as) users and users in different contexts of performance. In its present
implementation flaws easy to solve, so it is recommended to optimize results. The project allows the integration, and partially supports inclusion.

Level 3 = basic level. The project seeks to prioritize the welfare for its users in different contexts of performance.
In its implementation are presented intractable weaknesses, so that should improve and optimize performance. The project has serious problems
to enable the integration and is not conducive to inclusion.

Level 4 = Level exclusive. The project does not allow or hinder the participation of people with disabilities. It respects no rights and is deficient in
the variables of autonomy, dignity and security.

Inclusive Index Calculation Matrix
Entity
Division/ unit
Project
Stage
Territory
Users
Inclusion indicators Dimensions given in this charts are just examples. They can be customized depending on the nature of project to be
evaluated
Dimension Variables Scale
0 1 2 3 4
Accessibility to physical space: Autonomy
does everyone use, without Security
barriers or obstacles, the same
access, facilities and services, Dignity
with security, dignity, autonomy
and with a reasonable time of Reasonable time of usage
usage (if the result is = 0 is a
project with universal
accessibility).
ICT Access: everyone uses, Autonomy
without barriers or obstacles, the Security
same platforms, media and
programs, with security, dignity, Dignity
autonomy and with a reasonable
time of usage (if the result is = 0 is Reasonable time of usage
a project with universal
accessibility).
Total score

Inclusive rebuilding proposal final edition

Proposals:

Proposals are divided in 3 stages:

I) Emergency and relief: Mitigation
1) People with disabilities affected by the earthquake
2) Full accessible emergency communications

II) Inclusive rebuilding.
1) Inclusion Index Calculation Matrix
2) public use building and places
• Streets and sidewalks.
• Urban furniture.
3) Attention procedure

III) Inclusive response to catastrophes.
1) Accessible secure zones.
2) Evacuation system.
3) Rescue system.
4) Fully accessible emergency communications.

IV) Final recommendations.

Emergency and relief

First stage is about emergency and victims relief. Definitive solutions correspond to the stage of inclusive rebuilding.

Nº Problem Solution proposal
1 Detection of needs of People with 1) It is recommended the implementation of a system of user needs-focused surveys. So
disabilities living in disaster zone far there has been no sweep, government has just systematized the results of surveys
conducted to organizations, leading to statistical errors. Attached in Annex I is a survey
model, it was carried on Quirihue town. It was surveyed by a team of volunteers led by
the social worker Lilian Monsalve. The design of the survey was conducted by Carlos
Kaiser and Lilian Monsalve.
Indicators a) “Total nº of people with disabilities living in the disaster zone, in relation to the total nº
of people with disabilities living in the disaster zone surveyed about their needs.

2 People with disabilities affected by the 1) To adapt emergency housing (first stage): Users with disabilities must enjoy the greatest possible
autonomy in daily activities. Several basic adaptations should be taken into account : door width equal or
earthquake10 larger than 90 cm, there can be no steps or differences in height with the ground between the house and
the floor (outside and inside level). If a ramp is needed, it should be firm with a proper gradient (see the
manual suggests Accessible City Foundation). To adapt the emergency housing, assistance can be
asked from different sources such as “Abre” group from Telethon, universities, professional institutes and
different volunteer networks. Private companies can help by donating constructions materials.

To distribute emergency housing efficiently among people with disabilities in need local government units
have a key role. Some local governments have a municipal office for People with disabilities related
issues. Emergency housing is a temporary measure and should not become permanent.

2) Distribution of emergency technical aids: technical aids are devices that facilitate autonomy and
functionality for a disabled person. The emergence makes it unlikely that the municipalities, accredited
organizations and clinics can make nominations case by case. It is recommended to deliver technical aids
shipments to municipalities and other local accredited institutions for better and faster distribution.
It is recommended that the National Disability Service focus its technical aids funds to privilege
agreements with the above mentioned institutions to facilitate shipments delivery, it is recommended that

10
People with disabilities that lost their home and/or technical aids such as wheelchairs.

the government increase this fund to the National Disability Service. An international purchase of these
products and / or to ask international organizations help would ease any possible shortage of technical
aids.
Indicators Indicators proposal 1:
a) “Total nº of detected people with disabilities affected by the earthquake, in relation to total nº of
detected people with disabilities affected by the earthquake that received emergency houses”
b) “Total nº of detected people with disabilities affected by the earthquake that received emergency
houses, in relation to total nº of detected people with disabilities affected by the earthquake that
received adapted (accessible) emergency houses”.
Indicators proposal 2:
a) “Total nº of detected people with disabilities that lost their assistant devices (Wheel chairs,
canes, earphones among others), in relation to Total nº of detected people with disabilities that
lost their assistant devices thar received new ones”.

3 Deficient emergency communications 1 To establish and reestablish concrete emergency communication now: the deaf people
community requires that the authority makes official communications with sign
language interpreters. It is required that data on web pages can be read by readers
software for the visual impaired
Authority must respect the people with disabilities’ right to get information. It is essential in an
emergency, generates public safety and helps to save lives.
Indicators a) “Total nº of official emergency communications broadcasted, in relation to Total nº of
official emergency communications broadcasted in accessible formats (e.g, sign
language interpreters)

4 People with disabilities affected by the 1. It is recommend the delivery of a bond or a special allowance to persons with
earthquake with a very low income disabilities. Many people with disabilities and their families belong to the quintile of
greatest poverty and their needs are greater spending on things such adult diapers or
expensive medicines.
Indicators. 2. “Total nº of people with disabilities with family very low incomes detected, in relation to
Total nº of people with disabilities with family very low incomes detected receiving
special allowance”

5 Deficient access to rehabilitation 1. Before the earthquake and tsunami, there was a lack of rehabilitation offer, now most
part of the services are not working (many buildings destroyed). It is recommendable
to reestablish rehabilitation network as soon as possible. Universities, Professional
Institutes, private sector and international agencies can help to render this vital
service.
a) "Total number of people with disabilities adult age group requiring rehabilitation, in
relation to the total number of people with disabilities adult age group that require
rehabilitation and get it."
b) "Total number of people with disabilities child and adolescent age group requiring
rehabilitation, in relation to the total number of people with disabilities child and
adolescent age group who require rehabilitation and get."
c) "Total No of Community Rehabilitation Centers constructed in relation to the total
No of Community Rehabilitation Centers established in the presidential
commitment former president Bachelett it."
d) "Total nº of Community Rehabilitation Centers constructed in the affected area in
relation Total No of Community Rehabilitation Centers with infrastructure without
structural damage."
e) "Total No of Community Rehabilitation Centers constructed in the affected area in
relation to the total number Community Rehabilitation Centers constructed in the
affected area with operating equipment."
f) "Total number of private rehabilitation centers built in the affected area, in relation
to Total number of operational private rehabilitation centers built in the affected
area "

Inclusive reconstruction proposals.

This stage corresponds to the reconstruction of the country. For this stage we suggest the use of Inclusion Index Matrix Calculation as a tool for
assessing the final quality.

1) Public use building and places

1 1) It is recommended to be built in full compliance with existing rules on the accessibility of public
Public buildings with poor accessibility.
buildings, among which we refer to Article 4.1.7. of D.S. No. 47 (V. and U.), 1992, these laws are not
observed by more than 67% of state public buildings.
2) It is required that the inclusive reconstruction of Municipal Works Directorates effectively monitor the
compliance of the law in this area. Spread out the manual for universal accessibility of Corporación
Ciudad Accesible (Accessible City NGO).
3) It is recommended that Mideplan use its legal powers to refuse the order for delivery of public funds
for buildings that do not have in their blue prints levels of accessibility measures in accordance with
the law is in force.
Indicator Indicator measure 1:

a) "Total number of public buildings destroyed to be rebuilt, in relation to Total number of public buildings to
be reconstructed whose plans comply with accessibility laws and regulations."
b) "Total number of public buildings reconstructed in relation to Total number of reconstructed public buildings
that meet with accessibility laws and regulations."

Indicator measure 2:

a) "Total number of inspectors of works, in relation to the total No. of inspectors of works trained on
compliance with accessibility laws and regulations."

11
a) "Total number of funds authorized by Mideplan , in relation to Total number of funds authorized by
Mideplan for works that meet accessibility"

11
Planning Ministry

2 Public use buildings with inadequate 1) even if the entrance is accessible if the rest of the building is not, there is no use to
infrastructure design make its installations enter to the building in first place, so it is strongly recommended to build thinking in
impossible or difficult to use. the user’s needs.
2) It is recommended that buildings installations should be designed using the Inclusive
Index Calculation Matrix along with accessibility measurements.
Indicators Indicator measure 1:

a) "Total number of buildings for public use, in relation to Total number of public buildings that
meets requirements to ensure the use of its dependencies under the logic of the
total user experience."


a) "Total number of institutions involved in reconstruction, in relation to the Total Number of
institutions involved in the reconstruction trained in the use of Matrix Calculation of the Index of
Inclusion."

3 Public use buildings with inadequate 1) There are evacuation systems and emergency exits designed for people with
evacuation systems disabilities. Japan has implemented these systems in some buildings. It is
recommended to ask advice on the matter to the International Cooperation Agency of
Japan Jica, the agency has implemented these designs in Tokyo International Center
(TIC). There are measures such as evacuation sleeves that can be implemented, it is
recommended to include Chilean Fire Department in the design and monitoring of this
measure, that have to be carefully monitored after being installed.
2) Flats should be privileged in the first floor for people with disabilities to inhabit them.
3) People living or working in buildings must be trained in techniques to help to evacuate
people with disabilities.
Indicators Indicators:
a) "Total number of homes for people with disabilities in relation to the Total Number of homes
for people with disabilities with suitable emergency exit devices installed."
b) "Total Number of communities (residential / business) with members with disabilities, in
relation to No. of communities (residential / business) with members disabilities members
trained in evacuation techniques"

4 People with disabilities are mobility 1) Law and common sense are required to be followed in this area. Municipal Works
impaired by the design of streets and Directorates must ensure that law is complied. In our country there are different types
sidewalks of emergencies, so it is urgent that people with disabilities can move freely, which in
case of emergency would facilitated to go to safe areas on time.
Indicators a) "Total number of streets and sidewalks to be rebuilt, in relation to the total No. of streets and
sidewalks to be rebuilt designed according to the laws and regulations on accessibility."
b) "Total number of streets and sidewalks reconstructed in relation to the total No. of streets
and sidewalks reconstructed according to the laws and regulations on accessibility."

5 People with disabilities are mobility 1) Poor design of urban furniture can cause accidents on a normal day and multiply them
impaired by the design of urban furniture in an emergency. Urban furniture design and implementation must follow logic and
accident prevention design.
Indicator a) "Total number of urban furniture to be rebuilt, in relation to total No. of urban furniture to be
rebuilt according to the laws and regulations on accessibility."

Inclusive response to catastrophes.

1 People with disabilities face security 1) It is strongly recommended to establish safe zones in buildings, work places and
problems for deficiencies in safe zones residential ones. Safe zones must be fully accessible and there must be people trained
accessibility to help people with disabilities to reach safe zones.
Indicator a) "Total number of security zones implemented in relation to the total No. inclusive full
accessible security zones implemented"

2 People with disabilities face security 1) It is strongly recommended to establish evacuation procedures designed to save
problems for deficiencies in evacuation people with disabilities. People with disabilities should have the opportunity to
procedures subscribe to an “emergency location map” for Local authorities and emergency
agencies to know where a person with disability lives. It has to be voluntary and
personal data must be protected of improper use.
2) People with disabilities should be trained on disaster reaction.
3) A community based evacuation procedure should be established. Neighbors are closer
to a person with disability than authorities so their help would come first and save
time. For this to be implemented there must be proper training.
Indicator Indicator measure 1:

a) "Total number of communes in the country, in relation to total No. of communes with maps of
safety"
b) "Total number of communes with maps of security in relation to the total number of
communes with security map with regular testing of its implementation”


a) "Total number of persons with disabilities (or their caregivers if the person is not
autonomous), in relation to Total number of persons with disabilities (or their caregivers if the
person is not autonomous) trained in responding to disasters and emergencies."


a) "Total number of communes in the country, compared to the total number of communes in
the country with community training on inclusive response to disasters and emergencies"

3 People with disabilities face security 1) People with disabilities should have the opportunity to subscribe to an “emergency
problems for deficiencies in rescue system location map” for Local authorities and emergency agencies to know where a person
with disability lives, this date could help to rescue people with disabilities from
devastated places. To be part of this “emergency location map” has to be voluntary
and personal data must be protected of improper use.
a) "Total number of rescue agencies in relation to Total number of trained rescue
agencies in rescuing people with disabilities. "

Final Recommendations

The results of the implementation of this plan will depend on the excellent performance of the authorities, of its audit of compliance with the law.

1. It is recommended to have a real networking system with organizations and individuals with disabilities, civil society, NGOs and
international agencies.
2. The participation of organizations of and for persons with disabilities is imperative.
3. It is recommended that the social inclusion of people with disabilities should be carried on by the implementation of a Program
Management Improvement on disability inclusion.
4. It is recommended that the budget of the National Disability Service get reflected the national reconstruction effort in the items that can
contribute to solutions to reach people with disabilities. There are international organizations that can assist during these efforts.
5. To conducting a study of impact of measures implemented.

Acknowledgements

Pamela Prett, Accessible City NGO.

Dr. Armando Vasquez, PAHO.

Dr. Alberto Vargas, Inrpac.

Keiko Nakatami, Jica Jica Friends program

Lilian Monsalve, Social Worker, Chief Municipal Office of Disability I. Municipalidad de Maipú

Carolina Delgado, Graduate of Occupational Therapy, Universidad Austral de Chile.

Daniela Ulloa, Graduate of Occupational Therapy, Universidad Austral de Chile.

Paola Fuentes, DAE Uach social worker.

Without their contributions, this document would not have been possible

Annex I

Survey

Interviewer instructions.

This survey should be answered by the respondent, or by default who act as their helper, only if the person with disability is unable to respond
autonomously.

The interviewer should speak clearly. Do not induce responses. Instructions for the interviewer are in parentheses next to each question.

The data are confidential and shall not be employed in other areas outside the care of people with disabilities affected by the earthquake.
Sweep Methodology will be used.

Survey validated in the field:

The user must dial from selecting YES or NO as appropriate in implementation.

The survey was designed to be applied in an emergency situation such as that experienced in Chile, without losing its statistical validity, but with
an emphasis on simplicity in the respondent and tabulation processes. It is not a prevalence study or a functionality study.

The results of the survey will be used to:

a) Organize effective assistance to real problems.

b) to be delivered to the relevant authorities.

c) To make project proposals.

Survey "urgent needs people with disabilities affected by the earthquake and tsunami of February 27, 2010"

I. - General Identification

Data to be completed by the Interviewer

Nº Date

Region Province Commune

Interviewer name

II.- Personal identification

Name
Date of birth
Civil status
Disability (ies)
Address
Family head
If not the family head,
please give his/ her name

III. - Questionnaire

1. Were you directly affected by...? (Option 2 Tsunami is only applicable in coastal areas; you can mark more than one answer, also could have
tsunami in the town but did not affect the respondent).

Earthquake Tsunami Other

If answered option “other”, please specified

2. Did your home suffer any damage?

Yes No

3. What was the damage level? (Mark with an X)

Total Partial Minor No destruction
destruction destruction destruction

3. If there was anny damage, please described them briefely

4. Did you have a helping device? (kanes, earphones, wheelchairs, etc)

Yes No

5. Due to the earthquake, did you lost a helping device?

Yes No

If answer to question was yes, please specify

Helping device type

Kind and level of damage

6. Due to the earthquake, do you have any illness?

Yes No

If answer is yes, please specify illness and who diagnose it

If answer is yes, please specify treatment and institution providing it

7. Due to the earthquake, did you stop receiving any medical treatment?

Yes No

8. Are you registered in the National Disability Register?

Yes No

9. Do you belong to an organization?

Institution name
Goals
How many members?
Is this institution active after the
earthquake)

10. Before the earthquake, did you have a job?

Yes No

If answer is yes, please specify

11. Due to the earthquake, did you lost your job?

Yes No

12. Have you get some or any help form some or all of these institutions?

Yes No
Local government Kind of help
Regional government Kind of help
Central government Kind of help
Disability National Service Kind of help
PwD’s organizations Kind of help
NGOs Kind of help
Church (any) Kind of help
Community base Kind of help
organizations
Army Kind of help
Others Kind of help

13. Could you point out your main needs?

Emergency house
Building materials
Physiological care
Medic care
Food
Cloth
Helping devices
Others

14. Interviewer observations

Inclusive rebuilding proposal final edition

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