Institutional arrangements for implementation of rwss program in nigeria

Institutional Arrangements for
Implementation of the Rural Water Supply
and Sanitation Program in Nigeria
Dogara Bashir
National Water Resources Institute,
Kaduna
Advocacy and Sensitization Meeting for
State and LGA Policy Makers at Jigawa
State Hotels, Dutse, Nigeria on
7th
September, 2005
Presentation to
the

D. Bashir: Institutional Arrangements for Implementing RWSS Programme 2
Outline of Presentation
Water and Sanitation Sector Instruments
Action and Investment Plans (AIPs)
Technology Options for RWSS
Gross Investment Requirements
Key Phase 1 Activities
Institutional Arrangements
Community Level Management Structure
LGA Level Management Structure
Effective Delivery of WSS Services

Water and Sanitation Sector Instruments
NEEDS
The Water Resources
Management
Strategy
The
Water Resources
Policy
The
Water Law
Urban Water Supply (and
Sanitation) Programme
(Urban Sector Reform Document)
Small-Towns Water Supply and
Sanitation Programme
(Implementation Guidelines for STWSSP)
Rural Water Supply and
Sanitation Programme (RWASS
Prog. Framework Document)
Policy Instruments of Other
Govt. Agencies (FMEnv, FMoH,
FMA&RD,NAPEP)
The
National Water Supply and
Sanitation Policy
The
National Water Sanitation
Policy
The National Water Supply
and Sanitation Programme

National RWSS Programme Structure
Federal Level
Programmes
State Level
Programmes
LGA Level
Programmes
ExternalSupport
Agencies’Programmes
PrivateSector/NGOs
Programmes
Programme Convergence at
Community and Household Level
Access to safe water and improved sanitation
for rural communities and household

Service Coverage Targets
40
50
67
80
100
100
100
35
40
67
60
90
100
100
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
< 2003
2005
2007
2010
2015
2020
> 2020
TargetYear
%Service Coverage
Safe Water
Improved Sanitation
National Policy Targets
PWI Targets

Action and Investment Plans (AIPs)
• Developed at national, state and LGA levels
• Two plans for two main planning cycles:
–IP for the 4-year programme cycle (2004-2007, 2008-
2011) – phase implementation
–AP for the annual programme cycle – annual
implementation per phase
• Development of AIPs supported by NWRI,
Consultants appointed by FMWR and ESAs
• Participation in AIP development by any State,
LGA and/or Community depends on satisfying
the MCC

Action and Investment Plans (AIPs)
• Co-ordination, consolidation and quality
control of AIPs by FMWR
• Key elements of AIPs:
–Goals, objectives and targets
–Agreed indicators (input, process, output,
outcome and impact)
–Milestones and activities
–Development plans of government and ESAs
–Current service coverage for the tier of
government
–Time scale for implementing the activities
–Available resources (human and financial)

National Action Plans (NAP)
• Development to be led by FMWR
• NAP takes cognisance of SAPs
• Activities to be implemented nationally
• Funded from the FG share (50%)
• Activities include:
–National baseline studies and surveys, training needs
assessments, etc.
–Research and development
–Development of training materials and manuals

National Action Plans (NAP)
• Other activities include:
–Training of sector professionals
–Advocacy/sector meetings and workshops
–Technical support for development of AIPs
–Procurement and distribution of critical
equipment
–M & E and establishment of database
–National review meetings
–Development of standards for WSS

State Action Plans (SAP)
• Development to be led by State RWSSA
• SAP takes cognisance of LAPs
• Funded from the State share (25%)
• Plan to include cost sharing: State, LGA and
communities
• Duly recognise hygiene promotion and
education
• Preparation of financing plan and investment
plan

State Action Plans (SAP)
• Key activities include:
– Organising planning and review meetings
– Training of sector personnels
– Geophysical surveys for well siting
– Rehabilitation of dysfunctional WS schemes
– Borehole drilling and pump installation
– Construction of mini water supply schemes
– Construction of water and sanitary facilities in schools
– Advocacy and mobilisation meetings
– M & E and establishment of database

Local Government Action Plans (LAP)
• Development Coordinated by WSS
Dept.
• LAP takes cognisance of CAPs
• Emphasis on supporting rural
communities
• Focus on access to safe water and
improved sanitation

• Activities include:
–Rapid rural appraisals (RRA)
–Mobilisation of communities
–Establishment and training of village
WASCOMs
–Supporting communities develop action
plans
–Training of village artisans on latrine
construction and maintenance of WSS
facilities

• Other activities include:
–Construction of:
•dug wells
•rainwater harvesting structures
•spring protection systems
•Demonstration latrines
–Promotion of hygiene and sanitation
–M & E and LGA database establishment

Community Action Plans (CAP)
• Developed by rural community with the
assistance of LGA WSS Dept.
• Details may vary but include the following:
–Establishment of the WASCOM
–Planning and implementing community mapping
–Collection of financial contributions
–Participation in some LGA facilitated meetings
–Construction of household/communal latrines and
hand-washing facilities
–Operation and maintenance of facilities

Technology Options for RWS
and per Capita Costs
Technology Options
Per Capita
Cost ($)
Population
Served by
Facility
Technology
Propotion
(%)
Motorised/solar scheme 20 3,000 20
Handpump borehole 20 300 40
Handpump dugwell 15 100 10
Protected hand-dug well 10 100 20
Protected spring 15 3,000 10

Technology Options for Rural Sanitation and
per Capita Costs
Technology Options
Per Capita
Cost ($)
Technology
Propotion
(%)
VIP latrine 25 5
Pour flush (PFL) 25 5
Sanplat (SPL) 3 60
Upgraded pit latrine (UPL) 1 30

Gross Investment Requirements (Water)
495.308521
247.65426
139.305521
123.82713
46.435174
Handpump Boreholes
Motorised BH Scheme
Handpump Dug Wells
Protected Dug Wells
Protected Springs
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Based on:
2002 Safe Water Access = 40%

Gross Investment Requirements (Sanitation)
139.741473
97.04269
97.04269
23.290246
Sanplat Latrine
VIP Latrine
Pour Flush Latrine
Upgraded Latrine
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Based on:
2002 Improved Sanitation Access = 35%

Sources of Funds
• Resources to meet investment cost from:
–Government budgets (FG, SG, LG)
–Communities
–ESAs
–NGOs
–The private sector

Key Phase 1 Activities
• Establish/reform RWSS institutions
• Establish Training Network Centre (TNC) in NWRI
• Develop state action/investment plans
• Conduct baseline surveys to determine access levels
• Build national capacity
• Establish community management systems
• Sanitation development/hygiene promotion
• Rehabilitate of broken down water systems

Key Phase 1 Activities
• Construct new RWSS facilities
• Establish RWSS specialty groups
• Strengthen local manufacture of RWSS
equipment/ materials
• Establish handpump spare parts distribution
• Resource mobilisation
• Develop partnership
• Evaluate phase 1 and prepare for phase 2

Institutional Arrangement
WASCOM
LGA RWSS
Steering. COM
State RWSS
Steering. Com
National RWSS
Steering. Com.
Communities
LGA WSS
Department
State RWSS
Agency
FMF/NPC
FMWR
RWSS Division
LGA PHC
Department
SMoE
FMOE
ESAs
LGA Educ.
Department
SMOH
FMOH
Planning, Implementation and Monitoring Support
Advisory Support
SMWR/
SMEvn
FMEnv
LGA Agric.
Department
NWRI /
TNCs
FMARD
SMARD/
ADP
Zonal RWSS
Coordination Comm

Community Management Structure
Traditional
Leader
CDA WASCOM CBOs
Well Diggers
Handpump
Mechanics
Latrine
Artisans
Sanitation &
Hygiene
Promoters

Community-level Management
• Main responsibilities
–Request support from LGA
–Plan, manage and maintain WSS facilities
–Latrine construction (household and communal)
–Monitoring
–Keeping records of accounts and mgt decisions
–Collection of contributions
–Make contribution of 5% for new water facilities
–Manage maintenance of WSS facilities

LGA Level Management Structure
LG
Council
PHC Works RWSS Agriculture Education
Finance &
Admin.
Depts.
Water
Supply Sanitation CM & HE M & E
Units
LGA RWSS
Steering Comm.

LGA RWSS Steering Committee
• Composition:
– LGA Chairman
– LGA Counselors
– HODs (RWSS, PHC, Works, Educ & CD)
– State RWSSA
– Traditional Rulers in the LGA
– Retired Public Officers
– Women Groups

LGA-level Management
• Main Responsibilities
–Prepare and update LGA RWSS plan
–Execute LGA RWSS programme
–Establish agreement with communities
–Support communities obtain WSS services
–Carry out community mobilisation and training
–Implement hygiene and sanitation promotion
–Monitor programme implementation
–Monitor handpump functionality
–Construction of wells and latrines in school
–Test water quality of new facilities
–Provide share of investment cost

Effective Delivery of WSS Services
• Statutory responsibility for the delivery of WSS
services to Nigerians residing in rural areas is the
shared responsibility of the 3 tiers of government
• As stipulated in the national policy, communities,
government and the private sector need to enter
into partnership for sustainable delivery of WSS
services

Successful implementation of the
National RWSS Programme in any
State is critically dependent on strong,
efficient, effective and focussed RWSS
agency at the State level and WSS
department at the LGA level

The RWSSA and WSS Dept. should be
established by Acts of the State House of
Assembly, be included in the State and LGA
annual budgets and be headed by officers
senior enough to have no more than one
other officer from the State and LGA Chief
Executives respectively

THANKS FORLISTENING

Institutional arrangements for implementation of rwss program in nigeria

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Institutional arrangements for implementation of rwss program in nigeria