Institutional Repositories: Dealing with Data Challenges

Institutional Repositories:Institutional Repositories:
Dealing with DataDealing with Data
Challenges.Challenges.
OKIKI, O. Chris (Ph.D)OKIKI, O. Chris (Ph.D)
Head, Automation Unit UniversityHead, Automation Unit University
of Lagos Library University ofof Lagos Library University of
LagosLagos
Akoka, LagosAkoka, Lagos
chrisokiki2009@yahoo.comchrisokiki2009@yahoo.com
1

Definition of Open AccessDefinition of Open Access
aa

Driving Force Behind Open AccessDriving Force Behind Open Access

What OA is not ?What OA is not ?
 There are various misunderstandingsThere are various misunderstandings
about Open Access. It is not self-about Open Access. It is not self-
publishing, nor a way to bypass peer-publishing, nor a way to bypass peer-
review and publication, nor is it a kindreview and publication, nor is it a kind
of second-class, cut-price publishingof second-class, cut-price publishing
route. It is simply a means to makeroute. It is simply a means to make
research results freely available onlineresearch results freely available online
to the whole research communityto the whole research community..
 http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/briefingpapers/http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/briefingpapers/
2006/pub_openaccess_v2.aspx2006/pub_openaccess_v2.aspx

The objective of open-access is:The objective of open-access is:
not to quarrel with or to replace journals (at all)
________________________________________
_____
1.not to resolve the budgetary problems of
libraries (and yet…)
2.not to provide access to the Developing World
(and yet…)

The objective of open-access isThe objective of open-access is::
to maximize research impact
by maximizing research access

What Libraries Can DoWhat Libraries Can Do
 Self-archiving:
 Maintain institutional repository.
 Help faculty archive their research
papers, new & old, digitizing if
necessary.
 Make sure scholars at your institution
know how to find open access journals and
archives in their fields
 As open access journals proliferate,
cancel over-priced journals
 Familiarize yourself with the issues

Institutional repositories:Institutional repositories:
Defines…Defines…
 An institutional repository is a digital archive ofAn institutional repository is a digital archive of
the intellectual product created by the faculty,the intellectual product created by the faculty,
research staff, and students of an institution andresearch staff, and students of an institution and
accessible to end users both within and outside ofaccessible to end users both within and outside of
the institution, with few if any barriers to access.the institution, with few if any barriers to access.
 encouraging wider use of open access informationencouraging wider use of open access information
assetsassets
 may contain a variety of digital objectsmay contain a variety of digital objects
• e-prints,e-prints,
• theses,theses,
• e-learning objects,e-learning objects,
• datasetsdatasets
99

IRs & Digital LibrariesIRs & Digital Libraries
Institutional RepositoriesInstitutional Repositories
 Are organized around aAre organized around a
particularparticular institutionalinstitutional
communitycommunity
 Often are dependent upon theOften are dependent upon the
voluntary contribution ofvoluntary contribution of
materials by scholars for thematerials by scholars for the
content in their collectioncontent in their collection
 Are mainly repositories andAre mainly repositories and
therefore may only offertherefore may only offer
llimited user servicesimited user services
Digital LibrariesDigital Libraries
 May be built around any numberMay be built around any number
of organizing principles (oftenof organizing principles (often
topic, subject, or discipline)topic, subject, or discipline)
 Are the product of aAre the product of a deliberatedeliberate
collection development policycollection development policy
 Typically include anTypically include an importantimportant
service aspect (reference andservice aspect (reference and
research assistance, interpretiveresearch assistance, interpretive
content, or special resources.)content, or special resources.)

In other words, the content of an IR is:In other words, the content of an IR is:

IRs can be used for:IRs can be used for:
 Scholarly communicationScholarly communication
 Storing learning materials and courseworkStoring learning materials and coursework
 Managing collections of research documentsManaging collections of research documents
 Preserving digital materials for the long termPreserving digital materials for the long term
 Knowledge managementKnowledge management
 Electronic publishingElectronic publishing
 Research assessment exerciseResearch assessment exercise
 Collaboration toolCollaboration tool

Starting & Maintaining an IRStarting & Maintaining an IR
Steps to Building an IRSteps to Building an IR
1.1. Justify the relevance to theJustify the relevance to the institution andinstitution and
contributorscontributors
2.2. Develop a policy framework.Develop a policy framework. How will we findHow will we find
this content and what will we do with it?this content and what will we do with it?
3. Build the3. Build the infrastructureinfrastructure
Bonus: Get institutionalBonus: Get institutional support and a mandate.support and a mandate.

IR TechnologyIR Technology
 IR software (Open Source/Commercial)IR software (Open Source/Commercial)
 OAI-PMH harvesting protocol/softwareOAI-PMH harvesting protocol/software
(Free)(Free)
 Intel/Pentium servers for IRIntel/Pentium servers for IR
 Linux/Red Hat OS, MySQL/PostGreLinux/Red Hat OS, MySQL/PostGre
DBMS, Apache/Tomcat web server,DBMS, Apache/Tomcat web server,
Perl/Java (Free)Perl/Java (Free)

Core issuesCore issues
• Policy DecisionsPolicy Decisions
• Organizational IssuesOrganizational Issues
• Cultural IssuesCultural Issues

Cultural IssuesCultural Issues
• Advocacy
- Sensitive to organizational culture and background
- Community size
- Strategy: stakeholders, management committees
•
•Copyright
- Concern of researchers, Legal department
• Positioning
- Library/Institute Website

WhyWhy institutional repositories?institutional repositories?
 For the IndividualFor the Individual
• Provide a central archive of their workProvide a central archive of their work
• Improved discovery and retrievalImproved discovery and retrieval
• Increase the dissemination and impact of theirIncrease the dissemination and impact of their
researchresearch
• Acts as a full CVActs as a full CV
 For the InstitutionFor the Institution
• Increases visibility and prestigeIncreases visibility and prestige
• Acts as an advertisement to funding sources,Acts as an advertisement to funding sources,
potential new faculty and students, etc.potential new faculty and students, etc.
• Helps in administration, e.g., ResearchHelps in administration, e.g., Research
assessment and evaluationassessment and evaluation
1717

How Does an IR Work?How Does an IR Work?
Submission and IngestionSubmission and Ingestion
 contributor metadatacontributor metadata
 formattingformatting
 CopyrightCopyright
Post-SubmissionPost-Submission
 quality metadata (DC)quality metadata (DC)
 Intellectual Property issuesIntellectual Property issues
User QueryUser Query
Ongoing workflowsOngoing workflows
 PreservationPreservation
 AdministrationAdministration
 Data ManagementData Management
 System customizationSystem customization

Contents of an IRContents of an IR
 Pre-prints / post printsPre-prints / post prints
 Research reports, Conference papers / postersResearch reports, Conference papers / posters
 Book reviewsBook reviews
 Teaching materialsTeaching materials
 Student’s assignments / projectsStudent’s assignments / projects
 Doctoral theses and dissertationsDoctoral theses and dissertations
 Audio / video materials such as speechAudio / video materials such as speech
 Photographs / imagesPhotographs / images
 Convocation address,Convocation address,
 Annual reports / manuscripts / mapsAnnual reports / manuscripts / maps
 Newspaper clippings / articlesNewspaper clippings / articles
 Profiles of faculty members / administrative staff /Profiles of faculty members / administrative staff /
scientists etc.scientists etc.
1919

Authorised Contributors
Students,
Research scholars,
Teachers,
Scientists,
Administrative staff
Academic support staff

No review process
Review of subject content with
selected group of peers
Only for certain documents (for eg
no need of quality control
mechanism for any article published
in peer reviewed journal submitted
to IR with due permission from
publisher)
Peer-review and Quality
Control

Issues…
Promotion
Intellectual Property Issues
Assessment
IR Software's
Interoperability Standards

Benefits of setting up an IRBenefits of setting up an IR
For researchersFor researchers
 Showcase your institute’s outputShowcase your institute’s output
 Increases citation for authorsIncreases citation for authors
 24-hour access through any web-enabled device24-hour access through any web-enabled device
 Life’s work in one locationLife’s work in one location
 Satisfies funder’s mandatesSatisfies funder’s mandates
 Persistent URLsPersistent URLs
For librariansFor librarians
 Provides new ways for archiving & preserving valuable workProvides new ways for archiving & preserving valuable work
 Time-saving and cost-effectiveTime-saving and cost-effective
 Help to identify trendsHelp to identify trends
 Reduce duplication of recordsReduce duplication of records

More BenefitsMore Benefits
For the university OR InstitutionFor the university OR Institution
 An effective marketing toolAn effective marketing tool
 Increase the visibility, reputation and prestigeIncrease the visibility, reputation and prestige
 Greater interdisciplinary researchGreater interdisciplinary research
 Enhanced fundingEnhanced funding
 Facilitates gathering data such as publications forFacilitates gathering data such as publications for
AssessmentsAssessments
For the global communityFor the global community
 Free access of scholarly informationFree access of scholarly information
 Taxpayers fund a large amount of scientific researchTaxpayers fund a large amount of scientific research
 Developing countriesDeveloping countries
 Increase public knowledgeIncrease public knowledge
 Gain access to a wide variety of materialsGain access to a wide variety of materials

IR offersIR offers
•Increasing visibility and prestige
•Centralisation and storage of all types
of institutional output
•Support for learning and teaching
•Standardisation of institutional records
•Leverage of existing systems
•Possible long term cost savings
To the Institution

IR offers
• Increased visibility and citation
• Participation in research (particularly
from developing countries)
• Speed up knowledge discovery
• Enable new modes of inquires
• Increase computational potential
• Blurring disciplinary boundaries
• New metrics and “language” for
impact and authority
To Researchers

IR offers
• Provide access to the world’s research
• Ensures long-term preservation of
institutes’ academic output
To the Society

Challenges / Inhibiting factorsChallenges / Inhibiting factors
 CostCost
 Difficulties with generating contentDifficulties with generating content
 Barriers to faculty participation areBarriers to faculty participation are
numerousnumerous
 Sustaining support and commitmentSustaining support and commitment
 Rights managementRights management
2828

Emerging Platforms forEmerging Platforms for
RepositoriesRepositories
 Eprints:Eprints: http://www.eprints.orghttp://www.eprints.org>.>. TheThe
primary purpose of the EPrints software is to help create open access to theprimary purpose of the EPrints software is to help create open access to the
peer-reviewed research output of all scholarly and scientific researchpeer-reviewed research output of all scholarly and scientific research
institutions (mainly universities).institutions (mainly universities). Caltech Collection of Open Digital Archives:Caltech Collection of Open Digital Archives:
http://library.caltech.edu/digital/http://library.caltech.edu/digital/
 BEPressBEPress<<http://www.bepress.comhttp://www.bepress.com>. The Berkeley Electronic Press>. The Berkeley Electronic Press
produces technology to ease the flow of scholarly communication.produces technology to ease the flow of scholarly communication.
eScholarship (California Digital Library):eScholarship (California Digital Library):
http://repositories.cdlib.org/escholarship/http://repositories.cdlib.org/escholarship/
 DSpace:DSpace: <<http://www.dspace.orghttp://www.dspace.org>.>. DSpace is open-source softwareDSpace is open-source software
jointly produced by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and thejointly produced by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the
Hewlett-Packard Company. DSpace (MIT): http://dspace.mit.edu/Hewlett-Packard Company. DSpace (MIT): http://dspace.mit.edu/

University of Ghana Library: IR ProjectUniversity of Ghana Library: IR Project

http://repository.unilag.edu.ng:8080/xmlui/

http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh

Institutional Repositories: Dealing with Data Challenges

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