Int to mktng ch10

CHAPTER 10 Product Concepts Designed by Eric Brengle B-books, Ltd. Prepared by Amit Shah Frostburg State University Marketing Lamb, Hair, McDaniel 10

Learning Outcomes LO I LO 2 LO 3 Define the term product Classify consumer products Define the terms product item, product line, and product mix Describe marketing uses of branding LO 4

Learning Outcomes Describe marketing uses of packaging and labeling Discuss global issues in branding and packaging Describe how and why product warranties are important marketing tools LO 5 LO 6 LO 7

What Is a Product? Define the term product LO I

What Is a Product? LO I Product Everything, both favorable and unfavorable, that a person receives in an exchange. Tangible Good Service Idea

What Is a Product? LO I Product is the starting point of Marketing Mix Promotion Place (Distribution) Price Product

REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME LO I Define the term product Product Good Service Idea

Types of Consumer Products Classify consumer products LO 2

Types of Products LO 2 Business Product Consumer Product A product used to manufacture other goods or services, to facilitate an organization’s operations, or to resell to other consumers. A product bought to satisfy an individual’s personal needs or wants

Types of Consumer Products LO 2 Unsought Products Specialty Products Shopping Products Convenience Products Consumer Products Business Products Products

Types of Consumer Products LO 2 Convenience Product Shopping Product Specialty Product Unsought Product A relatively inexpensive item that merits little shopping effort A product that requires comparison shopping, because it is usually more expensive and found in fewer stores A particular item for which consumers search extensively and are reluctant to accept substitutes A product unknown to the potential buyer or a known product that the buyer does not actively seek

REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME LO 2 Consumer Products

Product Items, Lines, and Mixes Define the terms product item, product line, and product mix LO 3

Product Items, Lines, and Mixes LO 3 Product Item Product Line Product Mix A specific version of a product that can be designated as a distinct offering among an organization’s products. A group of closely-related product items. All products that an organization sells.

Campbell’s Product Lines and Mix LO 3

Benefits of Product Lines LO 3 Equivalent Quality Efficient Sales and Distribution Standardized Components Package Uniformity Advertising Economies

Product Mix Width LO 3 The number of product lines an organization offers. Diversifies risk Capitalizes on established reputations Product Mix Width

Product Line Depth LO 3 The number of product items in a product line. Attracts buyers with different preferences Increases sales/profits by further market segmentation Capitalizes on economies of scale Evens out seasonal sales patterns Product Line Depth

Adjustments LO 3 Product Modification Product Repositioning Product Line Extension or Contraction Adjustments to Product Items, Lines, and Mixes

Types of Product Modifications LO 3 Quality Modification Functional Modification Style Modification

Planned Obsolescence LO 3 Planned Obsolescence The practice of modifying products so those that have already been sold become obsolete before they actually need replacement.

Repositioning LO 3 Changing Demographics Declining Sales Changes in Social Environment Why reposition established brands?

Product Line Extension LO 3 Product Line Extension Adding additional products to an existing product line in order to compete more broadly in the industry.

Product Line Contraction LO 3 Some products have low sales or cannibalize sales of other items Resources are disproportionately allocated to slow-moving products Items have become obsolete because of new product entries Symptoms of Product Line Overextension

REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME Product item , product line , and product mix LO 3

Branding Describe marketing uses of branding LO 4

Brand LO 4 Brand A name, term, symbol, design, or combination thereof that identifies a seller’s products and differentiates them from competitors’ products.

Branding LO 4 Brand Name Brand Mark Brand Equity That part of a brand that can be spoken, including letters, words, and numbers The elements of a brand that cannot be spoken The value of company and brand names Global Brand A brand where at least one-third of the product is sold outside its home country

Benefits of Branding LO 4 Product Identification Repeat Sales New Product Sales

Branding Strategies LO 4 Brand No Brand Manufacturer’s Brand Private Brand Individual Brand Family Brand Combi- nation Individual Brand Family Brand Combi- nation

Generic Brand LO 4 A no-frills, no-brand-name, low-cost product that is simply identified by its product category. Generic Product

Manufacturers’ Brands Versus Private Brands LO 4 Manufacturers’ Brand Private Brand The brand name of a manufacturer. A brand name owned by a wholesaler or a retailer. Also known as a private label or store brand.

Advantages of Manufacturers’ Brands LO 4 Heavy consumer ads by manufacturers Attract new customers Enhance dealer’s prestige Rapid delivery, carry less inventory If dealer carries poor quality brand, customer may simply switch brands and remain loyal to dealer

Advantages of Private Brands LO 4 Earn higher profits on own brand Less pressure to mark down price Manufacturer can become a direct competitor or drop a brand/reseller Ties customer to wholesaler or retailer Wholesalers and retailers have no control over the intensity of distribution of manufacturers’ brands

Individual Brands Versus Family Brands LO 4 Individual Brand Family Brand Using different brand names for different products. Marketing several different products under the same brand name.

Cobranding LO 4 Ingredient Branding Cooperative Branding Complementary Branding Types of Cobranding

Trademarks LO 4 TM Many parts of a brand and associated symbols qualify for trademark protection. Trademark right comes from use rather than registration. The mark has to be continuously protected. Rights continue for as long as the mark is used. Trademark law applies to the online world. A Trademark is the exclusive right to use a brand.

REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME Marketing Uses of Branding LO 4

Packaging Describe marketing uses of packaging and labeling LO 5

Functions of Packaging LO 5 Contain and Protect Promote Facilitate Storage, Use, and Convenience Facilitate Recycling

Labeling LO 5 Persuasive Focuses on promotional theme Consumer information is secondary Informational Helps make proper selections Lowers cognitive dissonance Includes use/care http :// www.fda.gov Online

Universal Product Codes LO 5 Universal Product Codes (UPCs) A series of thick and thin vertical lines (bar codes), readable by computerized optical scanners, that represent numbers used to track products.

REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME Packaging and Labeling LO 5

Global Issues in Branding and Packaging Discuss global issues in branding and packaging LO 6

Global Issues in Branding LO 6 Adaptations & Modifications Global Options for Branding One Brand Name Everywhere Different Brand Names in Different Markets

Global Issues in Packaging LO 6 Aesthetics Global Considerations for Packaging Climate Considerations Labeling

REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME Global Issues in Branding and Packaging LO 6 Branding Choices: 1 name Modify or adapt 1 name Different names in different markets Packaging Considerations: Labeling Aesthetics Climate

Product Warranties Describe how and why product warranties are important marketing tools LO 7

Product Warranties LO 7 Warranty Express Warranty Implied Warranty A confirmation of the quality or performance of a good or service. A written guarantee. An unwritten guarantee that the good or service is fit for the purpose for which it was sold. (UCC)

REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME Product Warranties LO 7 Express warranty = written guarantee Implied warranty = unwritten guarantee

Int to mktng ch10

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