Internet
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The document discusses the history and basics of the Internet. It provides: 1. A definition of the Internet as a network of networks connecting computers globally through email, files, and other resources. 2. A brief history starting in 1968 with the creation of ARPANET and growth from 111 hosts in 1977 to over 200 million by 2002. 3. Explanations of basic Internet concepts like TCP/IP protocols, IP addresses, subnet masks, and early web browsers.
Internet
- 1. By Lavanya Topa Class- VII
- 2. What is the Internet? A network of networks, joining many government, university and private computers together and providing an infrastructure for the use of E-mail, bulletin boards, file archives, hypertext documents, databases and other computational resources The vast collection of computer networks which form and act as a single huge network for transport of data and messages across distances which can be anywhere from the same office to anywhere in the world.
- 3. What is the Internet? 1. The largest network of networks in the world. 2. Uses TCP/IP protocols and packet switching. 3. Runs on any communications substrate.
- 4. Brief History of the Internet 1968 - DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) contracts with BBN (Bolt, Beranek & Newman) to create ARPANET 1970 - First five nodes: UCLA Stanford UC Santa Barbara U of Utah, and BBN 1974 - TCP specification by Vint Cerf 1984 - On January 1, the Internet with its 1000 hosts converts en masse to using TCP/IP for its messaging
- 5. Internet Growth Trends 1977: 111 hosts on Internet 1981: 213 hosts 1983: 562 hosts 1984: 1,000 hosts 1986: 5,000 hosts 1987: 10,000 hosts 1989: 100,000 hosts 1992: 1,000,000 hosts 2001: 150 – 175 million hosts 2002: over 200 million hosts By 2014, about 90% of the planet will be on the Internet
- 6. TCP/IP Addresses Every host on the Internet must have a unique IP address The IP address is a 32-bit number which we write in dotted decimal notation The first part of the IP address is the network address – the remainder is the host ID A subnet mask is used to determine the network address from a IP host address All hosts on the same network are configured with the same subnet mask
- 7. WWW Browsers To use a computer as a Web client, a user needs to load on it a special software tool known as WWW Browser. Browser provide following navigation facilities – Do not require a user to login to a server computer. Enable a user to visit a server computer’s site directly and access information on it by specifying its URL (Uniform Resource Locator). Enable user to create and maintain a personal hotlist of favorite URL. Maintain a history of server computers visited by user in a surfing session. Enable a user to download information in various formats.
- 8. Some Popular Internet Search Engines