INTERNET OF THINGS IN MEDICAL FIELD AND ITS APPLICATIONS

INTERNET OF THINGS IN MEDICAL
FIELD AND ITS APPLICATIONS
PRESENTED BY:
G.ARUN BALAJI
S.VIJAY
9/20/2018 1MZCET/ECE

TOPICS TO BE DISCUSSED
 ABSTRACT
 INTRODUCTION
 INTERNET OF THINGS
 UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING
 APPLICATIONS
 SMART CITY AND HOW IOT HELP IN CITY MANGEMENT
 CHANLLENGES IN IOT IMPLEMENTATIONS
 IOT AND HEALTHCARE
 TECHNOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK
 APPLICATIONS OF IOT IN HEALTHCARE
 DEPENDING UPON THE FUTURE
 CONCULSION

ABSTRACT
• The fields of computer science and electronics have merged to result
into one of the most notable technological advances in the form of
realization of the Internet of Things (IoT).
• The impact of IoT in healthcare, although still in its initial stages of
development.
• wireless and sensing techniques to implement the desired healthcare
applications.

INTRODUCTION
*The Internet and the web has evolved through the ages to
reach its present day form. The evolution can be broadly
classified into 4 stages:
Stage 1: The ARPANET.
Stage 2: The Gold Rush for domain names.
Stage 3: The boom and bust of the dot com bubble.
Stage 4: The social and experience web.
Stage 5: The Internet of Things. (IoT)

INTERNET OF THINGS
 Internet of Things represents a general concept for the ability of network
devices to sense and collect data from the world around us, and then share
that data across the Internet where it can be processed and utilized for
various interesting purposes.
 The term internet of things was first coined by Kevin Ashton in 1999.
 It is worldwide network of interconnected objects uniquely addressable
based on standard communication protocols.
 The major fields while from business users perspective, automation,
logistics and industrial manufacturing are the important domains.

INTERNET OF THINGS BASIC
ARCHITECTURE
9/20/2018
6MZCET/ECE

UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING
 The advancements and convergence of micro-electromechanical systems
(MEMS) technology, wireless communications, and digital electronics have
led to the development of miniature devices.
 These devices have the ability to sense, compute, and communicate
wirelessly.
 These miniature devices called nodes interconnect to form a wireless sensor
networks (WSN).

UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING

APPLICATIONS
 In the Internet of Things (IoT), it is possible to collect, record and analyze
new data streams faster and more accurately by making devices gather and
share information directly.
 The applications can be classified based on the type of network availability,
coverage, scale, heterogeneity, repeatability, user involvement and impact.
 These applications can be categorized into four domains:
1. Personal and healthcare, enterprise, utilities and mobile.
 It is mainly due to the nature of connectivity and scale.

APPLICATIONS
9/20/2018 10MZCET/ECE

SMART CITY AND HOW IOT
HELP IN CITY MANGEMENT
 Smart cities are those who make use of the Internet of Things (IoT)
devices such as connected sensors, lights, and smart meters, in order to
improve smart infrastructure and architecture by collecting and analyzing
real time data.
EXAMPLE:
• Smart Traffic
• Smart Rails
• City’s Infrastructure
• Water Management
• Smart Parking
9/20/2018 11MZCET/ECE

SMART TRAFFIC
It how fast the culture of the car has been cultivated among the people.
This scenario is quite common in most of the cities, people prefer driving
their own car no matter how good is public transportation.
9/20/2018 12MZCET/ECE

SMART RAILS
The next area offered by Internet of Things movement is Smart Rails. The
concept of the smart rails aims towards improving road traffic, pollution
control from greenhouse gasses, and enhanced passenger safety.
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CITY’S INFRASTRUCTURE
IoT can revolutionize the complete scenario. The potential combination of
technology paired with physical infrastructure simplifies living promising
“smart city”.
9/20/2018 14MZCET/ECE

WATER MANAGEMENT
IoT can also be implemented for the water management, gas and electric utilities,
with the devices called smart meters. Therefore, when cities connect with such
devices to their smart system.
9/20/2018 15MZCET/ECE

SMART PARKING
IOT technology the efficiency of the current cloud based smart-parking
system can be easily and helpful in developing a network .It is used to
calculate the user parking cost depending upon the distance and the total
number of free places in each car park.
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CHANLLENGES IN IOT
IMPLEMENTATIONS
o IoT Implementation sounds very interesting, however, execution of IoT is a
complex process.
o To reduce the complexities and understand the successful implementation
process, there is a great need to divide Internet of Things into five
categories.
Such as,
 Standards
 Networks
 Sensors
 Analysis and Actions.
9/20/2018 17MZCET/ECE

IOT AND HEALTHCARE
o The reliance of healthcare on IoT is increasing by the day to improve
access to care, increase the quality of care and most importantly reduce the
cost of care.
o Based on an individual’s unique biological, behavioural, social and cultural
characteristics, the integrated practice of well-being, healthcare and patient
support is termed as personalised healthcare.
o Internet of Things promises to manage the personalization of care services
and can maintain a digital identity for every person.
o The classifications of IoT based personalised healthcare systems are
Clinical care and remote monitoring.
9/20/2018 18MZCET/ECE

IOT AND HEALTHCARE
Clinical Care:
*These monitoring systems employ sensors to
collect physiological information which is analyzed
and stored using gateways and the cloud.
*Hence, rendering a health professional having to
check the patients’ vital signs after regular intervals
unnecessary.
9/20/2018 19MZCET/ECE

IOT AND HEALTHCARE
Remote Monitoring:
*Lack of ready access to effective health monitoring
systems may lead to many health risks go undetected, which
is a problem being faced all over the world.
*But small, powerful wireless solutions connected via the
IoT make it possible for monitoring to come to patients
instead of vice-versa.
*The medical professionals can then make appropriate health
recommendations remotely.
9/20/2018 20MZCET/ECE

IOT AND HEALTHCARE
Remote Monitoring:
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TECHNOLOGICAL
FRAMEWORK
The links between the many applications in health monitoring
are:
• The process of gathering data from sensors. (WSN’s Wireless sensor
networks)
• Support for standard user interfaces and displays.
• Network connectivity for access to infrastructural services.
• In-use requirements such as low power, durability, accuracy and
reliability.
9/20/2018 22MZCET/ECE

TECHNOLOGICAL
FRAMEWORK
Wireless Sensor Networks:
 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an important enabling technology of
IoT. It connects a number of sensor and actuator nodes into a network
through wireless communication.
 This integrates the network into a higher level system through a network
gateway.
 Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) is an extension of the WSN integrated
with an application system of the IoT.
 Gateways can be designed for clinical or home settings. In home settings,
they may be part of larger connectivity resource that also manages energy,
entertainment and other systems.
9/20/2018 23MZCET/ECE

TECHNOLOGICAL
FRAMEWORK
 Sensors measure physical data of the parameter to be monitored. The sensor
nodes are normally lightweight, inexpensive, easy to deploy and maintain.
 A drawback though is that, the capability and functionality are limited by
resources like sensor accuracy, processors, memories, energy sources, etc.
 This approach is currently adopted by most of the WSNs accessing the Internet,
and presents the highest abstraction between networks.
Independent Network
9/20/2018 24MZCET/ECE

TECHNOLOGICAL
FRAMEWORK
 The second approach forms a hybrid network which shows an increasing
integration degree.
 The structure which remains independent and a few dual sensor nodes who can
access the internet.
Hybrid Network
9/20/2018 25MZCET/ECE

TECHNOLOGICAL
FRAMEWORK
 In the last approach, multiple sensor nodes can join the
Internet in one hop.
Access Point Network
9/20/2018 26MZCET/ECE

TECHNOLOGICAL
FRAMEWORK
Standard user interfaces , displays and in user requirements:
The in-use requirements for a healthcare system based on IoT are:
1. Interoperability
2. Reliability
3. Flexibility and Extensibility
4. Support for mobility.
9/20/2018 27MZCET/ECE

APPLICATIONS OF IOT IN
HEALTHCARE
• In the last approach, multiple sensor nodes can join the Internet in one
From in-home monitoring devices to large hospital-based imaging systems
and thin-client solutions, healthcare industry devices that are part of an
intelligent system offer better care, by automating processes, facilitating
collaboration and securely managing information.
• provide clinicians with easier access to health information, streamline
costs, and create operational efficiencies that help to improve the patient
experience. Some examples are cited below.
1. Monitor an aging family member.
2. Scalable, continuous, heart rate monitoring.
9/20/2018 28MZCET/ECE

DEPENDING UPON THE FUTURE
 The Internet of Things will change our society, and will bring seamless 'anytime,
anywhere' personalized healthcare and monitoring over fast reliable and secure
networks.
 Today, the most widely adapted technology for the Internet is the standard web
services.
 Wireless identifiable embedded healthcare systems at the edge of the network need
to have and utilise similar functionalities and this will prove to be a challenge in the
future for the internet.
 where the sensors will be connected to and controlled by embedded systems, where
services encapsulate the functionality and provide unified access to the
functionality of the system.
 The process information in different healthcare environments such as hospitals and
nursing homes as well as in the work and everyday lives of people.
9/20/2018 29MZCET/ECE

9/20/2018 30MZCET/ECE

9/20/2018 31MZCET/ECE

CONCULSION
 IoT revolution in healthcare is already underway. And, as new use cases are
emerging, they continue to address the urgent need for affordable,
accessible care.
 IoT building blocks of automation and machine-to-machine communication
continue to be established.
 This revolution is characterised by providing end-to-end processing and
connectivity solutions for IoT-driven healthcare.
9/20/2018 32MZCET/ECE

INTERNET OF THINGS IN MEDICAL FIELD AND ITS APPLICATIONS

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INTERNET OF THINGS IN MEDICAL FIELD AND ITS APPLICATIONS