Interrupts for PIC18
- 1. Interrupts for PIC18 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING IIT JODHPUR PRESENTED BY •DEEPAK KUMAR KALAWANIA
- 2. PIC18 INTERRUPTS INTRODUCTION:- Interrupts are mechanisms which enable instant response to events such as counter overflow, pin change, data received, etc. • In normal mode, microcontroller executes the main program as long as there are no occurrences that would cause an interrupt. • Upon interrupt, microcontroller stops the execution of main program and commences the special part of the program(ISR) which will analyze and handle the interrupt.
- 3. PIC can serve multiple devices using mechanisms of – Polling • PIC continuously monitors the status of each device • Each device get the attention of the CPU as the same level of priority • Wastes u-Controllers time by polling devices that do not need service. – Interrupt • Devices get the attention of the CPU only when it needs a service • Can service many devices with different level of priorities
- 4. Interrupt service routine (ISR) • When an interrupt is invoked the uC runs the Interrupt Service Routine(ISR) • Interrupt vector table holds the address of ISRs – Power-on Reset 0000h – High priority interrupt 0008h – Low priority interrupt 0018h
- 5. Steps in executing an interrupt • Upon activation of interrupt the microcontroller – Finishes executing the current instruction – Pushes the PC of next instruction in the stack – Jumps to the interrupt vector table to get the address of ISR and jumps to it – Begin executing the ISR instructions to the last instruction of ISR (RETFIE) – Executes RETFIE • Pops the PC from the stack • Starts to execute from the address of that PC
- 6. Program organization in MPLAB
- 7. Sources of interrupts in PIC18 • External hardware interrupts – Pins RB0(INT0),RB1(INT1),RB2(INT2) • Timers – Timer0 , Timer1 ,Timer2
- 8. Enabling and disabling an interrupt • When the PIC is powered on (or resets) – All interrupts are masked (disabled) – The default ISR address is 0008h • No interrupt priorities for interrupts
- 9. Enabling and disabling an interrupt In general, interrupt sources have three bits to control their operation. They are: • Flag bit – to indicate that an interrupt event occurred • Enable bit – that allows program execution to branch to the interrupt vector address when the flag bit is set • Priority bit – to select high priority or low priority
- 10. Steps in enabling an interrupt • Set the GIE bit from INTCON REG • Set the IE bit for that interrupt • If the interrupt is one of the peripheral (timers 1,2 , serial,etc ) set PEIE bit(6) from INTCON reg
- 11. Example a) BSF INTCON,TMR0IE BSF INTCON,INT0IE BSF INTCON,GIE Or MOVLW B’10110000’ MOVWF INTCON b) BCF INTCON,TMR0IE c) BCF INTCON,GIE
- 12. Program - External hardware interrupt ORG 0000H GOTO MAIN ORG 0008H BTFSS INTCON,INT0IF RETFIE GOTO INT0_ISR ORG 00100H MAIN BCF TRISB,7 BSF TRISB,INT0 CLRF TRISD SETF TRISC BSF INTCON,INT0IE BSF INTCON,GIE OVER MOVFF PORTC,PORTD BRA OVER INT0_ISR ORG 200H BTG PORTB,7 BCF INTCON,INT0IF RETFIE END
- 13. Program - Edge-triggered interrupts ORG 0000H GOTO MAIN ORG 0008H BTFSS INTCON,INT0IF RETFIE GOTO INT1_ISR ORG 00100H MAIN BCF TRISB,7 BSF TRISB,INT1 BSF INTCON3,INT1IE BCF INTCON2,INTEDGE1 BSF INTCON,GIE OVER BRA OVER BRA OVER INT1_ISR ORG 200H BTG PORTB,7 BCF INTCON3,INT1IF RETFIE END
- 14. Sampling the Edge triggered interrupt • The external source must be held high for at least two instruction cycles • For XTAL 10Mhz • Instruction cycle time is 400ns,0.4us • So minimum pulse duration to detect edge triggered interrupts = 2 instruction cycle =0.8us
- 15. At what address does the CPU wake up when power applied? • The uC wakes up at memory address 0000 • The PC has the value 0000 • ORG directive put the address of the first op code at the memory location 0000 Powering UP
- 16. INTCON global interupt enable • INT pin interrupt • TMR0 overflow interrupt • GP port change interrupt • GP port change interrupt • INT pin interrupt • TMR0 overflow interrupt FLAGSENABLES
- 17. Timer Interrupts Interrupt Flag Bit Register Enable Bit Register Timer0 TMR0IF INTCON TMR0IE INTCON Timer1 TMR1IF PIR1 TMR1IE PIE1 Timer2 TMR2IF PIR1 TMR3IE PIE1 Timer3 TMR3IF PIR3 TMR3IE PIE2 Timer Interrupt Flag Bits and Associated Registers INTCON Register with Timer0 Interrupt Enable and Interrupt Flag
- 18. Timer Interrupts
- 19. Program - ORG 0000H GOTO MAIN ORG 0008H BTFSS INTCON,TMR0IF RETFIE GOTO T0_ISR ORG 00100H MAIN BCF TRISB,5 CLRF TRISD SETF TRISC MOVLW 0x08 MOVWF T0CON MOVLW 0xFF MOVWF TMR0H MOVLW 0xF2 MOVWF TMR0L BCF INTCON,TMR0IF BSF T0CON,TMR0ON BSF INTCON,TMR0IE BSF INTCON,GIE OVER MOVFF PORTC,PORTD BRA OVER Timer0 Interrupt T0_ISR ORG 200H MOVLW 0xFF MOVWF TMR0H MOVLW 0xF2 MOVWF TMR0L BTG PORTB,5 BCF INTCON,TMR0IF RETFIE END
- 20. Revisit
- 21. Serial Communication Interrupts Interrupt Flag Bit Register Enable Bit Register TXIF (Transmit) TXIF PIR1 TXIE PIE1 RCIF (Receive) RCIF PIR1 RCIE PIE1 Serial Port Interrupt Flag Bits and Associated Registers PIE1 Register Bits Holding TXIE and RCIE
- 22. Program ORG 0000H GOTO MAIN ORG 0008H BTFSC PIR1,TXIF BRA TX_ISR RETFIE ORG 0040H TX_ISR MOVWFF PORTD,TXREG RETFIE ORG 00100H MAIN SETF TRISD MOVLW 0x20 MOVWF TXSTA MOVLW D'15' MOVWF SPBRG BCF TRISC, TX BSF RCSTA, SPEN BSF PIE1 ,TXIE BSF INTCON,PEIE BSF INTCON,GIE OVER BRA OVER END Serial Port Interrupt Enable peripheral Interrupt 11-22 8 bit switch is connected to port.D. the PIC18 reads data from PORTD and writes it to TXREG.