Intro to matter good
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This document defines matter and discusses its three main states - solids, liquids, and gases. It also defines atoms and their components. Matter has mass and volume, while things like light and sound are not considered matter. Elements are made of only one type of atom, while compounds contain two or more elements chemically bonded together. The document also discusses mixtures like solutions, suspensions, and colloids versus pure substances like elements and compounds. It provides examples of separating mixtures and defines acids and bases.
Intro to matter good
- 2. • Matter – Has mass and volume – Made up of atoms – Examples:
- 3. • Not Matter – No mass, no volume – Examples: Light, Sound, Electricity
- 4. • Atoms – General name for the smallest particle that still has properties of an element – Composed of • Protons • Neutrons • Electrons
- 6. Changes in State (Physical Change)
- 7. • Elements – Elements consists of only one type of atoms – Atom with specific # of protons – Has a Name • 6 protons Carbon • 8 protons Oxygen
- 8. • Each element has its own properties – Carbon melting point 3550°C – Oxygen melting point -218°C – Hydrogen melting point -259°C
- 9. Oxygen freezing point -218°C Hydrogen freezing point -259°C
- 10. • Capital letter – Symbol that denotes an element always capitalized O H C Na Cl Mg NaCl P F N Be Li Si HNO SiO
- 11. ds al i lo t Me nNo l ta Me Metals All element are listed here …
- 12. Metals are: • Malleable – Mean that it can hammered into shapes. • Ductile – Can be drawn into wires • Lustre – Shiny when rubbed with sandpaper. • Solids at room temperature.
- 13. Non-metals • There are 17 elements who make up nonmetals. • Except for Hydrogen, they all appear on the right hand side of the Periodic Table. • They can be solid, liquids or gases. • When solid, they are usually brittle (it means that it crumbles).
- 14. Metalloids • Metalloids have both metal and non metal qualities. • There are 8 element. • They are often used in semiconductors and therefore extensively used in electronics and computers.
- 15. • Compounds are – Two or more different elements chemically combined – They are a lot more common and there are millions of them.
- 16. • Subscript – Number of atoms of the element – Always after the symbol O2 H2 H2O HNO3 C6H12O6 CO2
- 17. Do you want to make some compounds?
- 18. 8E Making marvellous molecules!
- 19. Compounds are a result of a chemical change or reaction.
- 20. A chemical change happened when: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A gas gets formed. Energy is given off. Apparent change of mass. Permanent colour change. Formation of a precipitate.
- 21. Reaction Rates are increased by: • • • • An increase in temperature. Smaller particle size. The more concentrated the reactant. Using a catalyst. – A catalyst is a chemical that are not consumed in the reaction but caused the reaction rate to increase.
- 23. • Pure substances – – – – – Fixed composition Definite properties Cannot by separated by physical actions Elements Compounds
- 24. • Pure substance examples O H C H2O HNO3 C6H12O6 CO2
- 25. • Mixtures –Blend of 2 or more pure substances –All properties remain in mixture
- 26. ts en lv o S • It a liquid in which you dissolve something • Water is the most common solvent
- 27. Solutions • Is a liquid with which has a substance completely dissolved in it.
- 28. Suspensions • It is a mixture with large enough particles that are visible in the liquid. • These visible particles are called sediments.
- 29. Its time to concentrate • Diluted • Concentrated • Saturated
- 30. Colloids • Colloids are liquids with more than one substance spread evenly through it. • They differ from suspensions in that they contain smaller particles. • They differ from solutions in that they contain larger particles.
- 31. Emulsions • Emulsions are a type of Colloids • It occurs when tiny droplets of one liquid is spread evenly throughout the liquid.
- 33. Separating complex mixtures n latio l disti id is e e us ne liqu ther. W o o hen ed in an w lv isso d
- 34. Acids & Bases
- 36. 4. Turns Blue litmus paper to RED
- 38. 3. Turns Red litmus paper to BLUE
- 39. pH Scale