Introducing Open: What, Why and How
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The document introduces open educational resources (OER) and open textbooks. It discusses the high costs of textbooks for students and rising tuition, with the average student spending over $1,200 per year on textbooks. Open textbooks can help address this issue by providing free or low-cost alternatives. The document outlines strategies for adopting, creating, editing, and using open pedagogy in the classroom. It also discusses barriers to faculty adoption and ways to promote open textbooks, such as through an open textbook library and partnerships with student government.
Introducing Open: What, Why and How
- 1. Introducing Open: What, Why, and How Illinois Wesleyan University November 29, 2016
- 5. Course Reserves • Students looking for textbooks • Faculty meeting that need • The library cultivating relationships with faculty and students through reserves • Long lines • Too few copies • Too many copies for the library’s space • Desk ”traffic patterns”
- 6. Operationally, we “fixed” the problem. Policies Processes Communications Facilities Feedback
- 8. “There’s an open education conference in Vancouver, BC. You should go.”
- 9. “There’s an open education conference in Vancouver, BC. You should go.”
- 10. “There’s an open education conference in Vancouver, BC. You should go.”
- 12. Defining Open Educational Resources Hewlett Foundation Definition: “OER are teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or are released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use and repurposing by others”
- 14. That’s where I met Dave Ernst.
- 16. Why textbooks?
- 17. #textbookbroke
- 18. $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 $1,200 $1,300 $1,400 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 $Billions US Debt Consumer Revolving Credit Student Loan Debt Federal Reserve http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g19/Current/
- 19. The average borrower owes more than $28,950 in student loans (class of 2014). Institute for College Access and Success http://projectonstudentdebt.org/files/pub/Student_Debt_and_the_Class_of_2012_NR.pdf http://ticas.org/posd/map-state-data-2015 Illinois Wesleyan = $32,101
- 20. Cost of Attendance • Tuition and Fees • Room and Board • Books and Supplies • Personal Expenses • Transportation
- 21. Cost of Attendance • Tuition and Fees • Room and Board • Books and Supplies • Personal Expenses • Transportation
- 22. 0% 100% 200% 300% 400% 500% 600% 700% 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Increase in Textbook Prices Textbooks CPI Bureau of Labor Statistics http://www.bls.gov/cpi/
- 24. The average student budgets $1,249 - $1,364 on textbooks and course materials in 2015-16. http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/average-estimated-undergraduate-budgets-2015-16
- 25. Coping with the Cost • Purchase an older edition of the textbook • Delay purchasing the textbook • Never purchase the textbook • Share a textbook • Pirate a textbook “I figured French hadn’t changed that much.” - UMN student
- 26. 2012 2016 63.6% 66.5% Not purchase the required textbook 49.2% 47.6% Take fewer courses 45.1% 45.5% Not register for a specific course 33.9% 37.6% Earn a poor grade 26.7% 26.1% Drop a course 17.0% 19.8% Fail a course In your academic career, has the cost of required textbooks caused you to: http://www.openaccesstextbooks.org/pdf/2012_Florida_Student_Textbook_Survey.pdf
- 28. Why Open? • Facilitates the free exchange of information. • Allows higher education to take ownership of its content. • Empowers faculty • Sharing is scalable.
- 29. Open = permissions free
- 31. • Copy • Mix • Share • Keep • Edit • Use The 5Rs: 1. Retain 2. Reuse 3. Revise 4. Remix 5. Redistribute Also known as…
- 33. How?
- 37. They don’t know much about them. They’re busy: • Prepping for their courses • Responding to students • Grading • Mentoring • Research • Grant writing • Committee Work • The list goes on… http://www.onlinelearningsurvey.com/reports/openingthecurriculum2014.pdf
- 38. Barriers to Faculty Adoption • Faculty don’t know where to find open textbooks • Faculty don’t understand the urgency of student financial stress, and how it can impact students academically • Faculty aren’t aware that open textbooks are an option • Faculty don’t know what open textbooks are • Faculty confuse open textbooks with electronic textbooks • Faculty are skeptical of the quality of open textbooks • Faculty have limited time to engage in reviewing open textbooks EducateEngage
- 39. + +
- 40. 0 0 6 4 20 89 219 247 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 1.0 - 1.5 1.5 - 2.0 2.0 - 2.5 2.5 - 3.0 3.0 - 3.5 3.5 - 4.0 4.0 - 4.5 4.5 - 5.0 Reviews Ratings Open Textbook Reviews
- 42. • 335 books • 615 reviews by faculty at OTN schools • 1 million (!) visits from every country in the world (except North Korea) • Books produced at Rice University, SUNY, University of Texas at Austin, NOBA, University of Minnesota, Portland State, Grand Valley State, …
- 43. 335 Total Books* 8 Accounting & Finance 48 Business, Management & Marketing 34 Computer Science & Information Systems 14 Economics 6 Engineering 8 Foreign Languages 21 General Education 59 Humanities & Language 42 Law 60 Mathematics & Statistics 54 Natural & Physical Sciences 21 Social Sciences *November 2, 2016
- 49. OTN Publishing Initiative • Completing a pilot with University of Arizona, University of Washington, UMASS Amherst and Cleveland State University. • Providing access to: – Publishing platform – Support for project development and services – Standardized training – Documentation, best practices, guidelines
- 51. What will you do? - Join the OTN! - Open Textbook Library: email / meetings / + - Partnership with student government. - Online guides (instructors, students). - OT listserv/learning community. - Webinars/workshops (e.g. using and adapting). - Adopter profiles (articles, videos). - Mini-grants to encourage adoption - What else?
Editor's Notes
- #2: Many slides in this presentation belong to or are adapted from slides by Dave Ernst: www.slideshare.net/djernst
- #3: Reminiscent of the hero’s journey – Joseph Campbell. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hero%27s_journey#/media/File:Heroesjourney.svg
- #4: At the beginning of the hero’s journey, there is the known world. And for me, that was a problem space at a new library.
- #5: Course Reserves. Image from Cornell University Library: https://mannlib.cornell.edu/news/call-course-reserve-software-requests
- #6: Image from Cornell University Library: https://mannlib.cornell.edu/news/call-course-reserve-software-requests
- #8: But philosophically, something wasn’t right. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AThe_Thinker%2C_Rodin.jpg
- #12: https://www.flickr.com/photos/mdpettitt/8671901426/
- #13: http://www.hewlett.org/programs/education/open-educational-resources OER Logo 2012 J. Mello,used under a Creative Commons license CC-BY
- #14: Open Ed 2012.
- #15: Dave was focused on a particular challenge: Discovery, Access, Engagement, Outreach, Evaluation of open textbooks. To solve it, he started “The Open Academics Catalog.”
- #19: Consumer Revolving Credit = Credit Card Debt
- #21: What is included in Cost of Attendance.
- #22: Not the biggest one: we focus on this one that we CAN do something about. And it has a special role in students lives on campus: often an “unexpected” cost for students
- #24: U Michigan Flint, Mark Perry, Economist: Risen 1041% since 1977. No consumer product has risen in cost at this rate.
- #25: No standard way this number is developed across institutions. An average. Data that students don’t “spend” this much.
- #26: Delay is the rule, not the exception. US PIRG Report on Financial Aid and textbooks And that coping has an academic impact.
- #27: Access to the content for academic success Access to courses to meet academic goals Access to course outcomes Textbook costs as an impediment to student academic success. Impact on retention and completion.
- #32: The ability to update content, customize content, improve content.
- #33: Open.umn.edu/opentextbooks
- #35: We do it together.
- #36: Strategies to make open textbooks a viable alternative to commercial books.
- #46: http://openedgroup.org/toolkit
- #48: https://press.rebus.community/otnmodify/
- #51: Supporting member institutions in developing open pedagogical practices among and with their faculty.