Introduction to ABAP Core Data Services (CDS).pdf
- 1. PUBLIC ABAP Platform Product Management, SAP January 2022 Introduction to ABAP Core Data Services (CDS)
- 2. 2 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public The information in this presentation is confidential and proprietary to SAP and may not be disclosed without the permission of SAP. Except for your obligation to protect confidential information, this presentation is not subject to your license agreement or any other service or subscription agreement with SAP. SAP has no obligation to pursue any course of business outlined in this presentation or any related document, or to develop or release any functionality mentioned therein. This presentation, or any related document and SAP's strategy and possible future developments, products and or platforms directions and functionality are all subject to change and may be changed by SAP at any time for any reason without notice. The information in this presentation is not a commitment, promise or legal obligation to deliver any material, code or functionality. This presentation is provided without a warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement. This presentation is for informational purposes and may not be incorporated into a contract. SAP assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this presentation, except if such damages were caused by SAP’s intentional or gross negligence. All forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of their dates, and they should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. Disclaimer
- 3. 3 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public MODERN ABAP DEVELOPMENT ABAP CORE DATA SERVICES (CDS) OVERVIEW CDS IN ABAP APPLICATION PROGRAMMING SUMMARY Agenda
- 5. 5 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public On-premise and Cloud SAP’s strategic (Cloud) ERP SAP HANA SAP Fiori UX On-premise Any DB Legacy (maintenance until 2027/2030) SAP BUSINESS SUITE SAP NetWeaver SAP S/4HANA ABAP Platform ABAP Platform – Transformation to SAP S/4HANA and SAP BTP SAP’s strategic cloud platform SAP HANA SAP Fiori UX SAP BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM ABAP Environment Node.js, Java
- 6. 6 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Modern ABAP application development Must learn topics: UX, SAP HANA, state of the art development, Cloud Stable Cloud extensions In-app and side-by-side Released APIs Cloud ready apps Cloud Secure app development, high code quality Agile & test driven Customer code management Efficient development Utilize SAP HANA capabilities ABAP-managed Code Pushdown Advanced application and Function libraries Focus on User Experience On any device Role based Device switch and collaboration Browser based SAP Fiori and SAPUI5, ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model ABAP SQL, Core Data Services, SAP HANA breakouts ABAP language and tools, Development methodology In-App extensibility, Developer extensibility, SAP BTP
- 7. 7 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public <code> Modern ABAP application development Programming paradigm shift powered by SAP HANA Data-to-Code: Data-intensive computations in APPLICATION layer Code-to-Data*: Data-intensive computations in DATABASE layer (*) aka Code Pushdown More in this blog
- 8. 8 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Modern ABAP application development Golden rules for SQL programming – Priority shift on SAP HANA More in this blog
- 9. 9 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Modern ABAP application development on SAP HANA ABAP Core Data Services (CDS) ABAP SQL (fka Open SQL) ABAP Managed Database Procedures (AMDP) – Procedures and Functions CDS Table Functions SAP HANA BREAKOUTS MAINSTREAM ABAP managed code pushdown
- 10. 10 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Evolution of ABAP CDS and Open/ABAP SQL SAP HANA CLOUD QUALITIES (Key User) Extensibility Allowlisting-support for CDS & AMDPs DB Administration Supportability ABAP RESTful Programming Model support ANYDB BREAKOUTS1 SQL ANYDB SQL SQL SQLScript SAP HANA SQL Windowing CTE SQLScript SQL Extensions Hierarchies GEO Spatial Support DB Tuning Objects (view caches) Specialized Engines Graph OPTIMIZED and SPECIALIZED ACCESS for SAP HANA CLASSIC ACCESS BREAKOUTS1 OPTIMIZED ACCESS for SAP HANA CDS / OPEN SQL CDS / OPEN SQL CDS / ABAP SQL2 Release 7.4 Release 7.50 – 7.52 Release ≥ 7.53 1*AMDP procedures and functions, CDS table functions, and CDS hierarchies 2*Open SQL was renamed to ABAP SQL starting with ABAP Platform 1809
- 11. 11 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Efficient ABAP development in Eclipse MODERN DEVELOPMENT TOOLSET Fully eclipse-based Syntax check, Code completion Syntax highlighting, Pretty printing Navigation, Search, Quick Fixes QUALITY ASSURANCE Static code checks (ATC, CVA) with remote and local scenarios Unit testing incl. isolation frameworks Test seams and injections SUPPORTABILITY Debugging, profiling Static and dynamic logging Runtime monitoring and analysis HIGH DEVELOPER PRODUCTIVITY WITH THE ABAP DEVELOPMENT TOOLS (ADT)
- 12. ABAP CORE DATA SERVICES (CDS) – OVERVIEW
- 13. 13 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Next generation data modeling and access For all application domains Rich set of built-in functions Code pushdown capabilities Declarative access control Reduced complexity Extending SQL CORE DATA SERVICES COMMON DATA MODEL Semantically rich Declarative Close to conceptual thinking IMPROVED PROGRAMMING MODEL CAPTURE BUSINESS INTENT © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public
- 14. 14 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Combine the best of both worlds with ABAP CDS VIEW BUILDING SQL views with restricted feature set for SAP HANA capabilities LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT ABAP lifecycle management e.g. transports ABAP type system ABAP AS SAP HANA VIEW BUILDING Specialized views (analytical views, attribute views, calculated views, …) LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT Non ABAP lifecycle management e.g. transports Non ABAP type system + ABAP CDS VIEW BUILDING Advanced data modelling leveraging DDIC semantics Code pushdown with various built-in SQL functions and expressions Code breakouts to utilize native SAP HANA features and capabilities via CDS Table Functions LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT Proven and consistent ABAP lifecycle management e.g. transports ABAP type system Consumption in ABAP SQL and ABAP frameworks
- 15. 15 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Overview of ABAP CDS entity types1 CATEGORY CDS ENTITY TYPE ABAP CDS STATEMENT Standard view building CDS View Entity2 CDS Projection View CDS DDIC-based View DEFINE VIEW ENTITY DEFINE VIEW ENTITY AS PROJECTION DEFINE VIEW Transactional behaviour definition of business objects within the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model (RAP) CDS Behavior Definition CDS Behavior Projection DEFINE BEHAVIOR Modification-free extension CDS Metadata Extension CDS View Extension CDS View Entity Extension CDS Abstract Entity Extension ANNOTATE VIEW EXTEND VIEW EXTEND VIEW ENTITY EXTEND ABSTRACT ENTITY SAP HANA breakout CDS Table Function CDS Hierarchy DEFINE TABLE FUNCTION DEFINE HIERARCHY External implementation CDS Custom Entity CDS Abstract Entity DEFINE CUSTOM ENTITY DEFINE ABSTRACT ENTITY Access control CDS Access Control DEFINE ROLE 2 Successor of CDS DDIC-based view 1 State of Q1 2022
- 16. 16 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public ABAP CDS view entity – Example selection Data source Element annotations Associations ABAP Flight Reference Scenario - Example available in package /DMO/FLIGHT_DRAFT View annotations View definition
- 17. 17 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Built-in SQL functions and expressions GENERIC / AGGREGATION CONVERSION DATE / TIME NUMERIC STRING
- 18. 18 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public CDS annotations for domain-specific frameworks Enrich meta model with consumer-specific vocabularies Reusable and unified view model for all use cases Enabling flexible usage in different contexts Separation of concern using CDS metadata extensions for UI-specific annotations Vital part of new ABAP programming models CDS ANNOTATION DOMAINS Analytics BI-Tools Planning Search SAP Fiori elements …
- 19. 19 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public CDS associations WHERE CLAUSE PROJECTION LIST HAVING CLAUSE GROUP BY CLAUSE LEFT OUTER JOIN FROM CLAUSE INNER JOIN Capturing the relationships between entities in the data model Used associations are implicitly translated into SQL joins Reuse of generated joins when semantically identical Can be queried in CDS views and Open SQL Navigate thru entity using path expressions
- 20. 20 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Nested CDS views and extensibility Hierarchical view-on-view concept Optimized result sets with minimum data transfer Modification-free append of additional columns, arithmetic expressions or literals to result set Basic View View on View Consumer Extensions C1 V1 & Consumer Consumer C2 C3 View on View V2
- 21. 21 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public CDS Hierarchy defines a CDS entity as a hierarchy in the CDS DDL A CDS hierarchy has a tabular results set whose rows construct parent-child relationships from hierarchical data sets A CDS hierarchy can be accessed as the data source of an ABAP SQL query, and it is handled like a hierarchy in which additional hierarchy columns can be selected CDS hierarchies – Build hierarchies on SAP HANA CDS source view Self association ABAP CDS hierarchy CDS source view Filter results
- 22. 22 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Declarative access control with CDS roles Classical approach <Code> <Code> ABAP SQL Authorization check PFCG Declarative approach <Code> <Code> ABAP SQL PFCG CDS role CDS entities & Declarative instead of coded approach Using CDS Data Control Language (DCL) Explicitly defined for each CDS entity Based on PFCG conditions, literal conditions, user conditions, and inheritance conditions Defined once and automatically used everywhere Authorizations pushed down to the database
- 23. 23 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public CDS development in Eclipse Eclipse-based CDS Tooling Source-based editor Part of ABAP Development tools 01 Development support Syntax check Code completion Syntax highlighting, pretty printing Element info and navigation Quick fixes 02 Supportability Enhanced data preview Dependency analyser Activation graph / Dictionary log Active annotations view Unit testing 03
- 24. 24 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public SAP HANA Breakouts
- 25. 25 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Why code breakouts for SAP HANA make sense … UNLEASH THE FULL POTENTIAL OF YOUR SAP HANA DATABASE Some scenarios require selective measures Highest performance requirements e.g. with complex calculations Use of database / analytical engine specific functions required ABAP SQL and plain CDS views are not sufficient to solve problem efficiently RESTRICTIONS Database-specific SAP HANA only No automatic fallback for anyDB
- 26. 26 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public ABAP managed database procedures (AMDP) for SAP HANA EASY ACCESS TO SAP HANA ADVANCED ENGINES / LIBRARIES Like predictive analysis, financials, text mining, calculation engine INTEGRATED IN THE ABAP INFRASTRUCTURE Development, runtime error analysis, enhancement, transport SAP HANA SQLScript coding embedded in ABAP classes Seamless integration into CDS via CDS table functions UTILIZE NATIVE SAP HANA ENTITIES Stored procedures, database functions and scalar functions supported Expression of complex logic Parameterized requests and multiple result sets
- 27. 27 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public CDS table functions – Seamless AMDP integration into CDS CDS table function definition Parameter list Return Parameter Reference to implementing method AMDP function Implementation Runtime for table function Runs stored SQLScript procedure generated from AMDP on database tables SAP HANA Database DDL Source AMDP class Includes SQLScript based database function body
- 28. 28 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public AMDP development in Eclipse DEVELOPMENT Eclipse-based source code editor SQLScript syntax highlighting Static syntax check Error handling via class-based exceptions Modification-free extension via AMDP BAdIs SUPPORTABILITY Autonomous AMDP debugger in ADT Detailed runtime errors integrated in ST22 dumps
- 29. CORE DATA SERVICES IN ABAP APPLICATION PROGRAMMING
- 30. 30 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Evolution of the ABAP programming model CDS as vital part of SAP S/4HANA and SAP BTP ABAP Environment ABAP PLATFORM ≤ 7.5 CLASSIC ABAP PROGRAMMING Best practice freestyle ABAP programming, (Web) Dynpro, CDS1 ABAP PLATFORM ≥ 7.5 ABAP PROGRAMMING MODEL FOR SAP FIORI CDS, CDS-based BOPF, SEGW / @OData annotation with Referenced Data Source SAP BTP ABAP ENVIRONMENT SAP S/4HANA ≥ 1909 ABAP RESTful APPLICATION PROGRAMMING MODEL (RAP) CDS, Behavior Definition & Implementation, Business Services 1 starting with release 7.4 SPS05 Safe investments!
- 31. 31 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public CDS SAP FIORI UIs Consume OData based UI services CDS in the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model (RAP) DATA MODELING & BEHAVIOR BUSINESS SERVICE PROVISIONING CONSUMPTION CDS ENTITIES CDS: Data modeling ANALYTICAL MODEL CDS: Analytical cubes CDS: Analytical dimensions ANALYTICAL PROJECTION CDS: Analytical projection views SERVICE DEFINITION – Define scope to be exposed WEB APIs Consume OData based services SAP ANALYTICS CLOUD Consume InA based UI services for live data access DATA INTEGRATION Consume SQL based services SERVICE BINDING – Bind to protocol version and scenario BUSINESS OBJECT PROJECTION CDS: BO projection views BDEF: Behavior projection ABAP: Behavior implementation BUSINESS OBJECTS CDS: Data modeling BDEF: Behavior definition ABAP: Behavior implementation
- 32. 32 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public SAP S/4HANA Core Tables (ECC) > 40 000 Tables (technical, cryptic, unrelated) VDM is a set of views on SAP S/4HANA application data Business-oriented Understandable & semantically rich Reusable & stable Executed on SAP HANA Implemented as ABAP CDS views VDM is the data model and source for all types of apps Transactional Analytical External interfaces Customers and partners can develop on released VDM views Virtual Data Model (VDM) for application data in SAP S/4HANA SAP S/4HANA ABAP Platform Virtual Data Model (ABAP CDS) Customer Material SalesOrder SalesOrderItem
- 33. 33 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public When implementing your own CDS views, follow the SAP S/4HANA’s Virtual Data Model (VDM) implementation pattern for best reuse and interoperability Clarify your data model before starting your implementation Start with the implementation of basic interface views Adapt names and add semantical information already on this level CDS in SAP S/4HANA – Recommendations
- 34. SUMMARY
- 35. 35 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Key takeaways ABAP Core Data Services (CDS) Code pushdown is the ABAP programming paradigm on SAP HANA 01 Further enhancements and optimizations will be delivered with future ABAP platform releases 03 03 CDS is the cornerstone of the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model (RAP) CDS plays a vital role in SAP BTP ABAP environment and SAP S/4HANA on-premise as well as in the cloud 03 CDS is the next generation data modelling infrastructure on the ABAP platform CDS offers advanced capabilities to fully leverage SAP HANA’s power in ABAP applications 03
- 36. 36 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public FREE openSAP COURSE ENROLL NOW! https://open.sap.com/courses/cp13 Building Apps with the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model (RAP) Self-paced mode Week 1: Introduction Week 2: Developing a Read-Only List Report App Week 3: Enabling the Transactional Behavior of an App Week 4: Dealing with Existing Code Week 5: Service Consumption and Web APIs Week 6: Final Exam
- 37. 37 © 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. | Public Further information SAP Community ▪ ABAP Development Community ▪ Landing pages: ABAP Platform 2021 | ABAP Platform 2020 | ABAP Platform 1909 | ABAP Platform 1809 | AS ABAP 7.52 | AS ABAP 7.51 | AS ABAP 7.50 ▪ Getting started with ABAP development for SAP HANA ▪ Getting started with ABAP Core Data Services (CDS) ▪ Getting started with the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model (RAP) ▪ Developer center: https://www.sap.com/developer/topics/abap-platform.html SAP Help Portal ▪ ABAP Platform 2021 | ABAP CDS Developer Guide | ABAP Keyword Documentation SAP training and certification opportunities ▪ www.sap.com/education – e.g. S4H430, HA400
- 38. Thank you.
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