Introduction To Computers
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An introduction to computers including: - What a computer is and its basic functions of input, processing, output, and storage. - The main internal components of a computer including the central processing unit, memory, input devices, output devices, and storage devices. - Examples of input devices such as keyboards and mice, as well as output devices like printers and monitors. Common storage devices include hard drives, flash drives, CDs/DVDs. - The different types of software including system software, application software, educational software, and entertainment software.
Introduction To Computers
- 2. What is a computer? An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data, manipulate the data according to specified rules, produce information from the processing, and store the results for future use.
- 3. Devices that comprise a personal computer.
- 5. Information Processing Cycle—four general operations Input Processing Output Storage
- 6. What are the components of the computer? Input devices Central processing unit (CPU) Output devices Memory Storage devices
- 7. Input Devices Keyboard Mouse Digital camera Scanner Microphone
- 8. Keyboards
- 10. Digital Cameras
- 11. Scanners
- 12. Microphones
- 13. Central Processing Unit Made up of the control unit and arithmetic/logic unit The brains of the CPU is the processor. There are different brands and speeds Pentium made by Intel Celeron made by Intel Athlon made by AMD Memory RAM—also called Random Access Memory
- 15. Data Representation Byte—one character of data Kilobyte—one thousand bytes of data Megabyte—one million bytes Gigabyte—one billion bytes Terabyte—one trillion bytes Petabyte—one quadrillion bytes Exabyte—one quintillion bytes Zettabyte—one sextillion bytes Yottabyte—one septillion bytes http://www.jimloy.com/math/billion.htm
- 16. Output Devices Printers Impact printers Dot matrix printers Nonimpact printers Ink jet Laser Color B & W Monitors CRT’S LCD’S
- 17. STORAGE DEVICES Floppy Disks 3.5-inch disks store 1.44M of data Must be formatted Tracks sectors Hard Disks Spins at 5,400 – 7,200 rpm (revolutions per minute) Can store anywhere between 10G – 250G+ of data CD’s—Compact Discs Available in a variety of formats—CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW A typical CD holds about 650 MB of data DVD’s Available as DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RW Can hold 4.7 GB of data Zip Drives—high capacity floppy disk drive; has lost popularity Zip disks can hold from 100 MB – 250 MB of data USB Flash Drive Storage capacity between 32 MB – 4 GB
- 18. STORAGE DEVICES
- 19. Software—Can be categorized into four types System software Application software Educational software Entertainment software
- 20. System Software Controls the operations of computer equipment Operating System software tells the computer how to: Load Store Execute OS is loaded into memory when the computer is turned on This process is called booting Most OS’s use a Graphical User Interface (GUI) Provides visual cues such as icons Each icon represents an application
- 21. Application Software Programs that tell a computer how to produce information Commonly used applications Word processing Spreadsheet Database Presentation Financial Email Taxing
- 22. Educational Software Software that can be used for learning purposes Examples include: Jump Start Series Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing Reader Rabbit Encarta or World Book Math Blaster Rosetta Stone Spanish
- 23. Entertainment Software Sports games Madden NFL MLB The Sims World of Warcraft Rollercoaster Tycoon Final Fantasy Halo Myst Half Life Barbie Fashion Show