Introduction to computers
- 1. Introduction to Computer Zeeshan Haider Aulakh Email: zeeshanhaider288@gmail.com
- 2. Objectives Overview Explain why computer literacy is vital to success in today’s world Define the term, computer, and describe the relationship between data and information Describe the five components of a computer Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when working with computers Define the term, network, and identify benefits of sharing resources on a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives
- 3. Objectives Overview Distinguish between system software and application software Differentiate among types, sizes, and functions of computers in each category Describe the role of each element in an information system Explain how home users, small office/home office users, mobile users, power users, and enterprise users each interact with computers Discuss how society uses computers in education, finance, government, health care, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives
- 4. What Is a Computer? • A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory Information Processing Cycle
- 5. What Is a Computer? Page 6 Figure 1-2
- 6. The Components of a Computer • A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware Pages 6 - 8 Input Device • Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer Output Device • Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people System Unit • Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data Storage Device • Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media Communication s Device • Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices
- 7. The Components of a Computer Page 7 Figure 1-3
- 8. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers Advantages of Using Computers Speed Reliability Consistency Storage Communications Disadvantages of Using Computers Health Risks Violation of Privacy Public Safety Impact on Labor Force Impact on Environment Pages 9 - 10
- 9. Networks and the Internet • A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media Pages 10 - 11 Figure 1-6
- 10. Networks and the Internet • The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals Page 11 Figure 1-7
- 11. Networks and the Internet • People use the Internet for a variety of reasons: Pages 12 - 13 Figure 1-8 Communicate Research and Access Information Shop Bank and Invest Online Trading Entertainment Download Videos Share Information Web Application
- 12. Networks and the Internet • A social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users Page 14 Figure 1-9
- 13. Computer Software • Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them Pages 15 - 16 Figures 1-10 - 1-11 System Software • Operating system • Utility program Application Software
- 14. Computer Software • Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware Pages 16 - 17 Figure 1-12
- 15. Computer Software • A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information Page 18 Figure 1-13
- 16. Categories of Computers Personal computers Mobile computers and mobile devices Game consoles ServersMainframes Supercomputers Embedded computers Page 19
- 17. Personal Computers • A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself • Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple – Desktop computer Pages 19 - 20 Figures 1-15 - 1-16
- 18. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Personal computer you can carry from place to place Examples include notebook computers, laptop computers, netbooks, ultra-thins, and Tablet PCs Mobile Computer Computing device small enough to hold in your hand Examples include smart phones and PDAs, e- book readers, handheld computers, portable media players, and digital cameras Mobile Device Pages 20 - 23
- 19. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Notebook computer Tablet PC Smart phones and PDAs E-book reader Pages 20 - 22 Figures 1-17 – 1-20
- 20. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Handheld computer Portable media player Digital camera Pages 22 - 23 Figures 1-21 – 1-23
- 21. Servers • A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network – Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information Page 25 Figure 1-25
- 22. Mainframes • A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously Page 25 Figure 1-26
- 23. Supercomputers • A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer – Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second Page 25 Figure 1-27
- 24. Embedded Computers • An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product Page 26 Consumer Electronics • Mobile and digital telephones • Digital televisions • Cameras • Video recorders • DVD players and recorders • Answering machines Home Automation Devices • Thermostats • Sprinkling systems • Security monitoring systems • Appliances • Lights Automobiles • Antilock brakes • Engine control modules • Airbag controller • Cruise control Process Controllers and Robotics • Remote monitoring systems • Power monitors • Machine controllers • Medical devices Computer Devices and Office Machines • Keyboards • Printers • Faxes • Copiers
- 25. Embedded Computers Page 26 Figure 1-28
- 26. Elements of an Information System Hardware Software Data People Procedures Page 27
- 27. Elements of an Information System Page 27 Figure 1-29
- 28. Computer Applications in Society Education Finance Government Health Care Pages 34 - 36 Figures 1-36 – 1-39
- 29. Computer Applications in Society Science Publishing Travel Manufacturing
- 30. Summary Basic computer concepts Components of a computer Networks, the Internet, and computer software Many different categories of computers, computer users, and computer applications in society Page 39