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Chapter 2 The Internet And World Wide Web

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The document discusses the basics of how the Internet works including: 1. The Internet originated as a research project called ARPANET developed by the U.S. Department of Defense to enable communication between universities and research labs. 2. It has since grown into a worldwide network of interconnected computers and networks with no single entity in control. 3. The World Wide Web was created by Tim Berners-Lee as a way to share and link information over the Internet using browsers and web pages.

Technology
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Chapter 2 The Internet and World Wide Web
Chapter 2 Objectives Discuss how the Internet works Understand ways to access the Internet Identify a URL Know how to search for information on the Web Describe the types of Web pages Define Webcasting Describe the uses of electronic commerce (e-commerce) Identify the tools required for Web publishing Explain how e-mail, FTP, newsgroups and message boards, mailing lists, chat rooms and instant messaging work Identify the rules of netiquette Recognize how Web pages use graphics, animation,audio, video, and virtual reality p. 2.2 Next
The Internet What is a network? A collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and media Modems Cables Telephone lines Satellites p. 2.2 Next
The Internet What is the Internet? Also called the Net A worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals p. 2.2 Next
The Internet What are some of the services found on the Internet? p. 2.3 Fig. 2-1 message board instant messaging file transfer e-mail Web chat Next
History of the Internet How did the Internet originate? p. 2.3 Goal: To function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed Became functional in September 1969 Goal: To allow scientists at different locations to share information and work together on military and scientific projects ARPANET Networking project by Pentagon’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) Next
History of the Internet What is a host node? Also called a host Any computer that directly connects to a network Often stores and transfers data and messages Provides network connections for other computers Four original nodes on ARPANET University of California at Los Angeles University of California at Santa Barbara University of Utah Stanford Research Institute p. 2.4 Next
History of the Internet How has this network grown? p. 2.4 Today More than 100 million host nodes 1984 More than 1,000 host nodes 1969 Four host nodes Next
History of the Internet What is NSFnet? The National Science Foundation’s network Five supercomputer centers Connected to ARPANET in 1986 p. 2.4 NSFnet ARPANET The Internet Next
History of the Internet Who provides the structure for the Internet today? p. 2.4 Government Cable companies Satellite companies Telephone companies Networks from corporations, commercial firms, and other companies Next
History of the Internet Who controls the Internet? The Internet is a public, cooperative, and independent network No single entity controls or owns the Internet Several organizations advise and define standards p. 2.4 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Oversees research and sets standards and guidelines Internet2 (I2) Internet-related research and development project Develops and tests advanced Internet technologies Next
Technology Trailblazer Tim Berners-Lee Created the World Wide Web Director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) at MIT Click to view Web Link then click Tim Berners-Lee p. 2.4 Next
How the Internet Works What is an Internet service provider (ISP)? A business that has a permanent Internet connection Provides temporary connections to individuals and companies for free or for a fee p. 2.5 Regional ISP Provides access to the Internet through one or more telephone numbers local to a specific geographic location National ISP Provides local telephone numbers in most major cities and towns nationwide May also provide a toll-free number Next
How the Internet Works What is a point of presence (POP)? p. 2.5 An access point on the Internet Accessed by dialing a telephone number Select a service provider with at least one local POP telephone number Next
How the Internet Works What are other service providers? Click to view Web Link then click Service Providers p. 2.5 Wireless Service Provider Company that provides wireless Internet access Online Service Provider (OSP) Supplies Internet access Has many members- only features that offer special content Next
Company on the Cutting Edge America Online World’s leading online service provider Services include electronic mail, software, computer support services, Internet access Click to view Web Link then click AOL Founded in 1985 by Stephen M. Case p. 2.6 Next
What are ways to access the Internet? How the Internet Works 1 Regional Internet Service Provider’s POP 2 National Internet Service Provider’s POP 3 Online Service’s Local POP Online Service (special members-only content) 4 Wireless Internet Service Provider p. 2.5 Fig. 2-2 1 local call long-distance call 1 2 local call local call long-distance call toll-free call 1 2 3 local call local call local call long-distance call toll-free call 4 1 2 3 local call local call local call local call long-distance call toll-free call Next
How the Internet Works How can you connect to the Internet? p. 2.6 High speed connection Employees and students Computers part of a local area network (LAN) Connect to service provider through a high-speed connection line leased from local telephone company Dial-up access Home or small business Computer, modem, regular telephone line Dial into an ISP or OSP Newer high-speed technologies Home and small business Digital subscriber line (DSL) – provides high-speed Internet connections over regular copper telephone line Cable modem- provides high-speed Internet connections through cable television network Next
How the Internet Works What are three parts of an Internet connection? Click to view Web Link then click Internet Backbone p. 2.6 Backbone Inner structure of the Internet Communications lines that carry the heaviest amount of traffic Server Computer that manages the resources on a network Provides a centralized storage area for resources such as programs and data Also called a host computer Client Computer that can access the contents of the storage area on the server Next
How might data travel the Internet using a telephone line connection? How the Internet Works 1: You initiate an action to request data from the Internet. 2: A modem converts the digital signals from the computer into analog signals, which are understood by telephone lines. 3: Data (request) travels through telephone lines to a local ISP. 4: Data may pass through one or more routers before reaching its final destination. 5: The regional ISP uses lines, leased from a telephone company, to send data to a national ISP. 6: The national ISP routes data across the country to another national ISP. 7: Data moves from a national ISP to a local ISP and then to a destination server. 8: The server retrieves the requested data and sends it back through the Internet backbone to your computer. p. 2.7 Fig. 2-3 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Regional ISP Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Regional ISP National ISP Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Regional ISP National ISP National ISP Internet backbone Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Regional ISP Local ISP National ISP National ISP Internet backbone Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Regional ISP Local ISP National ISP National ISP Internet backbone Next
How the Internet Works What is an Internet protocol (IP) address? Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet Four groups of numbers, each separated by a period Number in each group is between 0 and 255 IP address p. 2.8 Fig. 2-4 199.95.72.10 first part identifies network last part identifies specific computer Next
How the Internet Works What is a domain name? Text version of an IP address Components are separated by periods Each domain name represents one or more IP addresses IP address 199.95.72.10 Domain name p. 2.8 Fig. 2-4 www.scsite.com Next
How the Internet Works What is a top-level domain (TLD) abbreviation? Identifies the type of organization associated with the domain Sometimes called dot com when TLD is com p. 2.8 Fig. 2-5 Next
How the Internet Works What systems control domain names? p. 2.8 Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) Group that assigns and controls TLDs Domain name system (DNS) System on the Internet that stores the domain names and their corresponding IP addresses DNS server Translates the domain name into its associated IP address Next
The World Wide Web What is the World Wide Web (WWW)? Also known as the Web A worldwide collection of electronic documents Each document on the Web is called a Web page Can contain text, graphics, sound, and video Can contain built-in connections to other documents A Web site is a collection of related Web pages p. 2.9 Next
The World Wide Web What is a Web browser? Also called a browser Software program that allows you to access and view Web pages Two popular browsers for personal computers Netscape Internet Explorer p. 2.9 Fig. 2-6 Next
How can you establish a connection and start the Web browser? The World Wide Web 1 Double-click an icon on the desktop, such as Internet Explorer, to start your browser. 2 If you are not connected to the Internet already, your computer attempts to establish a connection with a service provider. If necessary, click the Connect button. 3 Connection to the Internet occurs and a home page displays. Shown here is an AOL home page. Your home page may vary. p. 2.10 Fig. 2-7 Step 1 Internet Explorer icon Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Next
The World Wide Web What is a home page? Starting page for a browser Provides information about the site’s purpose and content Some Web sites also refer to their starting page as a home page May be changed at any time p. 2.10 Next
The World Wide Web What is downloading? p. 2.11 The process of receiving information, such as a Web page, onto your computer from a server on the Internet Can take from a few seconds to several minutes You can speed up the display of pages by turning off the graphics and displaying only text in most Web browsers Next
The World Wide Web How do Web-enabled handheld computers and devices access the Web? Use a special type of browser designed for their small screens Microbrowser – software program that accesses and displays Web pages that contain mostly text Also called a minibrowser p. 2.11 Fig. 2-8 Microbrowser for a Web-enabled handheld computer Microbrowser for a Web-enabled cellular telephone Next
The World Wide Web What is a hyperlink? Also called a link Built-in connection to another related Web page or part of a Web page Allows you to obtain information in a nonlinear way Click to view animation p. 2.12 Next
The World Wide Web How can you identify a link? Link can be a word, phrase, or image Text links usually are underlined or in a color different from the rest of the document A graphical link may change its appearance when you point to it The shape of the pointer on the screen changes to a small hand with a pointing index finger when you position it on a link or point to the link Click the link to activate it p. 2.12 Next
The World Wide Web How do you navigate a variety of links? p. 2.12 Fig. 2-9 pointer Some links display a different color when you point to them. Click the link to display its associated Web site or Web page. pointer Some links are underlined. Click the link to display the associated Web site or Web page. pointer Some links are graphical images. Click the link to display its associated Web site or Web page. Next
The World Wide Web What is surfing the Web? Links can point to an item on the same Web page, a different Web page at the same Web site, or a separate Web page at a different Web site in another city or country The activity of jumping from one Web page to another is surfing p. 2.12 Next
The World Wide Web What is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)? Unique address for a Web page Browser retrieves a Web page by using the URL Also called a Web address Type the URL into the address text box on the browser and press the Enter key to display a Web page p. 2.13 Fig. 2-10 http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html address text box Next
The World Wide Web What are the parts of a URL? Click to view Web Link then click URLs p. 2.13 Fig. 2-10 protocol domain name path http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html Next
The World Wide Web What is a Web server? A computer that delivers (serves) Web pages you request The same Web server can store multiple Web sites p. 2.13 Fig. 2-10 http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html Next
The World Wide Web What is a search engine? A software program you can use to find Web sites, Web pages and Internet files Click to view video p. 2.14 Search text A word or phrase entered in the search engine’s text box Also called keywords Spider A program that reads pages on Web sites in order to find Web pages that contain the search text Also called a crawler or bot Next
The World Wide Web What is a hit? Any Web page name that lists as the result of a search p. 2.14 Fig. 2-11 hit 363 hits Next
The World Wide Web What are some widely used search engines? p. 2.15 Fig. 2-12 Next
The World Wide Web What is a directory? An organized set of topics Used by a search engine to aid in locating Web sites Each major topic has related subtopics p. 2.15 Fig. 2-13 Next
The World Wide Web What are the six basic types of Web pages? p. 2.16 advocacy Web page informational Web page business/marketing Web page news Web page personal Web page portal Web page Next
The World Wide Web What is an advocacy Web page? Contains content that describes a cause, opinion,or idea Purpose is to convince the reader of the validity of the cause, opinion, or idea p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14a Next
The World Wide Web What is a business/marketing Web page? Contains content that promotes or sells products or services Often allows you to purchase products or services online p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14b Next
The World Wide Web What is an informational Web page? Contains factual information Many U.S. government sites provide information p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14c Next
The World Wide Web What is a news Web page? Contains newsworthy material Stories and articles relating to current events, life, money, sports, and the weather p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14d Next
The World Wide Web What is a portal Web page Often called a portal Offers a variety of Internet services from a single, convenient location p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14e Next
The World Wide Web What services are often found on a portal? p. 2.17 maps stock quotes reference tools sports and weather search engine local , national, and worldwide news free personal Web pages e-mail instant messaging calendars shopping malls and auctions newsgroups or message boards chat rooms Next
The World Wide Web What is a Web community? A Web site that joins a specific group of people with similar interests or relationships Usually offer special services to facilitate communication among members p. 2.17 newsgroup or message board e-mail online photo albums chat room Next
The World Wide Web What is a wireless portal? A portal specifically designed for Web-enabled handheld computers and devices Attempts to provide all information a wireless user might require Services include search engines, news, stock quotes, weather, maps, e-mail, calendar, instant messaging, and shopping p. 2.17 Next
Company on the Cutting Edge Yahoo! Co-founded by Jerry Yang and David Filo in 1994 Click to view Web Link then click Yahoo! Started as a series of lists to organize favorite Web sites Today more than 166 million visitors access 189 million pages daily p. 2.17 Next
The World Wide Web What is a personal Web page? A Web page maintained by a private individual who normally is not associated with any organization Reasons: job hunting and sharing life experience with the world p. 2.17 Fig. 2-14f Next
The World Wide Web What is multimedia? Any application that integrates text with other media elements Often used for Web pages to add appeal Multimedia Web pages often require more time to download because they contain large graphics and video or audio clips p. 2.18 virtual reality graphics audio animation video Next
The World Wide Web What is a graphic? Also called a graphical image A digital representation of information such as a drawing, chart, or photograph First media used to enhance text-based Internet p. 2.18 Fig. 2-15 Next
The World Wide Web What are the formats for graphics files on the Web? p. 2.18 Fig. 2-16 Next
The World Wide Web Which two formats are most popular for the Web? p. 2.19 GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) Also uses compression techniques to reduce file size Works best for images with only a few distinct colors, such as line drawings, single-color borders, and simple cartoons JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) Graphical image that uses compression techniques to reduce the file size Smaller sizes result in faster downloading of Web page The more compressed the file, the smaller the file, but the lower the quality Next
The World Wide Web What is a thumbnail? A small version of a larger graphical image Used because graphics files can be time consuming to display Usually click thumbnail to display the full-sized image p. 2.19 Fig. 2-17 Next
The World Wide Web What is animation? The appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in rapid sequence Adds visual interest or draws attention to important information or links Animated GIF uses computer animation and graphics software to combine several images into a single GIF file p. 2.19 Next
The World Wide Web What is a marquee? Text that animates by scrolling across the screen Pronounced mar-KEE * * * * * * * add * * * * add inte * * * * add interest * * * * add interest with * * * * add interest with anim * * * * add interest with animation * * * * add interest with animation * * * * * * * add interest with animation * * * * add interest with animation * * * * interest with animation * * * * rest with animation * * * * with animation * * * * animation * * * * tion * * * * * * * * p. 2.19 Next
The World Wide Web What is audio? Music, speech, or any other sound Individual sound files that you download to your computer Click icon to hear audio clip. Press the Esc key to cancel. music speech other sound p. 2.20 Next
The World Wide Web What is MP3? A popular technology that compresses audio Reduces an audio file to about one-tenth of its original size while preserving the original quality of the sound MP3 file are easily copied from the Web Controversy with respect to copyright infringement p. 2.20 Next
The World Wide Web How can you play MP3 files? Most current operating systems contain a program called a player plays audio in MP3 files on your computer Portable audio devices called MP3 players play MP3 files stored on CD or miniature storage media Click to view Web Link then click MP3 p. 2.20 Fig. 2-18 plays music stored on CD plays music stored on clik! disk plays music stored on CD Next
The World Wide Web What is streaming audio? Also called streaming sound Enables you to listen to the sound as it downloads Many radio and television stations use streaming audio to broadcast Two accepted standards Windows Media Player RealAudio – a component of RealPlayer Click to view Web Link then click Streaming Media p. 2.21 Fig. 2-19 Next
The World Wide Web What is video? Consists of full-motion images that are played back at various speeds Most video also has accompanying audio video p. 2.22 Fig. 2-20 Next
The World Wide Web What video formats are used on the Web? p. 2.22 MPEG standard (Moving Pictures Experts Group) Individual video files that you must download completely before you can play them on the computer Streaming video Allows you to view longer or live video images as they download to your computer Two widely used standards RealVideo – a component of RealPlayer Windows Media Player Next
The World Wide Web What is a Web cam? Also called a cam A video camera whose output displays on a Web page Shows images that change regularly Web cam p. 2.22 Next
The World Wide Web What is virtual reality (VR)? The use of computers to simulate a real or imaged environment that appears as a three-dimensional (3D) space VR world – a 3-D site that contains infinite space and depth Used for games as well as many practical applications p. 2.22 Fig. 2-21 Next
The World Wide Web What is pull and push technology? p. 2.23 Fig. 2-22 Pull Obtaining information by requesting it from a site Relies on a client to request a Web page from a server Push Server automatically downloads content to your computer at regular intervals ticker tape pushed to desktop from Microsoft Investor Web site Next
The World Wide Web What is Webcasting? Another name for push technology Delivers information at regular intervals without you having to request it Information can be viewed whether you are online or offline p. 2.23 ticker tape pushed to desktop from Microsoft Investor Web site Next
Electronic Commerce What is electronic commerce? Also known as e-commerce A financial business transaction that occurs over an electronic network such as the Internet p. 2.24 Fig. 2-23 Next
Electronic Commerce What are the three types of e-commerce? p. 2.25 Business to consumer (B-to-C or b2C) Sale of goods to the general public Consumer to consumer (C-to-C or C2C) One consumer sells directly to another Business to business (B-to-B or B2B) Businesses providing goods and services to other businesses Next
Electronic Commerce What are some features of e-commerce? Electronic storefront The place where a customer visits an online business Shopping cart Allows the customer to collect purchases Online auction Site where you can bid on an item being sold by someone else Click to view Web Link then click E-Commerce p. 2.25 Next
Technology Trailblazer Masayoshi Son Helped to bring Japan to the forefront of the digital age Founded Softbank Corporation in 1981 Click to view Web Link then click Masayoshi Son By 1995, Softbank controlled one-half of the personal computer software in Japan A leading member of Japan’s Prime Minister’s IT Strategy Council p. 2.25 Next
Web Publishing The development and maintenance of Web pages What is Web Publishing? 1 Plan: Think about issues that could affect the design of the Web site. 2 Analyze and Design: Sketch a design of the Web page on paper. 3 Create: Create the Web site in a software package such as word processing. 4 Deploy: Copy (upload) the Web site from your hard disk to a Web server. 5 Maintain: Visit and revise your Web site regularly to be sure it is working and current. p. 2.26 Fig. 2-24 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Next
Web Publishing What is needed for creating a Web page? Also called Web page authoring p. 2.26 Hardware Digital camera Scanner Sound card Microphone PC camera Software to prepare HTML HTML (hypertext markup language) A set of special codes that format a file for use as a Web page Created with either: Word processing package Web page authoring software Next
Web Publishing What is a plug-in? An additional program that extends the capability of a browser Many plug-ins can be downloaded at no cost from the Web Click to view Web Link then click Plug-ins p. 2.28 Fig. 2-25 Next
Web Publishing How do you deploy a Web site? Click to view Web Link then click Web Publishing p. 2.29 Upload, or copy, the site to the Web server Locate a Web server to store your site Provided by many ISPs and OSPs at no additional cost Provided by a Web hosting service for a monthly fee Next
Web Publishing What else might be needed to create a Web site? Click to view Web Link then click Submission Services p. 2.29 Apply to an official registrar for a specific domain name Register site with search engines using a submission service A Web-based business that helps register your site Webmaster Individual responsible for maintaining a Web site and developing Web pages Next
Other Internet Services What is e-mail? Electronic mail The transmission of messages and files via a computer network Use an e-mail program to work with messages Click to view Web Link then click E-mail p. 2.31 create receive store print send forward delete Next
How do you send an e-mail message? Other Internet Services 1 Start an e-mail program and point to the New Mail Message button 2 Click the New Mail Message button to display the Message window 3 Enter the recipient’s e-mail address, the subject, and the message in the Message window 4 Click the Insert File button to attach a JPG file containing a picture to the message. Locate the file on your hard disk and click its name. An icon for the file displays. Click the Send button to send the message. 5 When Sally receives the e-mail message, she opens the JPG file to view the picture. p. 2.30 Fig. 2-26 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Next
Other Internet Services What is an Internet e-mail address? A combination of a user name and a domain name that identifies a user so he or she can receive Internet e-mail p. 2.31 Fig. 2-27 user name or user-ID A unique combination of characters that identifies you at domain name Identifies the mail server Next
Other Internet Services How can you get e-mail? Most ISPs and OSPs provide an Internet e-mail program and a mailbox on a mail server as a standard part of their Internet access services Some Web sites provide e-mail services free of charge p. 2.33 mail server The server that contains the mailboxes address book Allows you to store a list of names and e-mail addresses mailbox Storage location usually residing on the computer that connects you to the Internet Next
Other Internet Services What is a POP server? Post office protocol server When a message arrives at the recipient’s mail server, the message transfers to a POP or POP3 server POP server holds an e-mail message until the recipient retrieves it with his or her e-mail software POP3 is the newest version p. 2.32 Next
Other Internet Services How does an e-mail message travel? 1 Using e-mail software, you create and send a message. 2 Your software contacts software on your service provider’s mail server. 3 Software on the mail server determines the best route for the data and sends the message, which travels along Internet routers to the recipient’s mail server. 4 The mail server transfers the message to a POP3 server. 5 When the recipient uses e-mail software to check for e-mail messages, the message transfers from the POP3 server to the recipient’s computer. p. 2.32 Fig. 2-28 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 mail server Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Internet routers mail server mail server Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Internet routers mail server mail server POP server Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Internet routers mail server mail server POP server Next
Other Internet Services What is FTP? File Transfer Protocol An Internet standard that allows you to upload and download files with other computers on the Internet p. 2.33 Fig. 2-29 file download window Next
Other Internet Services What are some FTP terms? p. 2.33 FTP server A computer that allows users to upload and download files using FTP FTP site A collection of files that reside on an FTP server anonymous FTP Anyone can transfer some, if not all, available files Next
Other Internet Services What is a newsgroup? An online area in which users conduct written discussions about a particular subject A user sends a message to the newsgroup Other users in the newsgroup read and reply to the message p. 2.33 Usenet The entire collection of Internet newsgroups news server A computer that stores and distributes newsgroup messages Next
Other Internet Services What is a newsreader? A program that enables you to access a newsgroup p. 2.33 article A previously entered message post Add an article to a news group thread Also called threaded discussion The original article and all subsequent related replies Next
Other Internet Services What is a message board? A type of discussion group that does not require a newsreader Click to view Web Link then click Newsgroups and Message Boards Also called a discussion board p. 2.34 Fig. 2-30 Next
Other Internet Services What is a mailing list? A group of e-mail names and addresses given to a single name When a message is sent to a mailing list, every person on the list receives a copy of the message Subscribe or unsubscribe to mailing list to add or remove your name from the mailing list Some are known as LISTSERVs p. 2.34 Fig. 2-31 Next
Other Internet Services What is a chat? A real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer Real-time means that you and the people with whom you are conversing are online at the same time A chat room is a location on an Internet server that permits users to chat Click to view Web Link then click Chat Rooms A chat client is a program on your computer that allows you to chat p. 2.35 Fig. 2-32 Next
Technology Trailblazer Lavonne Luquis Journalist Started LatinoLink, the first general interest Web magazine for Latinos Now known as Latino.com More that 280,000 visitors each month Click to view Web Link then click Lavonne Luquis p. 2.35 Next
Other Internet Services What is instant messaging (IM)? A real-time Internet communications service Notifies you when one or more people are online Allows you to exchange messages or files or join a private chat with them Click to view Web Link then click Instant Messaging p. 2.36 Fig. 2-33 message sent from Karen to Katy Karen’s message immediately displays on Katy’s computer screen because she is online Katy’s response to Karen Next
Other Internet Services What is netiquette? Internet etiquette Code of acceptable behaviors users should follow while on the Internet Netiquette Golden Rule: Treat others as you would like them to treat you . Use emoticons to express emotion : ) Smile : ( Frown : l Indifference :\ Undecided :o Surprised Use abbreviations for phrases such as BTW by the way FYI for your information FWIW for what it’s worth IMHO in my humble opinion TTFN ta ta for now TYVM thank you very much 2. Read the FAQ (frequently asked questions) 3. Use your user name for your personal use only 4. Do not assume material is accurate or up to date 5. Never read someone’s private e-mail Avoid sending or posting flames, which are abusive or insulting messages Do not participate in flame wars, which are exchanges of flames 1. In e-mail, newsgroups, and chat rooms: Keep messages brief Use proper spelling and grammar Be polite Avoid offensive language Do not use all capital letters which is the equivalent of SHOUTING! Clearly identify a spoiler: a message that reveals a solution to a game or ending to a movie or program Avoid sending spam, or an unsolicited message sent to many recipients at once. Considered Internet junk mail. Click to view video p. 2.37 Fig. 2-34 Next
Summary of the Internet and World Wide Web The Internet History of the Internet How the Internet works The World Wide Web Electronic commerce Web publishing Other Internet services Netiquette Next
Chapter 2 Complete

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Chapter 2 The Internet And World Wide Web

  • 1. Chapter 2 The Internet and World Wide Web
  • 2. Chapter 2 Objectives Discuss how the Internet works Understand ways to access the Internet Identify a URL Know how to search for information on the Web Describe the types of Web pages Define Webcasting Describe the uses of electronic commerce (e-commerce) Identify the tools required for Web publishing Explain how e-mail, FTP, newsgroups and message boards, mailing lists, chat rooms and instant messaging work Identify the rules of netiquette Recognize how Web pages use graphics, animation,audio, video, and virtual reality p. 2.2 Next
  • 3. The Internet What is a network? A collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and media Modems Cables Telephone lines Satellites p. 2.2 Next
  • 4. The Internet What is the Internet? Also called the Net A worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals p. 2.2 Next
  • 5. The Internet What are some of the services found on the Internet? p. 2.3 Fig. 2-1 message board instant messaging file transfer e-mail Web chat Next
  • 6. History of the Internet How did the Internet originate? p. 2.3 Goal: To function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed Became functional in September 1969 Goal: To allow scientists at different locations to share information and work together on military and scientific projects ARPANET Networking project by Pentagon’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) Next
  • 7. History of the Internet What is a host node? Also called a host Any computer that directly connects to a network Often stores and transfers data and messages Provides network connections for other computers Four original nodes on ARPANET University of California at Los Angeles University of California at Santa Barbara University of Utah Stanford Research Institute p. 2.4 Next
  • 8. History of the Internet How has this network grown? p. 2.4 Today More than 100 million host nodes 1984 More than 1,000 host nodes 1969 Four host nodes Next
  • 9. History of the Internet What is NSFnet? The National Science Foundation’s network Five supercomputer centers Connected to ARPANET in 1986 p. 2.4 NSFnet ARPANET The Internet Next
  • 10. History of the Internet Who provides the structure for the Internet today? p. 2.4 Government Cable companies Satellite companies Telephone companies Networks from corporations, commercial firms, and other companies Next
  • 11. History of the Internet Who controls the Internet? The Internet is a public, cooperative, and independent network No single entity controls or owns the Internet Several organizations advise and define standards p. 2.4 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Oversees research and sets standards and guidelines Internet2 (I2) Internet-related research and development project Develops and tests advanced Internet technologies Next
  • 12. Technology Trailblazer Tim Berners-Lee Created the World Wide Web Director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) at MIT Click to view Web Link then click Tim Berners-Lee p. 2.4 Next
  • 13. How the Internet Works What is an Internet service provider (ISP)? A business that has a permanent Internet connection Provides temporary connections to individuals and companies for free or for a fee p. 2.5 Regional ISP Provides access to the Internet through one or more telephone numbers local to a specific geographic location National ISP Provides local telephone numbers in most major cities and towns nationwide May also provide a toll-free number Next
  • 14. How the Internet Works What is a point of presence (POP)? p. 2.5 An access point on the Internet Accessed by dialing a telephone number Select a service provider with at least one local POP telephone number Next
  • 15. How the Internet Works What are other service providers? Click to view Web Link then click Service Providers p. 2.5 Wireless Service Provider Company that provides wireless Internet access Online Service Provider (OSP) Supplies Internet access Has many members- only features that offer special content Next
  • 16. Company on the Cutting Edge America Online World’s leading online service provider Services include electronic mail, software, computer support services, Internet access Click to view Web Link then click AOL Founded in 1985 by Stephen M. Case p. 2.6 Next
  • 17. What are ways to access the Internet? How the Internet Works 1 Regional Internet Service Provider’s POP 2 National Internet Service Provider’s POP 3 Online Service’s Local POP Online Service (special members-only content) 4 Wireless Internet Service Provider p. 2.5 Fig. 2-2 1 local call long-distance call 1 2 local call local call long-distance call toll-free call 1 2 3 local call local call local call long-distance call toll-free call 4 1 2 3 local call local call local call local call long-distance call toll-free call Next
  • 18. How the Internet Works How can you connect to the Internet? p. 2.6 High speed connection Employees and students Computers part of a local area network (LAN) Connect to service provider through a high-speed connection line leased from local telephone company Dial-up access Home or small business Computer, modem, regular telephone line Dial into an ISP or OSP Newer high-speed technologies Home and small business Digital subscriber line (DSL) – provides high-speed Internet connections over regular copper telephone line Cable modem- provides high-speed Internet connections through cable television network Next
  • 19. How the Internet Works What are three parts of an Internet connection? Click to view Web Link then click Internet Backbone p. 2.6 Backbone Inner structure of the Internet Communications lines that carry the heaviest amount of traffic Server Computer that manages the resources on a network Provides a centralized storage area for resources such as programs and data Also called a host computer Client Computer that can access the contents of the storage area on the server Next
  • 20. How might data travel the Internet using a telephone line connection? How the Internet Works 1: You initiate an action to request data from the Internet. 2: A modem converts the digital signals from the computer into analog signals, which are understood by telephone lines. 3: Data (request) travels through telephone lines to a local ISP. 4: Data may pass through one or more routers before reaching its final destination. 5: The regional ISP uses lines, leased from a telephone company, to send data to a national ISP. 6: The national ISP routes data across the country to another national ISP. 7: Data moves from a national ISP to a local ISP and then to a destination server. 8: The server retrieves the requested data and sends it back through the Internet backbone to your computer. p. 2.7 Fig. 2-3 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Regional ISP Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Regional ISP National ISP Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Regional ISP National ISP National ISP Internet backbone Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Regional ISP Local ISP National ISP National ISP Internet backbone Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Regional ISP Local ISP National ISP National ISP Internet backbone Next
  • 21. How the Internet Works What is an Internet protocol (IP) address? Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet Four groups of numbers, each separated by a period Number in each group is between 0 and 255 IP address p. 2.8 Fig. 2-4 199.95.72.10 first part identifies network last part identifies specific computer Next
  • 22. How the Internet Works What is a domain name? Text version of an IP address Components are separated by periods Each domain name represents one or more IP addresses IP address 199.95.72.10 Domain name p. 2.8 Fig. 2-4 www.scsite.com Next
  • 23. How the Internet Works What is a top-level domain (TLD) abbreviation? Identifies the type of organization associated with the domain Sometimes called dot com when TLD is com p. 2.8 Fig. 2-5 Next
  • 24. How the Internet Works What systems control domain names? p. 2.8 Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) Group that assigns and controls TLDs Domain name system (DNS) System on the Internet that stores the domain names and their corresponding IP addresses DNS server Translates the domain name into its associated IP address Next
  • 25. The World Wide Web What is the World Wide Web (WWW)? Also known as the Web A worldwide collection of electronic documents Each document on the Web is called a Web page Can contain text, graphics, sound, and video Can contain built-in connections to other documents A Web site is a collection of related Web pages p. 2.9 Next
  • 26. The World Wide Web What is a Web browser? Also called a browser Software program that allows you to access and view Web pages Two popular browsers for personal computers Netscape Internet Explorer p. 2.9 Fig. 2-6 Next
  • 27. How can you establish a connection and start the Web browser? The World Wide Web 1 Double-click an icon on the desktop, such as Internet Explorer, to start your browser. 2 If you are not connected to the Internet already, your computer attempts to establish a connection with a service provider. If necessary, click the Connect button. 3 Connection to the Internet occurs and a home page displays. Shown here is an AOL home page. Your home page may vary. p. 2.10 Fig. 2-7 Step 1 Internet Explorer icon Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Next
  • 28. The World Wide Web What is a home page? Starting page for a browser Provides information about the site’s purpose and content Some Web sites also refer to their starting page as a home page May be changed at any time p. 2.10 Next
  • 29. The World Wide Web What is downloading? p. 2.11 The process of receiving information, such as a Web page, onto your computer from a server on the Internet Can take from a few seconds to several minutes You can speed up the display of pages by turning off the graphics and displaying only text in most Web browsers Next
  • 30. The World Wide Web How do Web-enabled handheld computers and devices access the Web? Use a special type of browser designed for their small screens Microbrowser – software program that accesses and displays Web pages that contain mostly text Also called a minibrowser p. 2.11 Fig. 2-8 Microbrowser for a Web-enabled handheld computer Microbrowser for a Web-enabled cellular telephone Next
  • 31. The World Wide Web What is a hyperlink? Also called a link Built-in connection to another related Web page or part of a Web page Allows you to obtain information in a nonlinear way Click to view animation p. 2.12 Next
  • 32. The World Wide Web How can you identify a link? Link can be a word, phrase, or image Text links usually are underlined or in a color different from the rest of the document A graphical link may change its appearance when you point to it The shape of the pointer on the screen changes to a small hand with a pointing index finger when you position it on a link or point to the link Click the link to activate it p. 2.12 Next
  • 33. The World Wide Web How do you navigate a variety of links? p. 2.12 Fig. 2-9 pointer Some links display a different color when you point to them. Click the link to display its associated Web site or Web page. pointer Some links are underlined. Click the link to display the associated Web site or Web page. pointer Some links are graphical images. Click the link to display its associated Web site or Web page. Next
  • 34. The World Wide Web What is surfing the Web? Links can point to an item on the same Web page, a different Web page at the same Web site, or a separate Web page at a different Web site in another city or country The activity of jumping from one Web page to another is surfing p. 2.12 Next
  • 35. The World Wide Web What is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)? Unique address for a Web page Browser retrieves a Web page by using the URL Also called a Web address Type the URL into the address text box on the browser and press the Enter key to display a Web page p. 2.13 Fig. 2-10 http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html address text box Next
  • 36. The World Wide Web What are the parts of a URL? Click to view Web Link then click URLs p. 2.13 Fig. 2-10 protocol domain name path http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html Next
  • 37. The World Wide Web What is a Web server? A computer that delivers (serves) Web pages you request The same Web server can store multiple Web sites p. 2.13 Fig. 2-10 http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html Next
  • 38. The World Wide Web What is a search engine? A software program you can use to find Web sites, Web pages and Internet files Click to view video p. 2.14 Search text A word or phrase entered in the search engine’s text box Also called keywords Spider A program that reads pages on Web sites in order to find Web pages that contain the search text Also called a crawler or bot Next
  • 39. The World Wide Web What is a hit? Any Web page name that lists as the result of a search p. 2.14 Fig. 2-11 hit 363 hits Next
  • 40. The World Wide Web What are some widely used search engines? p. 2.15 Fig. 2-12 Next
  • 41. The World Wide Web What is a directory? An organized set of topics Used by a search engine to aid in locating Web sites Each major topic has related subtopics p. 2.15 Fig. 2-13 Next
  • 42. The World Wide Web What are the six basic types of Web pages? p. 2.16 advocacy Web page informational Web page business/marketing Web page news Web page personal Web page portal Web page Next
  • 43. The World Wide Web What is an advocacy Web page? Contains content that describes a cause, opinion,or idea Purpose is to convince the reader of the validity of the cause, opinion, or idea p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14a Next
  • 44. The World Wide Web What is a business/marketing Web page? Contains content that promotes or sells products or services Often allows you to purchase products or services online p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14b Next
  • 45. The World Wide Web What is an informational Web page? Contains factual information Many U.S. government sites provide information p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14c Next
  • 46. The World Wide Web What is a news Web page? Contains newsworthy material Stories and articles relating to current events, life, money, sports, and the weather p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14d Next
  • 47. The World Wide Web What is a portal Web page Often called a portal Offers a variety of Internet services from a single, convenient location p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14e Next
  • 48. The World Wide Web What services are often found on a portal? p. 2.17 maps stock quotes reference tools sports and weather search engine local , national, and worldwide news free personal Web pages e-mail instant messaging calendars shopping malls and auctions newsgroups or message boards chat rooms Next
  • 49. The World Wide Web What is a Web community? A Web site that joins a specific group of people with similar interests or relationships Usually offer special services to facilitate communication among members p. 2.17 newsgroup or message board e-mail online photo albums chat room Next
  • 50. The World Wide Web What is a wireless portal? A portal specifically designed for Web-enabled handheld computers and devices Attempts to provide all information a wireless user might require Services include search engines, news, stock quotes, weather, maps, e-mail, calendar, instant messaging, and shopping p. 2.17 Next
  • 51. Company on the Cutting Edge Yahoo! Co-founded by Jerry Yang and David Filo in 1994 Click to view Web Link then click Yahoo! Started as a series of lists to organize favorite Web sites Today more than 166 million visitors access 189 million pages daily p. 2.17 Next
  • 52. The World Wide Web What is a personal Web page? A Web page maintained by a private individual who normally is not associated with any organization Reasons: job hunting and sharing life experience with the world p. 2.17 Fig. 2-14f Next
  • 53. The World Wide Web What is multimedia? Any application that integrates text with other media elements Often used for Web pages to add appeal Multimedia Web pages often require more time to download because they contain large graphics and video or audio clips p. 2.18 virtual reality graphics audio animation video Next
  • 54. The World Wide Web What is a graphic? Also called a graphical image A digital representation of information such as a drawing, chart, or photograph First media used to enhance text-based Internet p. 2.18 Fig. 2-15 Next
  • 55. The World Wide Web What are the formats for graphics files on the Web? p. 2.18 Fig. 2-16 Next
  • 56. The World Wide Web Which two formats are most popular for the Web? p. 2.19 GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) Also uses compression techniques to reduce file size Works best for images with only a few distinct colors, such as line drawings, single-color borders, and simple cartoons JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) Graphical image that uses compression techniques to reduce the file size Smaller sizes result in faster downloading of Web page The more compressed the file, the smaller the file, but the lower the quality Next
  • 57. The World Wide Web What is a thumbnail? A small version of a larger graphical image Used because graphics files can be time consuming to display Usually click thumbnail to display the full-sized image p. 2.19 Fig. 2-17 Next
  • 58. The World Wide Web What is animation? The appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in rapid sequence Adds visual interest or draws attention to important information or links Animated GIF uses computer animation and graphics software to combine several images into a single GIF file p. 2.19 Next
  • 59. The World Wide Web What is a marquee? Text that animates by scrolling across the screen Pronounced mar-KEE * * * * * * * add * * * * add inte * * * * add interest * * * * add interest with * * * * add interest with anim * * * * add interest with animation * * * * add interest with animation * * * * * * * add interest with animation * * * * add interest with animation * * * * interest with animation * * * * rest with animation * * * * with animation * * * * animation * * * * tion * * * * * * * * p. 2.19 Next
  • 60. The World Wide Web What is audio? Music, speech, or any other sound Individual sound files that you download to your computer Click icon to hear audio clip. Press the Esc key to cancel. music speech other sound p. 2.20 Next
  • 61. The World Wide Web What is MP3? A popular technology that compresses audio Reduces an audio file to about one-tenth of its original size while preserving the original quality of the sound MP3 file are easily copied from the Web Controversy with respect to copyright infringement p. 2.20 Next
  • 62. The World Wide Web How can you play MP3 files? Most current operating systems contain a program called a player plays audio in MP3 files on your computer Portable audio devices called MP3 players play MP3 files stored on CD or miniature storage media Click to view Web Link then click MP3 p. 2.20 Fig. 2-18 plays music stored on CD plays music stored on clik! disk plays music stored on CD Next
  • 63. The World Wide Web What is streaming audio? Also called streaming sound Enables you to listen to the sound as it downloads Many radio and television stations use streaming audio to broadcast Two accepted standards Windows Media Player RealAudio – a component of RealPlayer Click to view Web Link then click Streaming Media p. 2.21 Fig. 2-19 Next
  • 64. The World Wide Web What is video? Consists of full-motion images that are played back at various speeds Most video also has accompanying audio video p. 2.22 Fig. 2-20 Next
  • 65. The World Wide Web What video formats are used on the Web? p. 2.22 MPEG standard (Moving Pictures Experts Group) Individual video files that you must download completely before you can play them on the computer Streaming video Allows you to view longer or live video images as they download to your computer Two widely used standards RealVideo – a component of RealPlayer Windows Media Player Next
  • 66. The World Wide Web What is a Web cam? Also called a cam A video camera whose output displays on a Web page Shows images that change regularly Web cam p. 2.22 Next
  • 67. The World Wide Web What is virtual reality (VR)? The use of computers to simulate a real or imaged environment that appears as a three-dimensional (3D) space VR world – a 3-D site that contains infinite space and depth Used for games as well as many practical applications p. 2.22 Fig. 2-21 Next
  • 68. The World Wide Web What is pull and push technology? p. 2.23 Fig. 2-22 Pull Obtaining information by requesting it from a site Relies on a client to request a Web page from a server Push Server automatically downloads content to your computer at regular intervals ticker tape pushed to desktop from Microsoft Investor Web site Next
  • 69. The World Wide Web What is Webcasting? Another name for push technology Delivers information at regular intervals without you having to request it Information can be viewed whether you are online or offline p. 2.23 ticker tape pushed to desktop from Microsoft Investor Web site Next
  • 70. Electronic Commerce What is electronic commerce? Also known as e-commerce A financial business transaction that occurs over an electronic network such as the Internet p. 2.24 Fig. 2-23 Next
  • 71. Electronic Commerce What are the three types of e-commerce? p. 2.25 Business to consumer (B-to-C or b2C) Sale of goods to the general public Consumer to consumer (C-to-C or C2C) One consumer sells directly to another Business to business (B-to-B or B2B) Businesses providing goods and services to other businesses Next
  • 72. Electronic Commerce What are some features of e-commerce? Electronic storefront The place where a customer visits an online business Shopping cart Allows the customer to collect purchases Online auction Site where you can bid on an item being sold by someone else Click to view Web Link then click E-Commerce p. 2.25 Next
  • 73. Technology Trailblazer Masayoshi Son Helped to bring Japan to the forefront of the digital age Founded Softbank Corporation in 1981 Click to view Web Link then click Masayoshi Son By 1995, Softbank controlled one-half of the personal computer software in Japan A leading member of Japan’s Prime Minister’s IT Strategy Council p. 2.25 Next
  • 74. Web Publishing The development and maintenance of Web pages What is Web Publishing? 1 Plan: Think about issues that could affect the design of the Web site. 2 Analyze and Design: Sketch a design of the Web page on paper. 3 Create: Create the Web site in a software package such as word processing. 4 Deploy: Copy (upload) the Web site from your hard disk to a Web server. 5 Maintain: Visit and revise your Web site regularly to be sure it is working and current. p. 2.26 Fig. 2-24 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Next
  • 75. Web Publishing What is needed for creating a Web page? Also called Web page authoring p. 2.26 Hardware Digital camera Scanner Sound card Microphone PC camera Software to prepare HTML HTML (hypertext markup language) A set of special codes that format a file for use as a Web page Created with either: Word processing package Web page authoring software Next
  • 76. Web Publishing What is a plug-in? An additional program that extends the capability of a browser Many plug-ins can be downloaded at no cost from the Web Click to view Web Link then click Plug-ins p. 2.28 Fig. 2-25 Next
  • 77. Web Publishing How do you deploy a Web site? Click to view Web Link then click Web Publishing p. 2.29 Upload, or copy, the site to the Web server Locate a Web server to store your site Provided by many ISPs and OSPs at no additional cost Provided by a Web hosting service for a monthly fee Next
  • 78. Web Publishing What else might be needed to create a Web site? Click to view Web Link then click Submission Services p. 2.29 Apply to an official registrar for a specific domain name Register site with search engines using a submission service A Web-based business that helps register your site Webmaster Individual responsible for maintaining a Web site and developing Web pages Next
  • 79. Other Internet Services What is e-mail? Electronic mail The transmission of messages and files via a computer network Use an e-mail program to work with messages Click to view Web Link then click E-mail p. 2.31 create receive store print send forward delete Next
  • 80. How do you send an e-mail message? Other Internet Services 1 Start an e-mail program and point to the New Mail Message button 2 Click the New Mail Message button to display the Message window 3 Enter the recipient’s e-mail address, the subject, and the message in the Message window 4 Click the Insert File button to attach a JPG file containing a picture to the message. Locate the file on your hard disk and click its name. An icon for the file displays. Click the Send button to send the message. 5 When Sally receives the e-mail message, she opens the JPG file to view the picture. p. 2.30 Fig. 2-26 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Next
  • 81. Other Internet Services What is an Internet e-mail address? A combination of a user name and a domain name that identifies a user so he or she can receive Internet e-mail p. 2.31 Fig. 2-27 user name or user-ID A unique combination of characters that identifies you at domain name Identifies the mail server Next
  • 82. Other Internet Services How can you get e-mail? Most ISPs and OSPs provide an Internet e-mail program and a mailbox on a mail server as a standard part of their Internet access services Some Web sites provide e-mail services free of charge p. 2.33 mail server The server that contains the mailboxes address book Allows you to store a list of names and e-mail addresses mailbox Storage location usually residing on the computer that connects you to the Internet Next
  • 83. Other Internet Services What is a POP server? Post office protocol server When a message arrives at the recipient’s mail server, the message transfers to a POP or POP3 server POP server holds an e-mail message until the recipient retrieves it with his or her e-mail software POP3 is the newest version p. 2.32 Next
  • 84. Other Internet Services How does an e-mail message travel? 1 Using e-mail software, you create and send a message. 2 Your software contacts software on your service provider’s mail server. 3 Software on the mail server determines the best route for the data and sends the message, which travels along Internet routers to the recipient’s mail server. 4 The mail server transfers the message to a POP3 server. 5 When the recipient uses e-mail software to check for e-mail messages, the message transfers from the POP3 server to the recipient’s computer. p. 2.32 Fig. 2-28 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 mail server Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Internet routers mail server mail server Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Internet routers mail server mail server POP server Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Internet routers mail server mail server POP server Next
  • 85. Other Internet Services What is FTP? File Transfer Protocol An Internet standard that allows you to upload and download files with other computers on the Internet p. 2.33 Fig. 2-29 file download window Next
  • 86. Other Internet Services What are some FTP terms? p. 2.33 FTP server A computer that allows users to upload and download files using FTP FTP site A collection of files that reside on an FTP server anonymous FTP Anyone can transfer some, if not all, available files Next
  • 87. Other Internet Services What is a newsgroup? An online area in which users conduct written discussions about a particular subject A user sends a message to the newsgroup Other users in the newsgroup read and reply to the message p. 2.33 Usenet The entire collection of Internet newsgroups news server A computer that stores and distributes newsgroup messages Next
  • 88. Other Internet Services What is a newsreader? A program that enables you to access a newsgroup p. 2.33 article A previously entered message post Add an article to a news group thread Also called threaded discussion The original article and all subsequent related replies Next
  • 89. Other Internet Services What is a message board? A type of discussion group that does not require a newsreader Click to view Web Link then click Newsgroups and Message Boards Also called a discussion board p. 2.34 Fig. 2-30 Next
  • 90. Other Internet Services What is a mailing list? A group of e-mail names and addresses given to a single name When a message is sent to a mailing list, every person on the list receives a copy of the message Subscribe or unsubscribe to mailing list to add or remove your name from the mailing list Some are known as LISTSERVs p. 2.34 Fig. 2-31 Next
  • 91. Other Internet Services What is a chat? A real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer Real-time means that you and the people with whom you are conversing are online at the same time A chat room is a location on an Internet server that permits users to chat Click to view Web Link then click Chat Rooms A chat client is a program on your computer that allows you to chat p. 2.35 Fig. 2-32 Next
  • 92. Technology Trailblazer Lavonne Luquis Journalist Started LatinoLink, the first general interest Web magazine for Latinos Now known as Latino.com More that 280,000 visitors each month Click to view Web Link then click Lavonne Luquis p. 2.35 Next
  • 93. Other Internet Services What is instant messaging (IM)? A real-time Internet communications service Notifies you when one or more people are online Allows you to exchange messages or files or join a private chat with them Click to view Web Link then click Instant Messaging p. 2.36 Fig. 2-33 message sent from Karen to Katy Karen’s message immediately displays on Katy’s computer screen because she is online Katy’s response to Karen Next
  • 94. Other Internet Services What is netiquette? Internet etiquette Code of acceptable behaviors users should follow while on the Internet Netiquette Golden Rule: Treat others as you would like them to treat you . Use emoticons to express emotion : ) Smile : ( Frown : l Indifference :\ Undecided :o Surprised Use abbreviations for phrases such as BTW by the way FYI for your information FWIW for what it’s worth IMHO in my humble opinion TTFN ta ta for now TYVM thank you very much 2. Read the FAQ (frequently asked questions) 3. Use your user name for your personal use only 4. Do not assume material is accurate or up to date 5. Never read someone’s private e-mail Avoid sending or posting flames, which are abusive or insulting messages Do not participate in flame wars, which are exchanges of flames 1. In e-mail, newsgroups, and chat rooms: Keep messages brief Use proper spelling and grammar Be polite Avoid offensive language Do not use all capital letters which is the equivalent of SHOUTING! Clearly identify a spoiler: a message that reveals a solution to a game or ending to a movie or program Avoid sending spam, or an unsolicited message sent to many recipients at once. Considered Internet junk mail. Click to view video p. 2.37 Fig. 2-34 Next
  • 95. Summary of the Internet and World Wide Web The Internet History of the Internet How the Internet works The World Wide Web Electronic commerce Web publishing Other Internet services Netiquette Next