Introduction to electricity 2
- 1. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| INTRODUCION to Ignacio Anguera de Sojo
- 2. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com|
- 3. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electrical energy Energy: is the ability to do work, where work is done when a force moves an object. Electrical energy: is energy that's stored in charged particles within an electric field. Electric current Voltage Resistance electric current and electrical energy
- 4. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| 1.- Electric Current When you hear the word 'current,' what does it make you think of? electric current and electrical energy
- 5. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| When you hear the word 'current,' what does it make you think of? electric current and electrical energy Perhaps water flowing down a river? 1.- Electric Current
- 6. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| When you hear the word 'current,' what does it make you think of? electric current and electrical energy A river current is the flow of water molecules 1.- Electric Current
- 7. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| When you hear the word 'current,' what does it make you think of? electric current and electrical energy Electrical current instead of water molecules moving down a river, we have charged particles move down a conductor. 1.- Electric Current
- 8. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electric Current: is the flow of charged particles through a conducting medium, such as a wire. electric current and electrical energy1.- Electric Current
- 9. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electric Current: How it works? electric current and electrical energy Atoms in a conducting material have lots of free electrons that float around from atom to atom and everywhere in between. 1.- Electric Current
- 10. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electric Current: How it works? electric current and electrical energy Atoms in a conducting material have lots of free electrons that float around from atom to atom and everywhere in between. The motion of these electrons is random, so there is no flow in any given direction. 1.- Electric Current
- 11. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electric Current: How it works? electric current and electrical energy Atoms in a conducting material have lots of free electrons that float around from atom to atom and everywhere in between. The motion of these electrons is random, so there is no flow in any given direction. 1.- Electric Current
- 12. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electric Current: How it works? electric current and electrical energy When we apply a voltage to the conductor, all free electrons move in the same direction, creating a current !!!!!! 1.- Electric Current
- 13. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electric Current: A curious thing…. electric current and electrical energy While the electrical energy transfers at nearly the speed of light, the electrons need 1 hour to move 1 meter!!! 1.- Electric Current
- 14. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electric Current: Two types Direct Current (DC): electrons move in one direction electric current and electrical energy1.- Electric Current
- 15. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electric Current: Two types Direct Current (DC): electrons move in one direction electric current and electrical energy Batteries create a direct current because the electrons always flow from the 'negative' side to the 'positive' side. 1.- Electric Current
- 16. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electric Current: Two types Direct Current (DC): electrons move in one direction Alternating Current (AC): pushes the electrons back and forth, changing the direction of the flow several times per second. electric current and electrical energy1.- Electric Current
- 17. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electric Current: Two types Direct Current (DC): electrons move in one direction Alternating Current (AC): pushes the electrons back and forth, changing the direction of the flow several times per second. electric current and electrical energy1.- Electric Current
- 18. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Electric Current: Two types Direct Current (DC): electrons move in one direction Alternating Current (AC): pushes the electrons back and forth, changing the direction of the flow several times per second. electric current and electrical energy You've probably never noticed the lights in your house actually flicker as the current changes direction because it happens too fast for our eyes to detect!!! 1.- Electric Current
- 19. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Why do we need two types of current, and which one is better? electric current and electrical energy1.- Electric Current
- 20. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Why do we need two types of current, and which one is better? electric current and electrical energy1.- Electric Current
- 21. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Why do we need two types of current, and which one is better? electric current and electrical energy1.- Electric Current
- 22. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| 2.- Voltage Voltage: Potential energy between two points. electric current and electrical energy
- 23. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Voltage: Potential energy between two points. electric current and electrical energy Voltage pushes electrons through a circuit. 2.- Voltage
- 24. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Voltage: Potential energy between two points. electric current and electrical energy If you rode your bike to the top of the, the higher you move up, the more potential energy the bike will contain. 2.- Voltage
- 25. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Voltage: Potential energy between two points. electric current and electrical energy In a battery, the higher differences of charges you have, the more potential energy the battery will contain. 2.- Voltage
- 26. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| 2.- Voltage Electric Current: electrons at a higher voltage will light a light bulb more brightly or spin a motor faster than will electrons at a lower voltage. electric current and electrical energy
- 27. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Resistance: the opposition presented to the current by a material or device (Ohms, Ω) electric current and electrical energy3.- Resistance
- 28. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Resistance : Is affected by many factors: electric current and electrical energy3.- Resistance Material Thickness Length Tª
- 29. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Resistance : Is affected by many factors: electric current and electrical energy3.- Resistance Any change that causes the electrons to have more collisions with the atoms will increase the resistance of the object. Material Thickness Length Tª
- 30. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Generating electrical energy: cells electric current and electrical energy Electrochemical cell is something that changes chemical energy to electrical energy.
- 31. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Generating electrical energy: cells electric current and electrical energy Electrochemistry converts chemically stored energy directly into electrical work: no moving parts, no steam engines, turbines etc. Electrochemical cell is something that changes chemical energy to electrical energy.
- 32. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Generating electrical energy: cells electric current and electrical energy Parts of the cell: It contains two compartments, each with an electrode submerged in an electrolyte. •Electrode: a conductor that connects to a nonmetallic part of a circuit (electrolyte). One positive (cathode) and one negative (anode). •Electrolyte: fluid that conducts electricity.
- 33. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Generating electrical energy: cells electric current and electrical energy Anode: electrode at which electrons leave the cell and oxidation occurs Cathode: electrode at which electrons enter the cell and reduction occurs.
- 34. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Generating electrical energy: cells electric current and electrical energy Anode: electrode at which electrons leave the cell and oxidation occurs Cathode: electrode at which electrons enter the cell and reduction occurs. Reduction: occurs when an element gains electrons: (Cu2+(aq) + 2 e- è Cuo(s)) Oxidation occurs when an element loses electron: (Zno(s) - 2 e- è Zn2+(aq))
- 35. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Resistance : Is affected by many factors: electrical calculations 3.- Resistance Any change that causes the electrons to have more collisions with the atoms will increase the resistance of the object. Material Thickness Length Tª
- 36. P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York, NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Generating electrical energy: cells electric current and electrical energy