Introduction to ER - Part 4 - Norway - ppt
- 1. Introduction to nature restoration Part 4 Example projects we can learn from Conclusion Astrid B. Skrindo Astrid.Skrindo@nina.no Date: Autumn 2024
- 3. BRAIN PRO 3 Responsible: Forsvarsbygg Photos/presentation from Dagmar Hagen, NINA, who has led the nature restoration. Parliamentary decision 1999: "a significant nature conservation benefit" "future protection" "return to civilian use" "restored to as near an original state of nature as possible" •The restoration goal: •"restored to as near an original state of nature as possible" Hjerkinn shooting range 1923-2020
- 4. From battlefield to national park Hjerkinn PRO 2003 - 2020 limit risk monitoring 60 kilometres of roads Military facilities >100 buildings/bridges INPUT 165 square kilometres 1000 - 1700 m oh. 100 years of military activity NOK 580 million (400 + 180) Explosive ordnance disposal Pollution 15,000 soldiers Nature restoration
- 6. 6 Five principles for nature restoration in Hjerkinn PRO
- 7. Aftercare, monitoring and evaluation are essential for assessing the achievement of goals... Source: August 2024 7 Photo: AB Skrindo
- 8. SVEA - remediation and restoration after mining 8 Responsible: Store Norske Photos/presentation from Dagmar Hagen, NINA, who has led the nature restoration. Parliamentary decision 2015: 100 years of mining Modern society (airport, harbour, settlement) Svalbard Environmental Act NOK 2.1 billion, 2015-2024 •The restoration goal: •Return to natural state
- 9. Svea / Svalbard - clean-up and restoration after mining (2015 - 2024)
- 10. Hagen, D. & Erikstad, L. 2023. Insights in Mining Science Technology, 4 (2). https://DOI:10. 19080/IMST.2023.04.555634 Erikstad, L., Hagen, D. & Simensen, T. 2023. Geoheritage 15:87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371- 023-00855-4 Done!
- 11. Lågen - opportunities for heterogeneous and dynamic river environments 11 NINA v/Jon Museth -knowledge base •The restoration goal: •Heterogeneous and dynamic river environments
- 12. We need to preserve and restore processes that create heterogeneous and dynamic river environments Check: https: //blogg.forskning.no/blogg- ferskvannsbloggen All photos: J. Museth
- 13. Mandal River 13 NINA v/ Torbjørn Forseth •The restoration goal: •Environmental design: Coexistence between salmon and hydropower
- 14. Mandal River Mandal River (arcgis.com) Acid precipitation, power development, thresholds, lateral interventions artificial weir Photo: NINA Photo: NINA Photo: NINA Photo: NINA
- 15. Bitdalen dam, quarry 15 Responsible: Statkraft •The restoration goal: •As close to nature as possible by reinstating a quarry that was originally a colle... Bitdalen, Rauland, Telemark
- 16. Bit Valley
- 17. Quarries and temporary storage
- 18. Reversal 2008
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- 23. active measures aimed at improving the state of ecosystems that have been disturbed or destroyed and with the intention of improving nature's ability to produce ecosystem services (IPBES 2018) Photo: T.Forset/NINA Photo: A.Staverløkk/NINA Measures to secure an ecosystem service (at the expense of biodiversity) Passive restoration Nature restoration Photo: AB. Skrindo Photo: D.Hagen Photo: D.Hagen Photo: D.Hagen Photo: D.Hagen Photo: D.Hagen
- 24. Nature restoration is a process 24 NOW! Baseline/ Starting point. Map, describe how the area/ the area is now. AFTER! Evaluate the aftermath. This often needs to be done several times over a longer period. BEFORE! Is there knowledge about BEFORE the disturbance/interventi on. If so: Map this and use as a REFERENCE SYSTEM. TAKE ACTION! What restoration measures are possible? Select and initiate restoration measures! Befor e? Reach Measu res After GOAL! Formulating concrete goals is the key to success!
- 25. The goal depends on the starting point, the measures and the ecological conditions 25 Exampl e: Remov al of road Remove the asphalt Remove the asphalt, take further restoration measures
- 26. Collaboration is key 26 Society's framework conditions Practical knowledge and experience Ecology This varies greatly from project to project, we won't go into it in depth here, but REMEMBER it's important! You know this better than I do and we'll come back to it in practical courses! Knowledge of ecology makes nature restoration different from other construction work, so everyone needs a little refresher and/or new knowledge.
- 27. Thank you for your attention! 27 For more information: www.teamup2restore.eu TEAM#UP is an Erasmus+ project co-funded by the European Union under Grant Agreement N°101103653. Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can be held responsible for them. This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0
Editor's Notes
- #4: HjerkinnPRO - Norwegian Defence Estates. NINA has been a consultant on nature restoration + conducted its own research
- #6: Another approach that has been important for the nature restoration part of the project is the five principles. These are reviewed in a lecture earlier today. In this presentation, we would like to use the 5 principles as a structure when we go through how we have carried out the restoration of the various interventions. Remember - when we started at Hjerkinn, there was very little knowledge about nature restoration in the mountains - in Norway and internationally. Something from Iceland and North America we could build on. Started at Hjerkinn in 1990 with co-operation on environmental measures in operational shooting ranges to reduce negative effects on vegetation.
- #9: Much of the Hjerkinn experience has been ploughed into the new "Norway's largest..." Ongoing "as we speak"
- #10: During 5 years the project was completed, and actually all 8 SER standards can be ticked off!!! A highly interesting project because we can show what was on place for this to happen - in real life. Clear political will and money on the table Legal commitments Use experts and establish a systematic plan for cooperation between actors (including authorities) Svea-project is an empirical documentation of what is needed to reach a crazy ambiguous restoration goal
- #12: Gold bristles and roach
- #14: The salmon need to get up - they need to be able to spawn - find food and shelter - and get back down again: The measures can, for example, be physical measures in the riverbed and/or smarter water use on the part of the power plant. Spawning gravel/bottom conditions Removal of thresholds Guide fence for salmon to get past the turbines on their way down the river
- #23: Remember - nature-based solutions The International Panel on Biological Diversity (IPBES) definition - which captures the breadth. Active measures ..... The common thread: the measures must work in harmony with nature arrow to illustrate that there is a span - transitions - and something that is outside... The classic ones - restoring processes, species, habitats Improve the condition of environments that cannot become "pristine" - such as measures in cities, measures in regulated rivers Avoid unnecessary interventions in construction projects (innafor). DO NOT legitimise new interventions - then it is "greenwashing" Rewilding - in a way, restoration (when it involves active measures, e.g. release of Norwegian sea eagles in Ireland) Passive restoration - letting nature take its time (e.g. restoration of natural forests is the easiest and best). - cf ACTIVE vs PASSIVE (play together) 6. Only focus on ecosystem service - (threatening BM is not nature restoration - (ex planting of spruce and capturing carbon, flood-proofing and destroying nature in watercourses.