Introduction to political concepts_paper-I
- 1. Political Science Paper Title- INTRODUCTION OF POLITICAL CONCEPTS-I B.A. FIRST YEAR SEMESTER-I Prof. Sumit Patil
- 2. UNIT 1 - State 1.1 Meaning and Definition 1.2 Elements of the State 1.3 Theories of the Origin of the State Evolutionary Theory Social Contract Theory Marxist Theory
- 3. 1.1 Meaning and Definition of State •State: A political entity with a centralized government that maintains a monopoly on the legitimate use of force within a certain geographical territory. •Definition: •Max Weber: "A state is a human community that (successfully) claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory.“ other definitions by various political scientists and philosophers.
- 4. 1.2 Elements of the State. Population: Definition: The group of people residing within the state's territory. Importance: Determines the state's workforce, military potential, and political influence. Territory: Definition: The geographical area under the jurisdiction of the state. Importance: Includes land, water, and airspace; essential for sovereignty.
- 5. 1.2 Elements of the State. •Government: •Definition: The organization or system that holds the authority to make and enforce laws. •Importance: Ensures order, provides services, and protects citizens. Sovereignty: Definition: The supreme power or authority of the state to govern itself and make its own laws. Importance: Distinguishes the state from other political entities and ensures independence.
- 6. 1.3 Theories of the Origin of the State I) Evolutionary Theory: Definition: Suggests that the state evolved naturally out of early social structures. Key Points: Development from family units to clans, tribes, and finally states. Emphasizes gradual development through social cooperation and organization. Proponents: Aristotle, Herbert Spencer.
- 7. 1.3 Theories of the Origin of the State. II) Social Contract Theory: •Key Points: •Definition: Proposes that the state arose from a voluntary agreement among individuals. •Individuals surrendered some freedoms in exchange for security and order. •Focus on the consent of the governed as the basis for state legitimacy. •Proponents: Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- 8. 1.3 Theories of the Origin of the State. •Definition: Argues that the state is a product of class struggles and economic conditions. •Key Points: •The state serves the interests of the ruling class and perpetuates inequality. •Predicts the eventual withering away of the state in a classless society. •Proponents: Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels.