Ioe module 1
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The document provides an overview of the Internet of Everything (IoE). It discusses the history and key concepts of IoE, including its four pillars of people, processes, data, and things. Examples are given of how IoE is being applied across different industries through integrating sensors and connected devices to optimize processes and improve services.
Ioe module 1
- 1. MODULE 1:INTRODUCTION CO1:APPLY THE CONCEPTS OF IOT.
- 2. Outline Introduction Features of IoE Pillars of IoE Internet of Things and Internet of Everything Similarities between IoT & IoE Application of IoE Concluding remarks
- 3. HISTORY OF IOT The phrase ‘Internet of Things’ was coined by Kevin Ashton back in 1999. However, the true Internet of Things history began with the invention of the Internet in the late 1960s. Since the 1960s, we have seen numerous inventions happen leading up to the 27 billion devices we now have connected to the IoT today. In the early 1980s, we witnessed the invention of a Coca-Cola vending machine report on its contents through a network. While the 21st Century saw major developments paving the way for the future of IoT.
- 4. HISTORY OF IOT The Internet of Things (IoT) has not been around that long. It was only in 1999 that the term ‘internet of things’ was coined by Kevin Ashton. Ashton used the phrase as the title of his presentation for a new sensor project he was working on and it stuck from there. While the phrase came about in 1999, the concept of connected devices dates back to 1832. When the first electromagnetic telegraph was designed, allowing direct communication between two machines through the transfer of electrical signals. However, the true Internet of Things history began with the invention of the Internet in the late 1960s.
- 5. THE WORLD’S FIRST IOT DEVICE The world’s first IoT device was invented in the early 1980s at the Carnegie Melon University. A group of students from the university created a way to get their campus Coca-Cola vending machine to report on its contents through a network in order to save them the trek if the machine was out of Coke. They installed micro-switches into the machine to report on how many Coke cans were available and if they were cold.
- 6. THE 1990S In 1990, John Romkey connected a toaster to the internet for the first time. A year later, a group of students at the University of Cambridge used a web camera to report on coffee. They came up with the idea to use the first web camera prototype to monitor the amount of coffee available in their computer labs coffee pot. They did this by programming the web camera to take photos three times a minute of the coffee pot. The photos were then sent to local computers so everyone could see if there was coffee available.
- 7. CURRENT SCENARIO The Internet of Things was a common topic used by the media at the beginning of the 21st Century with several major developments paving the way for the future of IoT. LG Electronics introduced the world’s first refrigerator connected to the internet in 2000. Allowing consumers to do their food shopping online and make video calls. This invention was followed by a small rabbit-shaped robot in 2005 that could report the latest news, weather forecasts and stock market changes. While the first International Conference on Internet of Things was held in 2008 in Switzerland. Today there are more than 27 billion devices connected to the Internet of Things, with experts expecting this number to rise to over 100 billion devices by 2030.
- 8. WHAT IS THE INTERNET OF THINGS? The Internet of Things, commonly known as IoT or the Internet of Everything (IoE), is a network of physical objects that are connected and exchange data with other devices and systems over the internet. There are more than 27 billion devices connected to the Internet of Things. With experts expecting this number to rise to over 100 billion devices by 2030.
- 9. HOW DOES IT WORK? The IoT consists of sensors and devices collecting data from their surroundings. This data is then sent to the cloud by means of Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LPWAN, satellite, or being connected directly to the internet via ethernet. When the data reaches the cloud, it is then processed by software programs. The information is then made available to the consumer in a user-friendly way. This information is communicated to the user to either check on the system or take action and affect the system. For example, a consumer would typically experience IoT in their smart home whether they have smart speakers, thermostats or refrigerators. One of the most impressive IoT devices is probably the smart refrigerators. They record data from the contents of the fridge and will alert the consumer when they need to go shopping to replenish. The smart refrigerator even has the capability to place an order with your local supermarket to be delivered. The sensors in our smart home appliances allow us to have a better understanding of how our homes operate. Tweaking those settings and predefined rules could help save energy – cutting heating costs. Smart home appliances also connect elderly people who live independently to their family and carers to communicate and monitor how they are getting on.
- 10. INTRODUCTION IoE is the intelligent connection of people, process, data and things. It describes a world where billions of objects have sensors to detect measure and assess their status; all connected over public or private networks using standard and proprietary protocols. It is based on the idea that in the future, internet connections will not be restricted to laptop or desktop computers. The Internet of Everything is the connections between people, things, data and processes combined into a common interrelated system, the aim of which is to improve experiences and make smarter decisions.
- 11. INTRODUCTION The IoE philosophy depicts the world in which billions of sensors are implanted into billions of devices, machines and ordinary objects, giving them expanded networking opportunities, thus making them smarter. A concept that extends the Internet of Things (IoT) emphasis on machine-to-machine (M2M) communications to describe a more complex system that also encompasses people and processes.
- 12. OVERVIEW OF IOE
- 13. FEATURES OF IOE Decentralization and moving to the edge — data is processed not in a single center, but in numerous distributed nodes Data input and output — external data can be put into devices and given back to other components of the network Relation to every technology in the process of digital transformation — cloud computing, fog computing, AI, ML, IoT, Big Data, etc.
- 14. FOUR PILLARS OF IOE “Internet of Everything” has four important pillars: People Process Data Things IoE incorporates these four pillars to make networked connections more relevant and valuable than ever before. The information from these connections leads to decisions and actions that create new capabilities, richer experiences, and unprecedented economic opportunity
- 15. FOUR PILLARS OF IOE
- 16. FOUR PILLARS OF IOE - PEOPLE Connecting people in more relevant, valuable ways. People provide their personal insights via websites, applications or connected devices they use (such as social networks, healthcare sensors and fitness trackers); AI algorithms and other smart technologies analyze this data to “understand” human issues and deliver relevant content according to their personal or business needs that helps them quickly solve issues or make decisions.
- 17. FOUR PILLARS OF IOE - DATA Converting data into intelligence to make better decisions. The raw data generated by devices has no value. But once it is summarized, classified and analyzed, it turns into priceless information that can control various systems and empower intelligent solutions.
- 18. FOUR PILLARS OF IOE - PROCESS Delivering the right information to the right person (or machine) at the right time. Different processes based on artificial intelligence, machine learning, social networks or other technologies ensure that the right information is sent to the right person at the right time. The goal of processes is to guarantee the best possible usage of Big Data.
- 19. FOUR PILLARS OF IOE - THINGS Physical devices and objects connected to the Internet and each other for intelligent decision making; often called Internet of Things (IoT). Various physical items embedded with sensors and actuators generate data on their status and send it to the needed destination across the network.
- 20. INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) AND INTERNET OF EVERYTHING (IOE) The core difference between IoE and IoT is the number of pillars for these concepts: IoT focuses on physical objects only where as IoE encompasses four components (things, processes, data and people) The IoT, in essence, is the interconnectivity of physical objects that send and receive data, where as IoE is a wider term that includes, apart from IoT, numerous technologies and people as the end- nodes.
- 21. INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) AND INTERNET OF EVERYTHING (IOE)
- 22. SIMILARITIES BETWEEN IOT & IOE Decentralization — both systems are distributed and don’t have a single center; each node works as a small management center and is able to perform certain tasks independently. Security issues — distributed systems are still highly vulnerable to penetration and cyber attacks; the more devices are connected to the network, the higher the susceptibility to breaches. On the one hand, decentralization is one of the IoE and IoT advantages, since the whole system doesn’t fail even if there are problems in a couple of nodes. On the other has, such a distribution causes disadvantages in the form of threats for data security and personal privacy.
- 23. APPLICATIONS OF IOE Practically every industry can apply the Internet of Everything model into its processes and benefit from it. Here are some general examples: Municipality systems can implement smart water and electricity meters for residents and commercial organizations in order to monitor usage rates and make decisions concerning economy and cutting costs. The manufacturing industry can implement sensors for predictive maintenance into production to monitor equipment parts that need to be fixed or replaced. This helps eliminate downtime and reduce the fixing costs. Logistics and delivery companies can introduce sensors and smart devices on trucks to optimize delivery conditions and possible routing. Eventually, companies can improve end-user satisfaction.
- 24. Concluding remarks Overall, digitalization facilitates the creation of millions of intelligent and automated hardware pieces. The range of IoE appliances is growing, and industries are inevitably changing. We are definitely going to see the future of ubiquitous connectivity. It will not dramatically change the way we do business, but it will help us provide better services and create better products.