IoT Architecture Layers of IoT and Role of Edge Devices and Gateways.pptx
- 1. IoT Architecture • Layers of IoT: Perception, Network, and Application layers. • Role of edge devices and gateways. Prepared by: Daisy Lou S. Montante
- 2. The Internet of Things (IoT) is structured into multiple layers that work together to collect, transmit, and process data. The architecture generally consists of three main layers.
- 3. Layers of IoT Architecture 1. Perception Layer (Sensing Layer) Function: Responsible for sensing and collecting data from the physical world. Components: • Sensors • Actuators • Smart devices Example: A smart thermostat collects temperature data from a room.
- 5. Layers of IoT Architecture 2. Network Layer (Transmission Layer) Function: Transmits data from the perception layer to cloud servers or processing centers. Components: 1. Communication Protocols: • Short-range: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, RFID • Long-range: LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, 5G 2. Edge Computing Devices: Routers, gateways, edge servers 3. Cloud Services Example: A smart home security camera sends live video feeds via Wi-Fi to a cloud service.
- 6. Smart Home Security Camera
- 7. Layers of IoT Architecture 3. Application Layer (User Interface Layer) Function: Provides an interface for users to interact with IoT devices and processed data. Components: • Mobile apps • Web dashboards (e.g., IoT cloud monitoring platforms) • AI/ML for predictive analytics Example: A smart home app allows users to control lights and air conditioning remotely.
- 9. Role of Edge Devices and Gateways What Are Edge Devices? Edge devices are smart hardware components that collect, process, and analyze IoT data near the source before sending it to cloud servers or other systems. These devices reduce dependency on centralized cloud computing and enable faster decision-making.
- 10. Role of Edge Devices and Gateways Key Functions of Edge Devices • Data Collection & Preprocessing • Local Data Processing & AI Inference • Low-Latency Response • Bandwidth Optimization • Security & Privacy
- 11. Role of Edge Devices and Gateways Real-World Applications of Edge Devices Manufacturing: In predictive maintenance, edge sensors on machines analyze vibration and temperature to predict failures before they happen, reducing downtime. Healthcare: Wearable devices process health data locally and send alerts for abnormal heart rates without cloud delays. Smart Cities: Edge devices in traffic systems adjust traffic signals dynamically based on real-time congestion levels.
- 12. Role of Edge Devices and Gateways What Are IoT Gateways? IoT gateways are intermediate devices that connect IoT sensors and edge devices to cloud platforms or enterprise systems. They play a critical role in aggregating, filtering, securing, and translating data.
- 13. Role of Edge Devices and Gateways Key Functions of IoT Gateways • Data Aggregation • Protocol Translation • Edge Processing & AI Computation • Security & Encryption • Connectivity Management
- 14. Role of Edge Devices and Gateways Real-World Applications of IoT Gateways Smart Agriculture: IoT gateways collect soil moisture, temperature, and humidity data from remote farm sensors and send it to cloud dashboards for analysis. Smart Retail: IoT gateways in supermarkets track inventory in real time and send automated alerts for restocking. Smart Healthcare: IoT gateways in hospitals connect patient monitoring devices (ECG, oxygen sensors) to a secure cloud database for doctors to review.
- 15. Role of Edge Devices and Gateways Edge Devices vs. IoT Gateways: Key Differences Features Edge Devices IoT Gateways Function Collects and processes data at the source Connects edge devices to cloud Data Processing Local processing, AI inference Basic processing and filtering Security Role Encrypts local data, adds privacy layers Acts as a security firewall Connectivity Uses Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, etc. Converts between different protocols Example Smart camera recognizing faces Smart hub connecting Zigbee lights to Wi-Fi
- 16. Conclusion In conclusion, IoT architecture, comprising the Perception, Network, and Application layers, forms the backbone of connected systems, with edge devices and gateways playing a vital role in ensuring efficiency and functionality. These components enable seamless data flow, real-time processing, and secure communication, driving the potential of IoT across various applications. This report underscores their importance in shaping the future of smart technology. As IoT continues to evolve, these components will remain essential in addressing challenges related to scalability, security, and performance, paving the way for innovative applications across industries.
- 17. That’s all. Thank you. Do you have any questions?