iot module 1 ppt.pptx
- 1. Internet of Things and Applications Semester : VI Course Code : UECTCC6002 Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P) : 3:1:0 Credits : 03 Internal Assessment : 30 End Sem. Exam : 45 Exam Duration (Hours) : 2.5 UNIT-I Introduction to Internet of Things: Definition IoT, History of IoT, Basic Architecture and working of IoT. Chellanges, Applications, Current Status and Future Prospect of IoT. Sensing, Actuation, Basics of Networking, Communication protocols, Sensor networks, Machine-tomachine (M2M) Communications. RBT Levels: L1, L2, L3. UNIT-II Introduction to Arduino Programming: Integration of Sensors and Actuators with Arduino. Introduction to Raspberry Pi: Implementation of IoT with Raspberry Pi. Introduction to SDN: SDN for IoT, Data Handling and Analytics, Cloud Computing, Sensor-Cloud, Fog Computing, Smart Cities and Smart Homes, Connected Vehicles, Smart Grid, Industrial IoT, Case Study: Agriculture, Healthcare, Activity Monitoring. RBT Levels: L1, L2, L3,L4. UNIT-III IoT System Design: Power supply, Processor, Memory Sensor Interface, Wireless Interface- LAN, BLE, Wi-Fi, RFID, LP WA- LORA, LTE-M, Sigfox, NB-IoT, Power Supply DesignLDOs, Swithing regulators-BuckBoost. Energy Measurments, Energy Harvesting and Battery Life Calculation-PV, RF, Kinetic Energy, TEGs aeroelastic. Flutter, Harvesting Iss in silicon RBT Levels: L1, L2, L3,L4. UNIT-IV Protocols- IoT MAC, REST Based COAP, Publish subscribe- MQTT, AMQP, MDNS, Building of IoT System- Case Studies-Joule, Jotter, chhaya.
- 2. Introduction to IoT Internet technology connecting devices, machines and tools to the internet by means of wireless technologies. Over 9 billion ‘Things’ connected to the Internet, as of now. ‘Things’ connected to the Internet are projected to cross 20 billion in the near future. Unification of technologies such as low- power embedded systems, cloud computing, big-data, machine learning, and networking
- 3. Origin of Terminology • In the 2000s, we are heading into a new era of ubiquity, where the “users” of the Internet will be counted in billions and where humans may become the minority as generators and receivers of traffic. Instead, most of the traffic will flow between devices and all kinds of “things”, thereby creating a much wider and more complex Internet of Things.
- 4. Conti … The title of the report was “Internet of Things” Discussed the possibility of internet connected M2M connectivity • networks, extending to common household devices. Some areas identified as IoT enablers: RFID, Nanotechnolog y, Sensors, Smart Networks.
- 5. Alternate Definition • The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical objects that contain embedded technology to communicate and sense or interact with their internal states or the external environment.
- 6. Characteristi cs Efficient, scalable and associated architecture Unambiguous naming and addressing Abundance of sleeping nodes, mobile and non-IP devices Intermittent connectivity
- 7. Conti… Business/Manufacturi ng • Real-time analytics of supply chains and equipment, robotic machinery. Healthcar e • Portable health monitoring, electronic recordkeeping, pharmaceutical safeguards. Retai l • Inventory tracking, smartphone purchasing, anonymous analytics of consumer choices. Security Biometric and facial recognition locks, remote sensors.
- 8. Conti… AT M • These ubiquitous money dispensers went online for the first time way back in 1974. WE B • World Wide Web made its debut in 1991 to revolutionize computing and communications. SMART METERS • The first power meters to communicate remotely with the grid were installed in the early 2000s. DIGITAL LOCKS Smartphones can be used to lock and unlock doors remotely, and business owners can change key codes rapidly to grant or restrict access to employees and guests.
- 9. Conti.. SMART HEALTHCARE Devices connect to hospitals, doctors and relatives to alert them of medical emergencies and take preventive measures. SMART VEHICLES Vehicles self-diagnose themselves and alert owners about system failures. SMART CITIES City-wide infrastructure communicating amongst themselves for unified and synchronized operations and information dissemination. SMART DUST Computers smaller than a grain of sand can be sprayed or injected almost anywhere to measure chemicals in the soil or to diagnose problems in the human body.
- 10. Modern Day IoT Applications Smart Parking Structural health Noise Urban Maps Smartphone Detection Traffic Congestion Smart Lighting Waste Management Smart Roads River Floods Smart Grid Tank level Photovoltaic Installations Water Flow Silos Stock Calculation Perimeter Access Control
- 11. Modern Day IoT Applications Forest Fire Detection Air Pollution Snow Level Monitoring Landslide and Avalanche Prevention Earthquake Early Detection Water Leakages Radiation Levels Explosive and Hazardous Gases Supply Chain Control NFC Payment Intelligent Shopping Applications Smart Product Management
- 12. Expected!!
- 13. Baseline Technologies A number of technologies that are very closely related to IoT include Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications, Cyber-Physical-Systems (CPS) Web-of-Things (WoT).
- 14. So, many different applications, so many different devices and these devices are going to be made smart in these applications. So, that is the reason why we are going to have an explosion or in the number of these internetwork things, number of devices connected to the internet of things.
- 24. Sensi ng one of the very essential components of internet of things is sensors and the other one is actuators whereas, the sensors basically sense the physical phenomena that are occurring around them. the actuators basically based on the sensed information. The actuators, they actuate. That means, they perform some actions on the physical environment. So, they take some actions based on what has been sensed.
- 25. basically a sensor it detects or senses the changes in the ambient conditions or it can also sense the state of another device. So, maybe one sensor can check, can sense how and what is the state of another device. So, let me now show you some sensors, some real sensors that we have. So, here are few real sensors and this is a sensor that is used for obstacle detection. This is a PIR sensor passive infrared sensors. So, this passive infrared sensor here can be used for detecting if there is any obstacle. So, this is an example of a PIR or obstacle based sensor.
- 26. Then, we have another sensor this is the ultrasonic sensor. This basically detects that how far that obstacle is. This is another sensor. So, here as you can see that there are like two eyes kind of things. So, what happens is these ultrasonic sensors may send ultrasound waves. So, these ultrasound waves are sent and then, that sound wave is going to get reflected back. We already know what velocity is and then, depending on how much time has elapsed from the point sound wave was sensed and the deflection is received back, based on that the distance is calculated. So, this sensor helps in basically getting an idea or sensing how far an obstacle is from a particular point where the sensor is.
- 27. Then, we have another sensor which is the camera sensor. This is as you can see over here is small IoT camera. Since the camera sensor, then we have this one here which is a smoke detection sensor. So, this sensor can help in detecting the smoke.
- 28. Finally, I would like to show you another sensor which is the temperature and humidity sensor. This is actually, this measures both of these together this particular sensor.
- 46. Basics of IoT Networking Convergence of Domains
- 47. IoT Components
- 49. Functional Components of IoT Component for interaction and communication with other IoT devices Component for processing and analysis of operations Component for Internet interaction Component for handling Web services of applications Component to integrate application services User interface to access IoT
- 53. IoT Categories Industrial IoT IoT device connects to an IP network and the global Internet. Communication between the nodes done using regular as well as industry specific technologies. Consumer IoT IoT device communicates within the locally networked devices. Local communication is done mainly via Bluetooth, Zigbee or WiFi. Generally limited to local communication by a Gateway.
- 54. IoT Gateways
- 56. Technical Deviations from Regular Web
- 57. IoT Challenges Security Scalability Energy efficiency Bandwidth management Modeling and Analysis Interfacing Interoperability Data storage Data Analytics Complexity management (e.g., SDN)
- 58. Consideratio ns Communication between the IoT devices(s) and the outside world dictates the network architecture. Choice of communication technology dictates the IoT devices hardware requirements and costs. Due to the presence of numerous applications of IoT enabled devices, a single networking paradigm not sufficient to address all the needs of the consumer or the IoT device.
- 59. Complexity of Networks Growth of networks Interference among devices Network management Heterogeneity in networks Protocol standardization within networks
- 60. Wireless Networks Traffic and load management Variations in wireless networks - Wireless BodyArea Networks and other Personal Area Networks Interoperability Network management Overlay networks
- 61. Scalability Flexibility within Internet IoT integration Large deployment Real-time connectivity of billions of devices