IoT.pptx

The Internet of
Things
Submitted By:
Naman Singhvi
Roll No.: 21/348
URN: 21EUCEC044
Submitted To:
Mrs. Rajshree Tapariya

CONTENT
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
WHAT IS IOT
HOW IOT WORKS
IOT AS A NETWORK OF NETWORKS
WHY IOT
IOT ECOSYSTEM
STRATEGIES
HISTORY OF IOT
08
09
BENEFITS OF IOT
APPLICATIONS OF IOT
10 CONCLUSION

The Internet of things (IoT) is a system of interrelated
computing devices, mechanical and digital machines,
objects, animals or people that are provided with unique
identifiers ( UIDs ) and the ability to transfer data over a
network without requiring human-to-human or human-
to-computer interaction - IoTAgenda
A thing in the IoT can be a person with a heart monitor
implant, a farm animal with a biochip transponder, an
automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver
when tire pressure is low or any other natural or man-
made object that can be assigned an IP address and is
able to transfer data over a network.
IoT is a sensor network of billions of smart devices that
connect people, systems and other applications to collect
and share data.

History of IoT
The concept of the Internet of Things first became popular in 1999, through
the Auto-ID Center at MIT and related market-analysis publications. Radio-
frequency identification (RFID) was seen as a prerequisite for the IoT at that
point. If all objects and people in daily life were equipped with identifiers,
computers could manage and inventory them. Besides using RFID, the tagging
of things may be achieved through such technologies as near field
communication, barcodes, QR codes, Bluetooth, and digital watermarking.

How IoT Works?
Internet of Things is not the result of a single novel technology; instead, several complementary
technical developments provide capabilities that taken together help to bridge the gap between
the virtual and physical world.
These capabilities include:
 Communication and cooperation
 Addressability
 Identification
 Sensing
 Actuation
 Embedded information processing
 Localization
 User interfaces

Nano
Tech
RFID Sensor
To identify
and track
the data
of things
To collect
and process
the data to
detect the
changes in
the physical
status of
things.
To enhance
the power of
the network
by devolving
processing
capabilities to
different part
of the
network
To make the
smaller and
smaller
things have
the ability to
connect and
interact.

IoT as a Network
of Networks
These networks connected with
added security, analytics, and
management capabilities. This
will allow loT to become even
more powerful in what it can help
people achieve.

Why IOT ??
 Organizations in a variety of
industries are using IoT to
operate more efficiently, better
understand customers to
deliver enhanced customer
service, improve decision-
making and increase the value
of the business.
.

IoT ecoystem
 An IoT ecosystem consists of web-enabled
smart devices that use embedded
processors, sensors and communication
hardware to collect, send and act on data
they acquire from their environments.
 IoT devices share the sensor data they
collect by connecting to an IoT gateway or
other edge device where data is either
sent to the cloud to be analyzed or
analyzed locally.

Top 10 Strategic IoT Technologies and Trends –
GARTNER:
 Trend No. 1: Artificial Intelligence (AI): “Data is the fuel that powers the IoT and the
organization’s ability to derive meaning from it will define their long term success.”
 Trend No. 2: Social, Legal and Ethical IoT: These include ownership of data and the
deductions made from it, algorithmic bias, privacy and compliance with regulations such as
the General Data Protection Regulation. “Successful deployment of an IoT solution demands
that it’s not just technically effective but also socially acceptable.”
 Trend No. 3: Infonomics and Data Broking: The theory of infonomics takes monetization of
data further by seeing it as a strategic business asset to be recorded in the company
accounts. By 2023, the buying and selling of IoT data will become an essential part of many
IoT systems.

Trend No. 4: The Shift from Intelligent Edge to Intelligent Mesh: The shift from
centralized and cloud to edge architectures is well under way in the IoT space. These
mesh architectures will enable more flexible, intelligent and responsive IoT systems
— although often at the cost of additional complexities.
Trend No. 5: IoT Governance: As the IoT continues to expand, the need for a
governance framework that ensures appropriate behaviour in the creation, storage,
use and deletion of information related to IoT projects will become increasingly
important.
Trend No. 6: Sensor Innovation: The sensor market will evolve continuously through
2023. New sensors will enable a wider range of situations and events to be detected.
Trend No. 7: Trusted Hardware and Operating System: ‘.. by 2023, we expect to see
the deployment of hardware and software combinations that together create more
trustworthy and secure IoT systems…’.

Trend 8: Novel IoT User Experiences: User experience driven by 4 factors: new
sensors, new algorithms, new experience architectures and context, and socially
aware experiences.
Trend No. 9: Silicon Chip Innovation: By 2023, it’s expected that new special-
purpose chips will reduce the power consumption required to run IoT devices.
Trend No. 10: New Wireless Networking Technologies for IoT: IoT networking
involves balancing a set of competing requirements. In particular they should explore
5G, the forthcoming generation of low earth orbit satellites, and backscatter
networks.

Benefits of IoT
IoT offers a number of benefits to organizations, enabling them to:
 Monitor their overall business processes;
 Improve the customer experience;
 Save time and money;
 Enhance employee productivity;
 Integrate and adapt business models;
 Make better business decisions; and
 Generate more revenue.

Consumer and enterprise IoT
applications

Sample: Consumer iot
products & Services
 Helmet Concussion Sensor
 Medical Alert Watch
 Smart Fitness Clothing and Smart Running Shoes
 One-Button Product Purchases: “Order at the click of a button!” Amazon has
taken that phrase literally and produced physical branded buttons called Amazon
Dash that link to products in your home. Say you run out of laundry powder. You
can press your Dash button for Tide and Amazon will reorder your Tide Powder
product for you. No need to sign onto the Web, fumble with payment methods, or
retype credit card numbers.
 Garden Sensors
 Smart Televisions

Connected car story:
The connected car is equipped
with internet connections and
software that allow people to
stream music, look up movie
times, be alerted of traffic and
weather conditions, and even
power driving-assistance services
such as self-parking.

Smart farming: Use of iot to improve
agriculture
 n IoT-based smart farming, a system is built for monitoring the crop field with the help of sensors
(light, humidity, temperature, soil moisture, etc.) and automating the irrigation system. The farmers
can monitor the field conditions from anywhere. This is highly efficient compared to the
traditional/conventional approach.
 In terms of environmental issues, IoT-based smart farming provides great benefits including: better
and efficient water usage, and optimization of inputs and treatments.
 Therefore, smart farming based on IoT technologies enables growers and farmers to reduce waste
and enhance productivity.
 Some of the IoT applications in this area are:
 Precision farming
 Agricultural drones
 Livestock monitoring
 Smart greenhouses

Industrial Iot:
Industrial IoT (IIoT) focusses on the use of cyber-physical
systems to monitor the physical factory processes and make
data-based automated decisions.
While the physical systems are made the intelligent using
IoT, the real-time communication, and cooperation both
with each other and with humans is established via the
wireless web
IIoT brings in the concept of ‘a connected factory leads to a
smart factory’.

Iot in manufacturing:
1.Digital/connected factory: IoT enabled machinery can
transmit operational information to the partners like
original equipment manufacturers and to field engineers.
2.Facility management: The use of IoT sensors in
manufacturing equipment enables condition-based
maintenance alerts.
3.Production flow monitoring: IoT in manufacturing can
enable the monitoring of production lines starting from the
refining process down to the packaging of final products.
4.Inventory management: IoT applications permit the
monitoring of events across a supply chain.

Iot in manufacturing:
5. Plant Safety and Security: IoT combined big data analysis can improve the
overall workers’ safety and security in the plant. .
6. Quality control: IoT sensors collect aggregate product data and other third-
party syndicated data from various stages of a product cycle.
7. Packaging Optimization: By using IoT sensors in products and/or packaging,
manufacturers can gain insights into the usage patterns and handling of
product from multiple customers.
8. Logistics and Supply Chain Optimization: The Industrial IoT (IIoT) can
provide access to real-time supply chain information by tracking materials,
equipment, and products as they move through the supply chain.

IOT CHALLENGES:
Security, privacy and data sharing issues
Because IoT devices are closely connected, all a hacker has to do is exploit one
vulnerability to manipulate all the data, rendering it unusable. And manufacturers
that don't update their devices regularly -- or at all -- leave them vulnerable to
cybercriminals.
However, hackers aren't the only threat to the internet of things; privacy is another
major concern for IoT users. For instance, companies that make and distribute
consumer IoT devices could use those devices to obtain and sell users' personal data.
Challenges with IIoT:
Security of data – same as above
Reliability and stability – of IIoT sensors
Connectivity of all the systems in IIoT setup – no maintenance envisioned?
Blending legacy systems – IIoT is new in the market

What NEEDS TO be done?
1. Consumer education
2. Product reviews and comparisons
3. Vulnerability disclosure and vulnerability markets
4. Self-certification and voluntary codes of practice
5. Trust marks and labels like Internet Society’s Online Trust Alliance (OTA) IoT Trust Framework
6. Government initiatives
7. Mandated security requirements
8. Mandated certification
9. Liability reform
10.Etc.
11.No intervention!?

The future of iot:
Bain & Company expects annual IoT revenue of hardware and software to exceed $450
billion by 2020.
McKinsey & Company estimates IoT will have an $11.1 trillion impact by 2025.
IHS Markit believes the number of connected IoT devices will increase 12% annually to
reach 125 billion in 2030.
Gartner assesses that 20.8 billion connected things will be in use by 2020, with total spend
on IoT devices and services to reach $3.7 trillion in 2021.
By 2023, the average CIO will be responsible for more than three times as many endpoints
as this year – Gartner

The future of iot:
Garter forecasts that worldwide IoT Security Spending will be 3.11 billion by 2021 largely
driven by regulatory compliance.
Great improvements in the security of IoT devices driven by manufacturers’ own
initiatives as well users’ demand for better secure devices.
Global manufacturers will use analytics data recorded from connected devices to analyze
processes and identify optimization possibilities, according to IDC and SAP.
Business Insider forecasts that by 2020, 75 percent of new cars will come with built-in IoT
connectivity.

Conclusion:
The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a
transformative technology with the potential to
revolutionize the way we interact with the world around
us. By connecting everyday objects and devices to the
internet, IoT has enabled seamless communication, data
collection, and automation, leading to increased
efficiency, convenience, and improved decision-making
across various industries. However, its rapid growth also
raises concerns about security, privacy, and the ethical
use of data. As IoT continues to evolve, striking a balance
between innovation and addressing these challenges will
be crucial to unlocking its full potential for a smarter and
more interconnected future.

IoT.pptx

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