Ip addressing
- 4. WHAT IS AN IP ADDRESS? A way to identify machines on a network A unique identifier A numerical label 4
- 5. IP ADDRESSING IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) is responsible for global coordination of the Internet Protocol addressing systems. Currently there are two types of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in active use: I. IP version 4 (IPv4) II. IP version 6 (IPv6) 5
- 6. IP VERSION 4 (IPV4) IPv4 was initially deployed on 1 January 1983 and is still the most commonly used version IPv4 addresses are 32-bit numbers often expressed as 4 octets in "dotted decimal" notation (for example, 192.0.2.53) 6
- 7. IP VERSION 6 (IPV6) Deployment of the IPv6 protocol began in 1999. IPv6 addresses are 128-bit numbers and are conventionally expressed using hexadecimal strings (for example, 2001:0db8:582:ae33::29). 7
- 8. IP USAGE Used to connect to another computer Allows transfers of files and e-mail 8
- 9. WHAT IS AN INTERNET PROTOCOL? Protocol used for communicating data Across a packet-switched 9
- 10. SERVICES PROVIDED BY IP Addressing Fragmentation 10
- 11. PART OF IP ADDRESS Network Part Local or Host Part 11
- 12. IPV4 STRUCTURE IP addresses consist of four sections Each section is 8 bits long Each section can range from 0 to 255 Written, for example, 128.35.0.72 12
- 13. IPV4 STRUCTURE 5 Classes of IP address A, B, C, D and E I. Class A reserved for governments II. Class B reserved for medium companies III. Class C reserved for small companies IV. Class D are reserved for multicasting V. Class E are reserved for future use 13
- 14. IPV4 RANGES Class Address Range Supports Class A 1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254 Supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks. Class B 128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254 Supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks. Class C 192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254 Supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks. Class D 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 Reserved for multicast groups. Class E 240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254 Reserved for future use, or Research and Development Purposes. 14
- 15. IPV4 RANGES 15
- 16. IP REPRESENTATION 16 IP version 4 addresses IP version 6 addresses
- 17. TYPES OF IPV4 ADDRESSES: The Internet standards define the following types of IPv4 addresses: Unicast: Assigned to a single network interface located on a specific subnet on the network and used for one-to-one communications. Multicast: Assigned to one or more network interfaces located on various subnets on the network and used for one-to-many communications. Broadcast: Assigned to all network interfaces located on a subnet on the network and used for one-to-everyone-on-a-subnet communications. 17
- 18. TYPES OF IP ADDRESS There are two types of IP Address:- I. Static address II. Dynamic address 18
- 19. TYPES OF IP ADDRESS Static IP address; Manually input by network administrator Manageable for small networks Requires careful checks to avoid duplication 19
- 20. TYPES OF IP ADDRESS Dynamic IP address Examples - BOOTP, DHCP Assigned by server when host boots Derived automatically from a range of addresses Duration of ‘lease’ negotiated, then address released back to server 20
- 21. SPECIAL IP ADDRESSES: 21 169.254.0.0 – 169.254.0.16: Link local addresses 127.0.0.0 – 127.0.0.8: Loop-back addresses 0.0.0.0 – 0.0.0.8: used to communicate within the current network.
- 22. CLASSLESS IP ADDRESSING :- It allows us to use variable length subnet mask so also known as VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask. Different subnet mask used in same network. In this there is no boundary on host id and network id Classless Addressing also known as CIDR(classless interdomain routing) There is no default subnet mask in classless routing. Example: BGP(Border Gateway Protocol),RIPv2 22
- 23. SUBNET MASK Indicates how much of the IP address represents the network or subnet Standard (default) subnet masks: I. Class A subnet mask is 255.0.0.0 II. Class B subnet mask is 255.255.0.0 III. Class C subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 23
- 25. SAME NETWORK WITH SUBNETS 25
- 26. SAME NETWORK WITH DIFFERENT SUBNET 26
- 27. 27